Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-cosmos, iNeptune iyiplanethi yesishiyagalombili neyokugcina ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga. Kuze kube muva nje, ochwepheshe abaningi bazibuza: zingaki izinyanga iNeptune enazo ? Kwembulwe ukuthi, ngokungafani noMhlaba, iNeptune inezingaphezu kweshumi. INeptune ijikeleza iLanga eminyakeni eyi-164, izinsuku ezingama-323, namahora angama-21,7, kanti usuku eNeptune luthatha amahora ayi-16 nemizuzu engu-6.6.
Indawo ezungezile iyona eshesha kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho ihlanzekile kakhulu, njengoba kunomoya ovunguzayo njalo ohlelweni lwelanga (kufika ku-1600 km/h), kodwa imimoya yayo, eyakhiwe yi-hydrogen, i-helium , ne-methane, ibuthakathaka kakhulu kangangokuthi ngeke ibe yimimoya esekelwe emhlabeni. Noma kunjalo, iziphepho ezinkulu ziye zalungiselelwa lapho.
INeptune inezinyanga ezingaki?
Uhlelo lwesathelayithi lweNeptune luyinkimbinkimbi , njengoba izinyanga eziningi zalo zingase zibe ngaphandle kwelanga. Lokhu kuyenza ibe yisihloko esithakazelisayo sokutadisha emkhakheni wezinkanyezi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abathandi bezinkanyezi abaningi, kanye nososayensi abafunda le sayensi, bazibuza: Zingaki izinyanga uNeptune anazo? Ngokwemiphumela etholakele, kwatholakala ukuthi leli nani lingancika ezintweni ezikhona kuleso sifunda. Ngokukhethekile, lingancika eKuiper Belt, lapho izinto eziningi zivame ukuzungeza khona, noma nje emphumeleni wokushayisana phakathi kwezinto zasezulwini, ezikhiqiza izinhlayiya ezibandayo ezigcina seziba ama-comet.
Manje, uma sijula esifundweni sezinyanga zale planethi, singabona ukuthi yilokhu okwenzekayo enyangeni enkulu kunazo zonke kaNeptune (iTriton). Ukulandisa okuhlukahlukene kokuhlolwa kwesayensi kubonisa ukuthi ukujikeleza kwale satellite kungaletha izinguquko ezingashintsha uhlobo lwenyanga ngayinye kule planethi. Ukuze sihlole lesi sihloko kabanzi, kuyasiza ukuqonda izici zeNeptune.
Ukutholwa kweplanethi iNeptune
Inyanga yokuqala kaNeptune yatholakala ngusosayensi uWilliam Lassell ngo-1846 futhi manje seyaziwa ngokuthi iTriton, ezinsukwini ezingu-17 ngemva kokutholakala kukaNeptune. Ayikho enye inyanga kaNeptune eyatholakala kwaze kwaba ngu-1949, lapho usosayensi uGerard Kuiper ethola khona iNereid. Yilezi zinyanga ezimbili zikaNeptune kuphela ezavezwa kwaze kwaba yilapho kufika iVoyager 2 probe ngo-1989, lapho kwabonakala khona amasathelayithi amasha ayisithupha esifundeni esiseduze neNeptune.
Kulokhu, ngo-2013, kwabikwa ukutholakala kwenyanga ye-14, ephakathi kukaLarissa noProteus. Yaqanjwa okwesikhashana ngokuthi 'S/2004 N1' kulindele igama eliqondile. Lokhu kutholakala kwenezela ohlwini olude lwamasathelayithi emvelo azungeza amanye amaplanethi ohlelweni lwelanga.
Njengamanje, kuqoshwe izinyanga ezingu-14 zijikeleza iNeptune ; lezi yizi:
Naiad
Yinyanga eseduze kakhulu ne-Neptune, evezwe ngo-1989.
thalase
Kuyisethelayithi yesibili ye-Neptune, edalulwe ngo-1989.
I-Despina
Le nyanga ekhangayo yatholakala ngonyaka ka-1989 futhi ibhalwe njengeyesithathu kule planethi.
IGalatea
Yinyanga yesine ye-Neptune, ebonakaliswa ngo-1989.
ULarisa
Yinyanga yesihlanu ye-Neptune, emangazwe u-Reitsema, u-Hubbard, u-Lebofsky kanye no-Tholen ekuhlanganiseni izinkanyezi kwe-Neptune.
I-Proteus
Yinyanga yesithupha kaNeptune, evezwe ngo-1989 nguSynnott noSmith.
Triton
Sesixoxe ngale nyanga ethile, njengoba iyinyanga enkulu kunazo zonke zeNeptune. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, iTriton iyinyanga ebanda kakhulu kuzo zonke zeNeptune. Ubuso bayo bubonisa cishe u-70% wokukhanya, bumunca okuncane kakhulu, yingakho ibanda kangaka. Ngaphezu kwe-nitrogen, le nyanga iqukethe ne-methane ne-ammonia. Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe, kuyasiza ukuqhathanisa lolu lwazi nolwamanye amaplanethi afana neSaturn.
Imigqa emnyama evezwa kweminye imifanekiso ibonakala inikezwa izintaba-mlilo ezithile ezincane ezineqhwa le-nitrogen elixutshwe nezinto eziphilayo ezikhishwa ama-geyers enyanga i-Triton.
Nereida
Kuyisathelayithi yesishiyagalombili yeNeptune, evezwe ngo-1949 nguGerard Kuiper.
halimede
I-Neptune inezinhlobo eziningi zezinyanga futhi i-Halimamede ayisekho kude kakhulu, ngokuphathelene nerekhodi yenani lamasathelayithi i-Neptune enawo, lokhu kwatholakala ngo-2002 futhi ingeyesishiyagalolunye kuze kube manje.
Sao
Ngokwale akhawunti yokuhlukaniswa kwezinyanga i-Neptune enayo, sifinyelele endaweni engu-10, lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuhlala i-Sao, isathelayithi eyatholwa ngo-2002.
I-Laomedeia
Ngokufanayo, kukhona iLaomedeia. Kutholwe ngendlela efanayo ngonyaka iSao etholwe ngawo.
valelisa
I-Psámate ibalwa kunombolo 12 futhi itholwe nguSheppard.
neze
Manje sekuyithuba likaNeso. Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuhlanganisa inombolo ye-13 futhi yatholakala ngemuva kweqembu likaMateo J. Holman.
S/2004 No. 1
Ekugcineni, sifika ku-S/2004 N 1, eyatholakala kungekudala, muva nje kangangokuthi ayinalo igama okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ziyaqhubeka njengamanje, zibonisa ubuhlobo obuthile neplanethi yethu futhi zinikeza izimpendulo ezengeziwe embuzweni wokuthi zingaki izinyanga iNeptune enazo.
Ukunemba kakhudlwana futhi sibuyela emlandweni wesayensi yezinkanyezi, ngonyaka ka-1989, kwase kuphethwe ngokuthi iplanethi yethu yenkanyezi yanamuhla inezinyanga eziyi-13 kuphela. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kweminyaka kwatholakala ukuthi lokhu kwakungalungile ngokuphelele njengoba umzimba omusha wabonwa eNeptune.
Kulapha, ngemva kochungechunge lwezifundo, lapho kwavela khona i-S/2004 N 1, noma kunalokho,—inyanga ekuqaleni eyayicatshangwa ukuthi ingeyesi-14 ohlwini olude lwamasathelayithi azungeza le planethi enkulu. Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zale sathelayithi zathathwa yi- Hubble Space Telescope phakathi kuka-2004 no-2009.
Bekucatshangelwa ukuthi i-S/2004 N 1 ayizange ivele kunoma yisiphi isithombe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba kuze kube manje akwaziwa ukuthi yini ngempela ethathwe yisibonakude. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyangabazeka okwamanje njengoba ngemuva kokufunda kakhulu le nyanga entsha, ibonakale imnyama kakhulu. Esithombeni esiphambene ungabona ngaphandle, i-reactionary ne-orbithi ehlukile yenyanga enkulukazi ye-Neptune, i-Triton.
Ake sithi iTriton yabanjwa eKuiper Belt kamuva kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba uhlelo oluyingqayizivele lwezinyanga lweNeptune lwakheke. Ukujikeleza kwezinyanga zangaphambili kwaphazanyiswa yilesi senzakalo sendawo yonke, okwaholela ekukhishweni kwezinye izinyanga kanye nokushayisana kwezinye. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokwakhiwa kohlelo lwelanga kanye nobudlelwano balo neNeptune, vakashela lesi sihloko ngokwakhiwa kohlelo lwelanga.
Ngakho-ke, i-S/2004 N 1 iyingxenye yesimiso esiyingqayizivele sezinyanga, njengoba ifanisa nezinye iziphuphutheki eziseduze zeNeptune namathoni etiyela. I-Diffusion iyinikeze indawo engaba ngu-16 kuya ku-20 km, okuyenza ibe inyanga encane kunazo zonke e-Neptune, ngo-2013. Isizinda esibi sincane ukuze sifane nama-molecule akhona endaweni, kodwa iqhwa lamanzi likhulu ohlelweni sonozungezilanga olungaphandle, kucatshangwa ukuthi hambisana ne-S/2004 N 1.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi iNeptune isibe ngelinye lamaplanethi amakhulu kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lwelanga, futhi ubukhulu bayo obukhulu buyivumela ukuthi ibambe izinyanga ezingu-14, okuphendula umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo: Zingaki izinyanga iNeptune enazo?
