Njengamanje kunamakhulu emindeni enqume ukungabe isancika ekuthengeni izithelo nemifino ezimakethe nasezitolo ezijwayelekile, njengoba ikhetha ukuzilimela engadini yayo yemvelo. Kulesi sihloko uzokwazi konke mayelana nalesi sihloko, sikumema ukuthi uqhubeke nokufunda.
Ingadi yemvelo
Ingadi yemvelo uhlobo lokulima olufuna ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele umsoco wenhlabathi, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, kungakhiwa ekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyisitayela lapho uchungechunge lwamasu asendulo asetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa kwanoma yisiphi isitshalo, okubonisa ukuthi akudingekile ukusebenzisa amasu anamuhla ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yonke ingadi yezinto eziphilayo kufanele yenze ngaphandle kokwengezwa kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela ivuna imvelo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi akudingekile ukucebisa umhlabathi nokuthi izitshalo azihlaselwa yizinambuzane noma isikhunta. Iphuzu liwukuthi izenzo zethu zilimaza yonke i-ecosystem kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi imifino ikhule enhlabathini ecebile izakhi, ibhekane nokwelashwa kokuvimbela futhi ungabheki ukuvakashelwa kwezinambuzane njengezinambuzane. Lapho ingadi isanda kwakhiwa, into yokuqala okufanele uyicabangele ubukhulu bayo.
Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukusebenzisa indawo ebanzi futhi efanayo, isibonelo 1,50 x 1,50 square metres, okuvumela ukufinyelela kalula ezitshalweni ngaphandle kokunyathela ezindaweni zokutshala. Phakathi kwalezi zikhala izindlela ezinobubanzi obungenani imitha elingu-1 ziyagcinwa. Kunconywa ukuthi uqale ngengadi encane futhi uyikhulise eminyakeni elandelanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingadi kufanele ithole okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili okukhanya kwelanga ngosuku futhi ibe namanzi amaningi. Ukuzungeza kuvumela imisoco yenhlabathi ukuthi isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.
Indawo yengadi ye-organic
Kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu, njengoba idinga ukuthola amahora amaningana welanga ngosuku futhi ingabi eduze kwezihlahla noma izindonga ezinikeza umthunzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, indlela yelanga izobhekwa usuku lonke endaweni ekhethiwe, ibheka lapho ukukhanya kuqala futhi kugcina, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, lapho izitshalo eziningi zemifino zifinyelela ukukhula kwazo okugcwele. Uma indawo ekhethiwe ibonakala kakhulu emoyeni onamandla, izitshalo zingakwazi ukoma kalula. Kulokhu, kuhle ukuvikela indawo engaba ngu-45 cm ukuphakama futhi unake ngokukhethekile ukuchelela.
Ukuchelela kanye nokulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi njalo engadini kubalulekile entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ikakhulukazi kuzo zonke izimbewu ezisanda kutshalwa kanye nezithombo ezisanda kufakelwa kabusha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngokukhululeka kwamanzi lapho unquma indawo yengadi. Umhlabathi onomsoco, ophilayo ubalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo eziqinile, ezinempilo. Uma ukuhlaziywa kwe-substrate kubonisa ukuthi ubumba noma isihlabathi, kufanele kushintshwe. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokulungisa inhlabathi yakho engadini sisekwindla. Isakhiwo sayo sithuthukisiwe futhi ivunyelwe ukuphumula ebusika.
Izakhamzimba engadini yemvelo okufanele ibe nazo ezitshalweni zihlanganisa i-phosphorus yokukhula nezimpande; potassium ekukhuleni okulungile kwezithelo nezimbali kanye ne-nitrogen, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni iziqu namaqabunga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungasebenzisa umquba njenge-vermicompost, i-mulch, nezingxube ze-organic ezithengiswa ezikhungweni zengadi. Kodwa ungasebenzisa futhi umquba wasekhaya. Awukho umkhuba wokusebenzisa i-peat ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi njengoba izindawo ze-peat ziyancipha ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi, into yokuqala ukususa lonke ukhula olusendaweni ekhethiwe. Khona-ke kufanele kuvulwe umgodi ongaba amasentimitha angu-20 ukuze kukhishwe izigaxa egejeni futhi kuqedwe amatshe nezimpande ezivelayo. Izinto eziphilayo, i-humus nesihlabathi bese kwengezwa njengoba kudingeka futhi kuxutshwe ukuze kuhlanganiswe lezi zakhi emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esifanele, ungaqhubeka nokutshala.
Ukutshalwa kwe-Organic Garden
Ukutshala kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngembewu etshalwe nge-organically. Ngokuya ngesikhathi esithathayo ukuze umbhida ngamunye ukhule, uhlwanyelwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15, isibonelo, ukuhlela izikhathi zokukhiqiza ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uhlale ucabangela ukujikeleza kwezitshalo. Imbewu eminingi ingahlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini; ezinye, nokho, kufanele zitshalwe ezimbizeni futhi, uma izithombo zinamaqabunga okungenani amane, zitshalwe emhlabathini ngebhola lempande elithuthukile. Ezikhungweni zensimu ungathola izithombo zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemifino.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngokhula engadini yemvelo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokwenza njalo umsebenzi wokugcina ukhula olungaphuma engadini yemvelo ngaphansi kokulawula. Kufanele zisuswe ngesandla ngaphambi kokuba zibekwe noma ziqhakaze. Uma lokhu kwenziwa njalo, zizovela kancane kancane. Ukutshala okuminyene kuvimbela ukhula ekukhuleni ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya inqobo nje uma kunendawo yemifino nakho konke okunye okutshaliwe. Izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali azivunyelwe engadini yemvelo.
Izinambuzane engadini
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinambuzane ezitshalweni eziphilayo zilawulwa ngaphandle kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Ngokuvamile indlela iwukuheha izilwane ezidla ezinye zezinambuzane eziyingozi. Izitshalo ezinompe nephunga eliningi ziheha izinyoni nezinambuzane ezinenzuzo, phakathi kokunye, ukugcina ama-aphid, iminenke kanye nezimpukane zilawulwa. Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kungasusa ama-aphid anamathele emahlumela amasha nama-buds ngaphandle kokulimaza isitshalo. Izimbungulu ikakhulukazi izibungu zazo zidla ngempela izintwala.
Phakathi kwezinyoni, kulula ukuheha i-blue tit, ukubeka isitsha esinamanzi ukuze zigeze. Ama-Earwig izinambuzane ezidla izimbali. Emini zilala, ngakho uma izimbali zinyakaziswa ziwela phansi, lapho zinganyathelwa khona. Isicupho esisebenzayo ukubeka ithini eliyisicaba phansi; izobaheha ebusuku futhi ibavumele ukuthi bathunjwe ngakusasa. Iminenke nama-slugs ayingozi kakhulu ezitshalweni ezincane.
Zihlasela ebusuku kanti emini zicasha ezindaweni ezinomswakama njengaphansi kwamabhodwe noma ngaphansi kwamatshe kanye ne-driftwood. Ukucupha i-foil nakho kuyasebenza, njengoba kwenza ama-slugs afafazwe ngosawoti noma abeke amagobolondo amaqanda aqotshiwe ezungeze imifino yezingane ukuze anqande. Amaxoxo namaxoxo kungenye isilwane esizingelayo semvelo salezi nematode. Ukuba nechibi elincane eduze nengadi kuthanda ukuba khona kwalezi zilwane ezihlala emanzini.
Elinye iqhinga lokuvimbela izinambuzane ezithile eziyingozi ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezinephunga elinamandla. Lena indaba ye-Tagetes, esetshenziswa njengemithi exosha izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi izimpukane. Kutuswa ukutshala eduze nezitshalo zikatamatisi kanye nekhukhamba, ezithinteka kakhulu ekuhlaselweni yilesi zinambuzane. Izimpande zeCalendula nazo ziyanuka futhi zixosha ama-nematode emhlabathini. Ezinye izitshalo ezivimbela izinambuzane i-geraniums (uhlobo lwePelargonium) ne-basil enephunga elimnandi. Ukutshala u-anyanisi nama-chive ndawonye kuwenza aqine ngenxa yephunga lawo, elixosha izimpukane ze-carrot.
Yimuphi umhlabathi ongcono, ubumba noma isihlabathi?
Inhlabathi yobumba igcina amanzi, iyasinda, futhi uma isikhanywe ngesandla, iyagoqa ibe yibhola. Ukuthungwa kwayo okuhle kuvimbela ukugeleza kwamanzi, okungabangela ama-puddles kanye nokubola kwezimpande zokuminyanisa. Ehlobo elishisayo, elomile liyabumbana libe inhlabathi eqinile evimbela izimpande ekutholeni umoya-mpilo. Imbewu ayikhuli kuzo, ngakho-ke kulula ukuyihluma ezimbizeni bese uyitshala. Isakhiwo sazo silungiswa ngokuzixuba kahle kakhulu nesihlabathi ukuze zingabi nesisindo esincane kanye ne-organic matter ezixegisayo futhi ezicebisayo. Inzuzo ukuthi aqukethe imisoco eminingi.
Umhlabathi oyisihlabathi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, awulula futhi uyabhidlika uma ucoshwa ngesandla; ukuthungwa okumahhadla ungabona izinhlamvu zesihlabathi. Avumela amanzi ukuba adlule kalula futhi asuse imisoco. Zishisa ngokushesha elangeni futhi zome kalula. Kubalulekile futhi ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuvundisa nokunisela njalo, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umnikelo obalulekile wezinto eziphilayo uyadingeka ngesikhathi sokulungiselela. Imbewu iqhuma kalula kuzo.
Uma usithandile lesi sihloko mayelana ne-Organic Garden futhi ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezinye izihloko ezithakazelisayo, ungabuyekeza izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: