Ku-astronomy, inkanyezi ephindwe kabili iyizinkanyezi ezimbili ezibonakala zisondelene kakhulu uma zibukwa eMhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, kulesi sihloko, ngizokwabelana ngakho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngazo ukuze sikwazi ukwazisa ubuhle bendawo eduze.
Yini inkanyezi ephindwe kabili?
Inkanyezi ephindwe kabili iyizinkanyezi ezimbili ezibanjwe ndawonye ngamandla adonsela phansi futhi zizungeza isikhungo sazo esivamile. Ukuze ngibone kangcono lezi zinhlelo, ngiyanimema ukuthi nifunde kabanzi ngama -telescope afanele.
Ngalo mqondo, izigaba ze-orbital , ezisukela kumaminithi uma kuziwa ezibhangqweni ezisondelene kakhulu kuya ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka uma kuziwa ezibhangqweni ezikude, zincike ebangeni eliphakathi kwezinkanyezi nobuningi bazo obuhlobene. Le nqubo ingafaniswa nokuhamba kwezinkanyezi ezitholakala ezinkanyezini ezifana ne- Orion's Belt.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singahlangana nezinhlelo zezinkanyezi eziningi , eziqukethe izinkanyezi ezintathu noma ezine ezizungeza ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, iLyra ibonakala iyinkanyezi ephindwe kabili, kodwa ngethelesikopu, ingxenye ngayinye yazo ezimbili empeleni iyisistimu enama-binary.
Kulo mqondo, ukubheka imijikelezo yezinkanyezi eziphindwe kabili kuyindlela eqondile kuphela izazi zezinkanyezi ezinayo ukuze zikwazi ukukala izinkanyezi, futhi ngale ndlela, kuhlobene nokutadisha ukuqhuma kwezinkanyezi.
Ngokufanayo, uma kuziwa ezimbangini ezisondelene kakhulu, ukuzwelana kwazo okudonsela phansi kungaphazamisa ukuma kwezinkanyezi, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi igesi idluliselwe kusuka kwenye inkanyezi iye kwenye ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukudluliselwa kwesisindo".
Ngenxa yokusebenzisa amateleskopu, izinkanyezi eziningi eziphindwe kabili ezivele zodwa zivela phezulu ziyatholwa. Kodwa-ke, uma zisondelene kakhulu, zitholwa kuphela ngokutadisha ukukhanya kwazo kusetshenziswa i-spectroscopy. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-spectra ezinkanyezi ezimbili ayabonwa , futhi ukunyakaza kwazo kungatholakala kusukela kumphumela we-Doppler kuzo zombili ama-spectra. Lawa ma-pair abizwa ngokuthi ama-spectroscopic binaries.
Ungase ube nentshisekelo naku: IZINTO EZINTATHU EZIBALULEKILE ZOMkhathi WOMHLABA EZIVUMELWA YI-NASA.
Uyini umphumela we-Doppler?
Umphumela we-Doppler uyinto ebonakalayo lapho umthombo womsindo ubonisa ushintsho ekuphindaphindeni kwamagagasi awo uma kuqhathaniswa nombukeli lapho lowo mthombo uhamba. Lesi simo siqanjwe ngegama lomtholi waso, uChristian Andreas Doppler, isazi sezibalo kanye nesazi sefiziksi sase-Austria owethula imibono yakhe yokuqala ngale ndaba ngo-1842. Ngokomongo wesayensi yezinkanyezi, kubalulekile ekuchazeni izici zezinkanyezi kanye nokunyakaza kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela we-Doppler awusebenzi nje kuphela ekuzwakaleni, kodwa nakwezinye izinhlobo zamagagasi, yize abantu bengabona kuphela umphumela okhishwa ngokoqobo lapho besizwa amagagasi omsindo.
Umphumela we-Doppler ushintsho olucatshangelwayo ekuvameni kwegagasi olubangelwa ukunyakaza okuhlobene komthombo uma kuqhathaniswa nombukeli. Lesi simo sibalulekile ekufundweni kwezinkanyezi, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwama- exoplanets.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo naku: INKANYEZI YE-POLAR: IKUSASA ELINGAQINISEKILE NOMA UKUQALA KWEMPILO ENTSHA?
Izinhlobo ezi-2 ze-Double Stars
Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezimbili zezinkanyezi eziphindwe kabili ziqoshwe :
1. Inkanyezi kanambambili
Inkanyezi enama-binary iyisistimu yezinkanyezi eyakhiwe yizinkanyezi ezimbili ezizungezana eduze kwesikhungo esivamile sobunzima. Ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi iphesenti elikhulu lezinkanyezi liyingxenye yezinhlelo ezinezinkanyezi okungenani ezimbili. Izinhlelo zezinkanyezi eziningi, ezingaba kathathu, ezi-quaternary, noma ezihlanganisa izinkanyezi ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ezisebenzisana, nazo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izinkanyezi ezina-binary, njengoba kunjalo nge- Proxima Centauri kanye ne-Alpha Centauri A kanye ne-B.
Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinkanyezi ezimbili ezithiwa ziyasebenza endaweni yonke, izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zadinga ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezimbili zangempela nalezo ezibhekwa njengeziyizinkanyezi ezimbili kodwa ezimane zibonakala noma zibuka ngokwemvelo. Ukuze ngiqonde kangcono lesi simo, ngincoma ukufunda ngokuthi iyini izinkanyezi.
Lesi simo senzeka nalapho izidalwa zasezulwini ezimbili ezihlukaniswe amabanga amakhulu futhi zingenawo amandla adonsela phansi ahambisanayo zibonakala ziseduze kakhulu nathi. Ngokufanayo, kube nezimo lapho izinkanyezi ezinokukhanya okuhlukahlukene zibonakala sengathi zidlula izinkanyezi ezimbili kuyilapho zingekho. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalesi simo esihlokweni esiphathelene neNkanyezi kaDavide.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunezinkanyezi ezimbili ezizungeza kude kakhulu kangangokuthi zikhula ngokuzimela. Ngokuvamile, izinhlelo ezimbili zisondelene kakhulu kangangokuthi ukuvela kwazo komuntu ngamunye kuthintwa izinguquko ezenziwa umlingani wazo. Lezi zinhlelo bese zikhula zizonke, zidale izinto ebezingenakwenzeka.
4 Izinhlobo Binary Stars
Kunezinhlobo ezine zezinkanyezi ezimbili okufanele uziqaphele.
1. Amabhinari abonakalayo
Lezi yizinhlobo zezinkanyezi ezimbili ezingatholakala ngamatheleskopu ajwayelekile . Kulolu hlobo lwezinkanyezi ezimbili, zombili izinkanyezi ziyabonakala esithombeni. Lezi zinkanyezi ezimbili ngokuvamile azikude kakhulu nathi futhi ziqhelelene kakhulu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamatheleskopu, bheka isihloko esihlobene.
Lezi zinkanyezi ezimbili, naphezu kokuba lula ukuzibona, ngokuvamile akulula kangako ukuzibona njengoba izikhathi zazo zokuzungeza iplanethi zivame ukuba yiminyaka engamakhulu. Ngisho nezinkanyezi ezimbili eziseduze akudingeki zibe ezimbili. Zingaba izinkanyezi ezimbili eziwela izindlela futhi zingaphinde zishayisane.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo nakulokhu: Yini engenzeka uma ilanga lingaphuma?
2. I-Eclipsing Binaries
Lokhu kubonakala kuphela uma imijikelezo yazo ihambisana neyethu ngendlela yokuthi inkanyezi eyodwa ivame ukudlula phambi kwenye. Lokhu kubangela ukwehla okuvamile kokukhanya, okubizwa yizazi zezinkanyezi ngokuthi ijika lokukhanya.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhanya kwazo kuyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi azibonakali njengezinkanyezi eziguquguqukayo. Lezi zinkanyezi ngokuvamile zinesikhathi esifushane sokuphila, njengoba okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuzibona iwukubona ukujwayela kokushintsha kwazo ukukhanya.
3. I-Astrometric Binaries
Kulolu hlobo lwesimiso se-binary, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yenkanyezi ibonakala. Zitholakala njengezi-binary ngenxa yokudonsa kwamandla adonsela phansi okwenziwa umngane wazo ongabonakali.
Lokhu kukhiqiza ukunyakaza okunyakazayo maqondana nesisekelo sezinkanyezi eziqinile ezingalinganiswa ngezindlela ze-parallax uma ziseduze ngokwanele, njengoba lolu hlobo lokubala lwenziwa ezinkanyezini eziseduze nama-parsecs ayi-10, emabangeni amakhulu i-engeli ye-parallax incane kakhulu kangangokuthi izibalo azikwazi ukwenziwa.
4. Optical Binaries
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinkanyezi ezimbili zibonakala zisondelene kakhulu esibhakabhakeni, njengoba zingaphakathi komugqa ofanayo wokubona. Kodwa-ke, empeleni zikude kakhulu nathi.
I- optical binary ingahlukaniswa ne-binary yangempela ngemva kokuyibuka isikhathi eside, cishe iminyaka. Uma ugesi wenkanyezi uqondile, izinkanyezi zingabhekwa njengezingamanga, hhayi izinkanyezi ezi-binary.
2. I-Optical Double Star
Ku-astronomy, inkanyezi ephindwe kabili ebonakalayo , noma inkanyezi ephindwe kabili ebonakalayo, iyizinkanyezi ezimbili, nakuba zibonakala zisondelene kakhulu njengoba zibonakala eMhlabeni, empeleni zihlukaniswe yibanga elide emkhathini futhi azibophekile ngamandla adonsela phansi. Zihlukile futhi ezinkanyezini zangempela eziphindwe kabili, lapho zombili izinkanyezi ziseduze komunye nomunye emkhathini futhi zizungeza isikhungo esivamile sobunzima.
Izici ze-Optical Double Stars
Izinkanyezi ezimbili ezibonakalayo zihlukaniswa nezinkanyezi ezimbili ezibonakalayo ngokuhlola okubonakalayo isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile iminyaka. Uma ukunyakaza okuhlobene kubonakala kuqondile, kungacatshangwa ngokuphephile ukuthi ukunyakaza kungenxa yokunyakaza okufanele kwezinkanyezi nokuthi zakha i-double ebonakalayo.
Endabeni yenkanyezi kanambambili yeqiniso, i-engeli yokugxila iyashintsha kancane kancane futhi ibanga phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezimbili liyashintshashintsha phakathi kobukhulu nobuncane.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo ku: I-ASTOLOGY, INKOLELO NOMA ISAYENSI? IMPIKISWANO KUSUKELA EKUQALENI KWESIKHATHI
Ekuphetheni, kunezinkanyezi ezahlukahlukene endaweni yonke , futhi enye yalezi ingaba yi-Double Star, kodwa qaphela, ngezinye izikhathi zingaba njalo, noma kwezinye izimo zingase zikholwe ukuthi zihlangene ngempela kanti empeleni kuwumbono ongalungile odalwe umbono wethu.
