Ku-astronomy, ibizwa ngokuthi inkanyezi ekabili ezinkanyezini ezimbili ezisondelene kakhulu lapho zibonwa eMhlabeni. Nokho, kulesi sihloko ngizokwabelana nawe ngakho konke okuhlobene nazo, ukuze ngale ndlela sikwazi ukwazisa kancane kancane izinto ezinhle ezingenzeka emkhathini.
Yini inkanyezi ephindwe kabili?
I-Double Star eyodwa inkanyezi umbhangqwana ezihlanganiswe amandla adonsela phansi futhi ziphinde zijikeleze isikhungo sazo esivamile. Ukubona kangcono imvelo yalezi zinhlelo, ngikumema ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana izibonakude ezifanele ukubukwa.
Ngalo mqondo, izinyathelo ama-orbitals, ezisukela emizuzwini endabeni yamapheya asondelene kakhulu kuye ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka endabeni yamabhangqa akude, kuncike ebangeni eliphakathi kwezinkanyezi noquqaba lwazo oluhlobene. Le nqubo ingafaniswa nokuhamba kwezinkanyezi ezitholakala emibuthanweni yezinkanyezi njenge Ibhande lika-Orion.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singakwazi futhi ukuhlangabezana izinkanyezi eziningi, ehlanganisa lezo zinhlelo lapho izinkanyezi ezintathu noma ezine zizungeza ezindleleni ezididayo. Isibonelo, i-Lyra ibukeka njengenkanyezi ephindwe kabili, kodwa ngokusebenzisa i-telescope kuyaphawulwa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yalezi zimbili iwuhlelo lwamayunithi amabili noma kanambambili.
Ngalolu hlelo lwemibono, ukubhekwa kwemizila yezinkanyezi ezikabili ukuphela kwenqubo eqondile ukuthi izazi zezinkanyezi ukukwazi ukukala izinkanyezi futhi, ngale ndlela, kuhlobene nocwaningo lwe ukuqhuma kwenkanyezi.
Ngokufanayo, endabeni yemibhangqwana esondelene kakhulu, yabo amandla adonsela phansi ingahlanekezela ukuma kwezinkanyezi, futhi igesi ingase igeleze isuka kwenye inkanyezi iye kwenye ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukudluliswa kobuningi."
Ngenxa yokusebenzisa isibonakude izinkanyezi eziningi eziphindwe kabili zitholwa ukuthi ngenhla kwakubonakala kulula. Kodwa-ke, lapho zisondelene kakhulu, zitholwa kuphela uma ukukhanya kwazo kuhlolwa nge-spectroscopy. Bese ubona i-spectra ye izinkanyezi ezimbili, futhi ukunyakaza kwayo kungatholwa ukushintsha kwe-Doppler kuzo zombili izibukeli. Lawa mapheya abizwa ngokuthi ama-spectroscopic binaries.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo: IZIQINISEKISO EZINGU-3 EZIBALULEKILE ZOMKHAYA WOMHLABA EZIVUMELWE YI-NASA.
Uyini umphumela we-Doppler?
El Umphumela we-Doppler Kuyinto engokoqobo lapho okucatshangwayo ukuthi inguquko yenkathi ye-wave periodicity iboniswa umthombo ozwakalayo maqondana nesibukeli sawo lapho lowo mthombo ofanayo uhamba. Lesi simo siqanjwe ngomhloli waso, uChristian Andreas Doppler, isazi sezibalo nefiziksi sase-Austria esabonisa imibono yaso yokuqala mayelana nalolu daba ngo-1842. Ngokomongo wesayensi yezinkanyezi, kubalulekile ukuchaza izici zesayensi yezinkanyezi. izinkanyezi nokunyakaza kwazo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphumela we-Doppler awusebenzi nje ngokuzwakalayo, kodwa nakwezinye izinhlobo zamagagasi, nakuba abantu bengabona kuphela umphumela we-radiated empeleni lapho besizwa amagagasi omsindo.
Umthelela we-Doppler uwushintsho olucatshangwayo lwemvamisa yegagasi olubangelwa ukunyakaza okuhlobene komthombo okuhlobene nesibukeli sawo. Lesi simo sibalulekile ocwaningweni lwezinkanyezi, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe exoplanets.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo: Inkanyezi Ebusayo: IKUSASA ENGAQINISEKILE NOMA UKUQALA KWEMPILO ENTSHA?
Izinhlobo ezi-2 ze-Double Stars
Njengamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze izinkanyezi kabili, lezi yizi:
1. Inkanyezi kanambambili
Una inkanyezi kanambambili Kuwuhlelo lwenkanyezi olwakhiwe izinkanyezi ezimbili ezizungezana esikhungweni esivamile sesisindo. Ngalo mqondo, imibono yakamuva irekhoda ukuthi iphesenti elikhulu lezinkanyezi liyingxenye yezinhlelo okungenani zezinkanyezi ezimbili. Izinhlelo eziningi, ezingaba kathathu, i-quaternary, ngisho nezinkanyezi ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu ezixhumana zodwa, zivame ukubizwa ngezinkanyezi ezimbaxambili, njengoba kwenzeka U-Proxima Centauri kanye no-Alpha Centauri A no-B.
Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinkanyezi ezisebenza kanambambili okuthiwa ziyasebenza e indawo yonke, Izazi zezinkanyezi ziye zadinga ukwandisa umumo ukuze zihlukanise lezo ezinganambambili ngempela kulezo ezicabanga ukuthi zinjalo, kodwa lokho kuyindaba yokubona kuphela noma yokubuka. Ukuze uqonde kangcono lesi simo, ngincoma ukuthi ufunde mayelana yini i-astronomy.
Ngokufanayo, le ndawo izalwa lapho izinkanyezi ezimbili zihlukaniswa amabanga amade futhi ngaphandle kobudlelwane obulinganayo bamandla adonsela phansi, zibonakala ziseduze kakhulu nokubukeka kwethu. Ngokufanayo, kuye kwaba nezimo lapho izinkanyezi ukucaca okuguquguqukayo kubonakale kusibekela okuhamba ngakubili kuyilapho empeleni bekungenjalo. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalesi simo esihlokweni mayelana iNkanyezi kaDavide.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kukhona amapheya ezinkanyezi ukuzungeza kude kakhulu komunye nomunye ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokuzimela, ezimweni eziningi ama-binaries asondelene kangangokuthi inqubekela-phambili yabo ngabanye iguqulwa izinguquko abashade nabo ababhekana nazo. Lezo zinhlelo zibe sezikhula sezizonke, zidale izinto ezingenzeki ngenye indlela.
4 Izinhlobo Binary Stars
Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 ze kanambambili izinkanyezi okufanele ukuqaphele
1. Amabhinari abonakalayo
Yilawo angatholakala ne izibonakude ezejwayelekile. Kulolu hlobo kanambambili womabili amayunithi ayabonakala esithombeni. Lezi zinhlobo zamabhanari ngokuvamile azikho kude nathi futhi ziqhelelene kakhulu nomunye. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze izibonakude, bheka isihloko esihlobene.
Lawa mabhinari, naphezu kokutholakala kwawo kalula, ngokuvamile akulula ukuwathola njengoba izikhathi zawo ze-orbital ngokuvamile zilandelana. amakhulu eminyaka. Ngisho nezinkanyezi ezimbili eziseduze ngeke kudingeke ukuba zibe kanambambili. Kungaba izinkanyezi ezimbili eziphambanayo zingaphinde zihlangane.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo: Kuzokwenzekani uma iLanga liphuma?
2. I-Eclipsing Binaries
Lezi ziyaziswa kuphela lapho zabo imizila zakhiwa kanye nezethu ngendlela yokuthi, ngokuvamile, inkanyezi eyodwa idlula phambi kwenye. Lokhu kubangela ukuncipha okujwayelekile kokukhanya ukuze kubonakale, lokho okucashunwe izazi zezinkanyezi njengejiko lokukhanya.
Njengoba ukukhanya kwazo kushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi azinakwa njengezinkanyezi eziguquguqukayo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lezi zinkanyezi zinesigaba esifushane njengoba okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuzithola iwukubona ukujwayela kwazo izinguquko ezikhanyayo.
3. I-Astrometric Binaries
Kulolu hlobo lwesistimu ephindwe kabili kuphela ingxenye eyodwa yenkanyezi ebonwayo. Zitholwa zibonga kanambambili ku- amandla adonsela phansi "donsa" eyenziwa umngane wakhe ongabonakali.
Lokhu kukhiqiza ukunyakaza kwe-oscillatory ngokuphathelene ne- isisekelo sezinkanyezi ezingaguquki engalinganiswa ngezindlela ze-parallax uma isondele ngokwanele, njengoba lolu hlobo lokubala lwenziwa ezinkanyezini eziseduze nama-parsecs angu-10, emabangeni amakhulu i-engeli ye-parallax incane kangangokuthi izibalo azikwazi ukwenziwa.
4. Optical Binaries
Ngiyabonga nobabili izinkanyezi babonakala esibhakabhakeni besondelene kakhulu ngoba basuke bebukana. Kwenzeka ukuthi empeleni baqhelelene kakhulu nathi.
Umuntu angahlukanisa kanambambili optical okweqiniso ngemva kokuwabona isikhathi eside, cishe iminyaka. Uma inkanyezi iwumugqa, kunganqunywa ukuthi izinkanyezi azizona kanambambili, kodwa amabhanari angamanga.
2. I-Optical Double Star
Ku-astronomy ibizwa ngokuthi inkanyezi ephindwe kabili yokubona noma inkanyezi ye-optical kanambambili kulezo zinkanyezi ezimbili okuthi nakuba zikholelwa ukuthi zisondelene kakhulu nenye yalezi ezibonwa eMhlabeni, empeleni zihlukaniswa ibanga elikhulu emkhathini futhi azixhumene ngokudonsela phansi komunye nomunye. Ngokufanayo, azifani nezinkanyezi eziqanjwe ngokufanelekile, lapho zombili izinkanyezi ziseduze ndawonye emkhathini futhi zizungeza isikhungo esivamile sesisindo.
Izici ze-Optical Double Stars
Izinkanyezi ezi-Optical double zihlukile kanambambili izinkanyezi ngokuhlolwa okubonwayo isikhathi eside, imvamisa iminyaka. Uma ukunyakaza okuhlobene kubonakala kuwumugqa, kungacatshangwa ngokuphephile ukuthi ukunyakaza kungenxa ngokukhethekileyo ukunyakaza okufanele kwezinkanyezi nokuthi zakha i-double optic.
Endabeni yenkanyezi kanambambili yeqiniso, i-engeli yokugxila iyashintsha kancane kancane futhi ibanga phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezimbili liyashintshashintsha phakathi kobukhulu nobuncane.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo: IZINKANYEZI, INKOLELO NOMA ISAYENSI? IMPIKISWANO KUSUKELA EKUQALENI KWESIKHATHI
Sengiphetha, kunezinhlobonhlobo izinkanyezi Emkhathini futhi enye yalezi kungaba i-Double Star, kodwa qaphela, ngezinye izikhathi ingaba kanje noma kwezinye izimo bangakholelwa ukuthi bamunye ngempela kuyilapho empeleni kuwumbono ongelona iqiniso okhiqizwa umbono wethu.
