Ukwanda kwesidingo samandla emhlabeni wethu kudinga ukudalwa kwemithombo emisha. Kunemibono emisha ngeLanga edinga ukuthi silihlole ngamehlo amasha, njengomthombo wamandla ongenamkhawulo.
ILanga manje linikeza isintu umthombo wamandla ongahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zalo. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo sekuphumelele kakhulu futhi kuphumelele kakhulu. Kodwa hlobo luni lwenkanyezi iLanga, ngempela? Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi nokuningi.
ilanga nokuphila
Ilanga liwumthombo oyinhloko wawo wonke amandla kithi , kokubili ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile. Izitshalo nezilwane zidinga ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze ziphile. Izitshalo ziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ukudla nge- photosynthesis . Le nqubo efanayo yindlela umhlaba wethu owadalwa ngayo, futhi izidalwa eziningi zithembele ezitshalweni ukuze zithole ukudla.
Eminyakeni eyizigidi edlule, izinto zezitshalo nezilwane zabola zaba amafutha anjengelahle, uwoyela, kanye negesi yemvelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izitshalo nezilwane ezifile. Amandla enuzi akhiqizwa emhlabeni wethu avela emandleni eLanga. Aphinde abangele imimoya yasemkhathini kanye nemisinga yolwandle . Futhi izinsimbi ezisindayo zakhiwa cishe enkabeni yeLanga. Eqinisweni, uhlelo lwelanga luyinto yesibili ngokwemvelo ngoba luwumkhiqizo wokwakheka kweLanga.
Kodwa iLanga liluhlobo luni lwenkanyezi?
Isithombe sokufiphala kwelanga
Emthaleni ongavamile, iLanga libonakala liyinkanyezi ejwayelekile. ILanga liyinkanyezi yohlobo lwe-G2 spectral kanye nesigaba se-V luminosity ngokwesayensi yezinkanyezi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi liyinkanyezi ephuzi emfushane enezinga lokushisa elingu- 5778 degrees Fahrenheit . Ubuso bayo be-K1 bungamamitha angu-5780 ububanzi.
I-hydrogen yakha u-74% wegesi ; cishe yakhiwe yilesi sakhi ngokuphelele. Ukuze sikunike umbono, inesisindo esingu-92% somthamo wayo futhi iqukethe isisindo esilingana nethangi elivamile le-helium. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-helium kungu-24,5% ngobunzima kanye no-7% ngobuningi . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlayiya ezincane zezinsimbi ezisindayo, njengensimbi, i-nickel, kanye ne-lead, ezihlala ezinhlayiyeni ezingaphansi kwe-atomic. Ezinye izakhi, njenge-silicon, i-sulfur, i-magnesium, i-carbon, i-oxygen, ne-calcium, zibhalwe njengezakhi ezengeziwe.
I-Curiosities of the Sun
Lezi ezinye zezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu zeLanga:
- ILanga libukeka lingenasidingo njengoba lisendaweni engenancazelo ethile.
- Isikhungo se-Galaxy cishe Iminyaka engu-26.000 yokukhanya ukusuka eMhlabeni. Ukuze ufike lapho, umdlali kufanele ahambe cishe iminyaka engama-900 yokukhanya. I-nebula iqhele cishe nge-light-year engu-60.000, emaphethelweni angaphakathi kakhulu engalo ezungezayo ye-Orion.
- ILanga lihamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angu-214 ngomzuzwana..
- Ukuze sibone yonke le ndawo ngamehlo ethu amancane, kwakuzodingeka sihambe unyaka owodwa wokukhanya njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-1 1.400. Lokhu bekungathatha abahambi amakhilomitha angu-200.000 120 noma ibanga eliphindwe izikhathi ezingu-XNUMX ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya eLangeni. IMilky Way, inezinkanyezi eziyisigidi.
- ILanga lethu liwela ohlotsheni lwe-G2 lwezinkanyezi eziyizigidi eziyi-100, u-85% wazo okuyizinto ezincane ezibomvu ezilufifi kunenkanyezi yethu.
- Emini, iLanga lethu liphuphuthekisa ezinye izindikimba zasezulwini ngokukhanya kwayo okuyingqayizivele. Kunzima ukuyibona ngqo ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo. ILanga likhuthaze ukuhlola kanye nelukuluku kuwo wonke amasiko.
- Abantu basendulo babembheka njengonkulunkulu futhi bakha nezithombe ukuze bamhloniphe.
- Amanyuvesi amakhulu kanye nezindawo zokubuka izinto zikhona emhlabeni wonke. EGibhithe, eGrisi naseMelika, kanye nase-Asia naseMpumalanga, kunenqwaba yezindawo zokubuka izinto.
- Ukuba khona kwezibonelo ezingenakubalwa ezithakazelisayo nezingavamile emhlabeni wonke ibonisa ukuqonda nokuqaphela ukukhanya nokushisa KweLanga njengemithombo yamandla esekela ukuphila.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinkanyezi ezifana neLanga?
Izazi zezinkanyezi zikuthola kunzima ukuthola izinkanyezi ezibonisa ukubonakala kweLanga njengenkanyezi evamile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iLanga liwumthombo wokukhanya oyingqayizivele wezazi zezinkanyezi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkanyezi kwesinye isikhathi zisebenzisa amawele ukulinganisa.
Ukusondela kweLanga kumathuluzi ethu kwenza kube nzima ukuwasebenzisa njengendinganiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwalo kuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwalo njengendinganiso yokulinganisa. Ukusesha izinkanyezi ezifana neLanga kuveze imiphumela engaphelele. Azikho kulezi zinkanyezi ezamukelwe njengomngane weLanga.
Izinkanyezi ezingu -18 Scorpii (HD142633) kanye ne -HIP56984 zifana neLanga njengoba iso lakho linjalo kuwo wonke umzimba wakho. Abanye ososayensi bathi i-18 Scorpii ifana neLanga ngezindlela eziningi , kodwa ihlukile kwezinye. Isibonelo, inobunzima obukhulu. Iphinde iqukethe i-lithium ephindwe kathathu kuneLanga.
Ngokombono wesayensi, iLanga libonakala lingenakuhlukaniswa nekhaya lethu. Kodwa kukhona umzimba wasezulwini okude, cishe iminyaka yokukhanya engu-200 ukusuka eLangeni, ofana kakhulu neLanga lethu ngokweminyaka, okwenza libe yindawo efanelekile yokufuna amaplanethi afana noMhlaba . Uma kutholakala ubufakazi, kuhlelwa imisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo yokuthola la maplanethi. Lokhu kuholela emcabangweni wokukwazi ukufuna impilo yangaphandle komhlaba.
ubudala belanga
Ilanga lineminyaka eyizigidigidi ezingu-4.500 ubudala, kodwa umongo walo usebenzise ingxenye kuphela ye-hydrogen yalo. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakristalu e-hibonite angaphansi kwemilimitha ngobukhulu kwembule ubudala benkanyezi enkulu kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwelanga.
Kuthatha iminyaka engaba yizigidigidi eziyi-10, izinkanyezi ezifana neLanga zikhanya kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba ziphele. Lokhu kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani iLanga liphakathi nomjikelezo walo wokuphila.
ILanga liwakhiqiza kanjani amandla alo?
ILanga kuthiwa liyibhola legesi eshisayo eshisa kakhulu endaweni yalo engaphakathi. Ngokukhethekile, lokhu kubhekisela engxenyeni ephakathi yeLanga. Irediyasi yalo evela eLangeni ingama -radii elanga angaba ngu-0,2 , okwenza lishise kakhulu ngokwezindinganiso zezinkanyezi. Eqinisweni, liyi-reactor enkulu ye-athomu enamazinga okushisa afinyelela kuma-degrees ayizigidi ezingu-15.
Ingxenye yesithathu kwezine yobukhulu beLanga yakhiwe ngama-athomu e-hydrogen . Futhi umongo wenuzi uqukethe i-hydrogen eningi kunanoma yisiphi esinye isifunda. Ama-athomu e-helium alula akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-athomu amabili e-hydrogen.
Ngaphambi kokuba i-helium itholakale eMhlabeni, yayitholakala eLangeni. Igama lale nto livela kunkulunkulu wamaGreki uHelios , owayenendima yokukhulekela ilanga.
Ekupheleni kokuguqulwa kusuka ku-hydrogen kuya ku-helium, ingxenye encane ye-compound isala. Izixuku ezingu-0,7% ziguqulwa zibe amandla ngokuvumelana nefomula ye-Einstein yento.
ILanga liguqula inani lama-proton eliwaqukethe izikhathi ezingu-3.400 libe yi-helium nuclei njalo ngomzuzwana. Le nqubo ikhiqiza cishe ama-watts ayizigidigidi ezingu-3.860 . Njalo ngomzuzwana, kukhiqizwa amathani ayizigidi ezingu-582 zegesi ye-hydrogen.
Ukuguqula i-helium kusuka ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kudinga amathani ayizigidi ezi-5 zezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ibhomu lenuzi lilinganisa cishe ama-megaton angu-90 wamandla. Ngakho-ke, lingakhiqiza isilinganiso samandla acishe abe yizigidigidi eziyi-9 zama-megaton.
Izikhala zelanga
Amasimu kazibuthe adalwe azungeze ilanga ngokusebenzisa imisinga kagesi ejikeleza izinto ezi-ionized ezizungeze imbulunga. Njengoba ilanga lijikeleza futhi lidala i-convection, imigqa kazibuthe idlula ngokwemvelo ebusweni balo. Lapho le migqa kazibuthe icindezelwa bese inwetshwa, ibangela ushintsho lwengcindezi ezindaweni ezithile elangeni. Le migqa yamandla elanga igoba ibe yizimo ze-sinuous, figurehead, futhi lezi zindawo ezimbili zihlukaniswa yindawo yesithathu, engathathi hlangothi. Izici ezimbi zemagnetism zikhona ezifundeni ezichazwe kulo mbhalo.
Indawo engakhanyi kakhulu futhi emnyama kakhulu kuneyakha i-epiphase, eveza i -photosphere . Izindawo ezimnyama ze-photosphere zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi amabala elanga . Ukukhanya okulinganiselwe okulinganiswa ngakho kungu- 4200 K. Lokhu kwanqunywa ngokukuqhathanisa nokukhanya okungu-5800 K. Lawa mabala avame ukuvela ngamabili noma ngamaqembu amaningana. Avame ukuvela kanye nesithombe esibi. Futhi lesi simo siyaqhubeka amasonto amaningana.
Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwenkanyezi iLanga lube wusizo kuwe.