Indaba yekoloni elilahlekile laseRoanoke ingenye yezimfihlakalo ezihehayo nezixakayo emlandweni waseMelika wokuqala. Ngo-1587, iqembu lezifiki ezingamaNgisi elaliholwa nguJohn White lasungula ikoloni esiqhingini saseRoanoke, esisendaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iNorth Carolina. Kodwa-ke, lapho uMhlophe ebuya ohambweni oluya eNgilandi ngo-1590, wathola ikoloni lingenalutho, kungekho zimpawu zokulwa noma incazelo ecacile. Okuwukuphela kwento abayishiye ngemuva kwakungamagama aqoshwe esigxotsheni: "Croatoan" kanye "Cro" esihlahleni esiseduze.
Lesi sigijimi esiyimfihlakalo siye sadida izazi-mlando nabavubukuli amakhulu eminyaka. Ngakho-ke, emigqeni embalwa elandelayo sikunikeza intuthuko ebanzi kuyo I-Croatoan Mystery kanye ne-Lost Colony yase-Roanoke: I-Historical Enigma ukuthi uzothanda ukwazi.
Umongo womlando: I-Roanoke nemizamo yokuqala yokwenza ikoloni
Umlando kaRoanoke waqala ngo-1585 lapho uSir Walter Raleigh ethumela umkhankaso eRoanoke Island, esisogwini olusempumalanga lwalokho manje osekuyi-United States. Abahlali babhekane nezinselelo eziningi, okuhlanganisa izingxabano nabantu bomdabu bendawo kanye nokushoda kwezinto. Isimo saqala ukungathandeki, futhi abakhi bamakoloni bacela usizo eNgilandi.
Ngo-1587, uJohn White wahola uhambo lwesibili oluya eRoanoke ngethemba lokusungula ikoloni elisimeme.. Phakathi kwalezi zifiki kwakunabesifazane nezingane, okuphawula okokuqala ngqa lapho kwenziwa umzamo wokumisa ikoloni elihlala njalo eZweni Elisha elinemikhaya ephelele. Nokho, isimo saba sibi ngokushesha, futhi uWhite wabuyela eNgilandi efuna izinto ezibalulekile.
Ukubuya kukaJohn White kanye nokutholakala okulimazayo
UWhite wabuyela eRoanoke ngo-1590, kodwa akuthola kwamshiya edidekile futhi ecindezelekile. Ikoloni lase linyamalale kungaziwa muntu. Kwakungekho zimpawu zokulwa futhi kungekho zimpawu ezicacile zokuthi lezi zifiki zaziyephi. Okuwukuphela kwento ayithola kwakuyimibhalo engaqondakali: «Croatoan» kanye «Cro» eqoshwe esigxotsheni kanye esihlahleni.
Ukuntuleka kolwazi nokuphuthuma kokuthola izimpendulo kwaholela uWhite ukuba ahlele uhambo lokuya esiqhingini saseCroatoan, esasihlalwa isizwe somdabu esinegama elifanayo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesimo sezulu nezinye izithiyo, lolu hambo aluzange lufike lapho lwaluya khona, lushiya impicabadala ingaxazululeki.
Imibono nokuqagela: bashonephi abahlali baseRoanoke?
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izazi ziye zakha izinkolelo-mbono ezihlukahlukene ukuze zembule isiphetho esingaqondakali sezifiki zaseRoanoke, kodwa ayikho ekwazile ukunikeza impendulo eqinisekile kule mfihlakalo yomlando.
Omunye wemibono eyamukelwa kakhulu usikisela ukuthi lezi zifiki zazihlangene nesizwe samaCroatoan ukuze zifune usizo nokuvikelwa.. Ukubhalwa kwegama elithi "Croatoan" eposini, ngokwalo mbono, bekungashiywa ngamabomu njengomkhondo, okubonisa isiqondiso lapho izifiki zilibangise khona ziyofuna indawo yokukhosela nokusekelwa.
Omunye umugqa wokuqagela ukhomba ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amakholoni athatha uhambo oluyingozi phakathi nezwe emzamweni onzima wokusungula ikoloni elisha. Kodwa-ke, ubunzima bendawo ezungezile kanye nobutha obungaba khona babantu bomdabu bendawo bekungaholela ekunyamaleni kwayo endaweni engaziwa.
Le mibono, nakuba ihlaba umxhwele, iveza ubunkimbinkimbi bempicabadala ye-Roanoke, igqamisa ukuntuleka kobufakazi obuphelele obungasekela incazelo eqinisekile yesiphetho salezi zifiki.
Ukubaluleka Kwamasiko e-Croatoan
Igama elithi "Croatoan" aliyona nje into eyinhloko kumfihlakalo ye-Roanoke, kodwa futhi linokubaluleka kwamasiko emlandweni wezizwe zomdabu zakulesi sifunda. AmaCroatoan ayeyisizwe esinobungane futhi ebambisene nezifiki ezingamaNgisi, futhi ubuhlobo babo kungenzeka baba nomthelela esinqumweni salezi zifiki sokufuna isiphephelo phakathi kwabo.
Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, izazi zemivubukulo kanye nezazi ze-anthropologists zihlole amasayithi ase-Hatteras Island nasezisizungezile, ikhaya lasendulo lesizwe samaCroatoan, befuna ubufakazi obungase buveze isiphetho sokugcina sezifiki zaseRoanoke.
Ucwaningo lwamanje
Ukutholwa kwemivubukulo e-Roanoke Island
Njengamanje, kwethulwe uchungechunge lwamaphrojekthi ocwaningo ahloselwe ukuxazulula impicabadala eyinkimbinkimbi yeCroatoan. Njengoba sisanda kushiwo, Uphenyo oluningi lwemivubukulo kanye ne-anthropological lwenziwe esiqhingini sase-Hatteras nendawo esizungezile.
Umsebenzi wensimu onzima owenziwa endaweni ekugcineni uveza ukukhanya okusha ngemfihlakalo yekoloni elilahlekile laseRoanoke. Amaqembu ochwepheshe ahlola ngokucophelela isifunda, esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nezindlela zesimanje zokumba ukuze bathole imikhondo engaba khona yokuba khona kwezifiki. Le mizamo igxile ezindaweni ezithile okungenzeka ukuthi zabona ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezifiki kanye nesizwe samaCroatoan. Abavubukuli bafuna izinto zobuciko, izakhiwo nanoma yibuphi ubufakazi obungase bunikeze izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nesiphetho sokugcina salawo maphayona eZwe Elisha.
Ngokumbiwa okusha ngakunye, ithemba liyakhula ukuze livuleke indida yamakhulu eminyaka ezungeze ikoloni elilahlekile futhi linikeze izimpendulo eziye zaphunyuka ezizukulwaneni ezidlule zabacwaningi.
Imfihlakalo ehlala njalo
Naphezu kwemizamo eqhubekayo yokudalula iqiniso ngemuva kwekoloni elilahlekile laseRoanoke negama elithi "Croatoan," imfihlakalo isaqhubeka. Ukushoda kobufakazi obuqand' ikhanda kanye nokungabi bikho kwamarekhodi omlando anemininingwane kushiye lesi siqephu njengesinye sezingqinamba ezihlala isikhathi eside zomlando waseMelika wokuqala.
Ifa lekholoni elahlekile ye-Roanoke kanye negama elithi "Croatoan" liyaqhubeka nokuthatha umcabango walabo abathatheka ngezimfihlakalo zomlando. Njengoba ucwaningo lwemivubukulo nobuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kunethemba lokuthi ngelinye ilanga iqiniso elibangela le mpicabadala engaxazululiwe liyotholakala. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, imfihlakalo yaseCroatoan isalokhu iyisikhumbuzo sokuthi kungakanani esingakakwazi mayelana nesikhathi sethu esidlule nezindaba ezilindele ukwembulwa.
Okwamanje, futhi ngenkathi uphenyo luqhubeka, Kufanele samukele kuphela imfihlakalo yeCroatoan kanye nekoloni elahlekile yase-Roanoke: impicabadala yomlando esendleleni eya esixazululweni osekukudala silindelwe.