Izibani ezisenyakatho ziyizenzakalo ezimangalisayo ezihlobisa isibhakabhaka sasemhlabeni ngenxa yombukiso ababewenza ngaleso sikhathi. Kuningi osekushiwo ngazo selokhu zatholwa, ziyizinto ezifundwa njalo. Kodwa wake wazibuza, ingabe zikhona ngale koMhlaba? I-Rosetta Mission ingawuphendula lowo mbuzo.
Injongo ngayinye yesikhala ihlose ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana nezici ezithile ze-cosmos nezinto eziyakhayo. Isibonelo salokhu ama-comets adumile futhi ahlonishwa kakhulu, amabhizinisi adlulayo angaqondakali anezici ezingapheli ezingatholwa. Okunye okusanda kutholwa yizibani zayo ezisenyakatho, kodwa ingabe kuyiqiniso ngempela?
Ungase futhi ube nentshisekelo esihlokweni sethu: Izibani zaseNyakatho: Ziyini futhi zakhiwe kanjani?
I-Rosetta Mission: Isibopho esibalulekile esiphakanyiswe yi-ESA
Umthombo: The Confidential
Nge inhloso eyinhloko yokufunda inkanyezi enomsila 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, lo I-European Space Agency, yethulwa ngo-2004, i-Rosetta probe. Umklamo wakhe wawunemojula elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukubhekana nenkanyezi enomsila okukhulunywa ngayo, evimbela umonakalo ongase ube khona.
Ekuqaleni, indawo eyinhloko ye-Rosetta Mission yayiyinkanyezi enomsila ehlukile kunaleyo eyayihleliwe, kodwa ngenxa yezinkinga zokwethulwa, lo mcimbi wahlehliswa. Khona-ke, ngokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo, uphenyo lwasemkhathini lwalulungele ukuqala futhi. Kulokhu, ngenhloso entsha yokwenza ucwaningo.
Lesi siphakamiso sasihlanganisa hlangana nenkanyezi enomsila eshiwo ngenhla phakathi konyaka ka-2014 no-2015 ngokulandelana. Uma isisendaweni yaleli bhizinisi le-cosmic, imojula eshiwo ngenhla, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Philae, izothumela ithimba elikhulu lokuhlola.
Ngokusebenzisa izinsimbi ezakha iqembu eliyinhloko, umbono wawuwukuqoqa inani elikhulu lezinto ezibonakalayo nolwazi ku-67P. Ngasiphi isiphetho? thola izinto zokwakha, amagesi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zenhlanganisela ejwayelekile yenkanyezi enomsila ngenhloso yokufunda.
Impumelelo ye-Rosetta Mission izophawula ingqophamlando emphakathini wesayensi, njengoba umgomo onjalo wokuvelela wawungakaze ubekwe ngaphambili. Ngokuqinisekile, okuwukuphela kwezibonelo ezaziwayo, kwakungamampukane avamile ezungeza umzila wenkanyezi enomsila, kodwa akukho okwasungula othintana naye ngokuqondile.
Wonke ama-comets ahlala emsulwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwesimiso sonozungezilanga, okungukuthi, awakaze abhekane nokushintshashintsha kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Futhi noma benazo, ziyindlala; ngakho-ke, ukujula kuzo kuyisinyathelo esikhulu sokudlulela ngalé kwesihloko sentaba yeqhwa phakathi kolwandle olukhulukazi.
Izibani ZaseNyakatho: Ithuba Elitholwe yi-Rosetta Mission
Iqiniso elidlulele ophenyweni kwaba ukubonakala kwezithombe ze-electromagnetic kunzwa ye-ultraviolet ye-probe. Kuze kube manje, okuwukuphela kwezinhlangano ezazikwazi ukukhipha le mibukiso ye-cosmic kwakungamaplanethi noma izinyanga kanjalo.
Kodwa-ke, okumangazayo kwabaningi, ama-Northern Lights cishe akhona kuma-comet. Ngenxa yokutholwa kophenyo lwe-Rosetta, umkhathizwe omusha utholwe cishe ngokungalindelekile, kodwa ungaba ovumayo.
Ekuqaleni, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi "i-coma" evamile yenkanyezi enomsila, kodwa ekucwaningeni okwengeziwe ngendlela eyakhiwa ngayo, isiphetho sasihlukile. I-Glow around comet 67P yahlukaniswa njengeyingqayizivele, into engakaze ibonwe kulolu hlobo lwebhizinisi. Ngokuvamile, ilandela cishe inqubo yokwakheka efanayo nezibani zasenyakatho kuplanethi enguMhlaba.
Ngokwayo, ukufingqa kancane konke ukusabela okwenzekayo, ngokuyisisekelo umoya nezinhlayiya zelanga Bashaya insimu kazibuthe yomhlaba ngesivinini esikhulu. Lezi zinhlayiya zishajwa ngogesi, ukuze, ngesikhathi sokushayisana, kube nomphumela wokukhanyisa owaziwa kabanzi ngabaningi.
Ukusebenzisa le mibono ku-comet, umehluko kuphela ozwakalayo ukuthi lezi zinhlayiya zelanga angqubuzane ngqo namagesi "ekhoma". Okusho ukuthi, umoya welanga, okhokhiswa ama-electron, uthinta ngokuqondile ukukhishwa kwegesi ye-67P-CG.
Umphumela uba "ukuphuka" kwamanzi nezinye izakhi ezikhiqiza umphumela othile wezibani zasenyakatho. Le ndaba iyasiza yazi isimo sezulu sezulu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwayo endaweni ebandayo, esebenza njengebhuloho lokuvikela izimishini zesikhathi esizayo.
Uloyisiwe ngetimu? Ngena kokunye okutholakele ku-Rosetta Mission!
Umthombo: The Confidential
Uma uthuswe ukuthi i-Northern Lights ikhona kuma-comets, linda uze uthole lonke ulwazi olubuyiswe yi-Rosetta. Kodwa-ke, akuyona into elula, njengoba, okokuqala, i-ESA yagxekwa kanzima ngenxa yokuntuleka kwayo obala. Idatha ebiqoqwa uphenyo lwe-Rosetta azishicilelwanga ngemininingwane, okwandisa ukunganeliseki phakathi koquqaba.
Yebo, kwakunezinsolo zokuthi okutholwe yi-Rosetta Mission akuzange kudalulwe ngokugcwele kwaze kwaba yisikhathi esithile ngemva kokuhlaziya ngenxa yepolitiki yangaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, yilokhu kanye okwaziwayo ngenxa yokusebenzisana kweNASA njengamanje.
Impikiswano mayelana nemvelaphi yamanzi emhlabeni
Imibono ehlukahlukene kanye nemibono ibamba ukuthi amanzi asemhlabeni wehla emthelela wama-asteroids asendulo kanye nenkanyezi enomsila ngokumelene nobuso beplanethi. Kodwa, lapho kucutshungulwa ukwakheka kwamanzi enkanyezi enomsila, umphumela otholiwe wabhubhisa ngokuphelele isisekelo sokuqala.
Izingxenye emanzini ka-67P zihluke ngokuphelele kulezo ezitholakala eMhlabeni, ngakho-ke i-spectrum yemvelaphi yayo incishisiwe. Manje, kunenkolelo yokuthi amanzi avela ikakhulukazi kuma-asteroids. Lokhu okutholakele kuhlobene futhi nocwaningo lwe izimo zezinye izinto zasezulwini.
Ingabe izinkanyezi ezinomsila zinendawo yazo kazibuthe?
Enye inkolelo-mbono eyayibambelele ngokuqinile kwakuyinkolelo yokuthi izinkanyezi ezincane ze-cosmic ezifana nenkanyezi enomsila zinendawo yazo kazibuthe. Ngokushesha yanqatshwa ngokuhlolwa okwenziwe imojula ye-Philae, ephetha ngokuthi ukuphela kukazibuthe okwakukhona yilowo okhiqizwa umoya welanga.
Ingabe izinkanyezi ezinomsila ziyimbangela yemvelaphi yokuphila? Yilokhu okwaziwayo!
Phakathi kokunye okutholwe yi-Rosetta Mission, kodwa okungabalulekile kangako, kwakuyizinto zofuzo ezibalulekile ekuphileni. Ngaphakathi kokwakhiwa kwe-comet 67P, i-amino acid ebalulekile yokuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni yatholakala, njenge-Glycine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Imivubukulo ibonisa ukuba khona kwe-phosphorus, inhlanganisela ebalulekile yolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana kanye ne-DNA ngokujwayelekile.
