Imvelo ibe nezinguquko ezinkulu kanye nokwehluka, okuye kwafakwa engozini futhi yachayeka ngokuphelele kumthelela omkhulu. Kulesi sihloko uzothola ezinye izibonelo zomthelela kwezemvelo, izimbangela zakho, imiphumela nokunye okuningi.
Uyini umthelela kwezemvelo?
Umthelela wemvelo yizo zonke izinguquko imvelo okufanele ibhekane nazo ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, njengokungcoliswa komhlaba, imisebenzi yezimboni, intuthuko yesayensi kanye nezehlakalo zemvelo, okungukuthi, izinhlekelele zemvelo.
Zonke izenzo zomuntu ziyohlale zinomthelela kokuthile, okusho ukuthi kuzoba nemiphumela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi nganoma yisiphi isenzo noma ithonya, indawo ezungezile ingasizwa noma ilimale.
Ukukhuluma ngomthelela wemvelo kubhekiselwa esifundweni esifundwe futhi saphathwa emhlabeni wonke, lokhu kungenxa yobunzima bezemvelo okwenzeka kuyo yonke iplanethi ngenxa yesomiso esiqhubekayo, ukulimala kongqimba lwe-ozone nomhlabathi, lokhu kuba umphumela wokungcola kanye nezizathu ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukuwohloka kwendawo ezungezile bekulokhu kuthiwa kubangelwa umuntu, nokho, umthelela wemvelo nawo ungenxa yezimbangela zemvelo. Imvelo yiyo yonke into esizungezile, lena indawo lapho zonke izinto eziphilayo zikhula futhi zithuthuke.
Indawo lapho wonke umuntu angahlanganyela khona futhi lokhu kuhlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene, njengezilwane, izitshalo, nabantu, ngaphezu kwazo zonke lezo zici ezenziwe umuntu, njengesiko lezenhlalo, ukufudukela emadolobheni kanye namasiko ahlukene umuntu anawo. .
Lokhu kusho ukuthi indawo ezungezile ifanekisela konke, kusukela kwemvelo kuya kulokho okudalwe isintu. Nakuba, izinguquko imvelo eye yahlupheka futhi ihlupheka nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokungenelela komuntu.
Izinhlobo zomthelela kwezemvelo ezikhona
I-Los Izinhlobo zomthelela kwezemvelo, zihlukaniswa ngokwemiphumela ebangelwe yilezi zenzo emvelweni, okungaba imiphumela emihle nemibi.
Umthelela omuhle kwezemvelo
Umthelela omuhle yilowo ozuzisa imvelo futhi ofuna intuthuko evimbela noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga engase iphakame futhi okwamanje ethinta imvelo, ukuze ngale ndlela ivinjwe ukuba ibe yimbi kakhulu.
Ngenxa yethonya elihle, kuye kwaba nezinguquko eziningi ezizuzisa kakhulu iplanethi engumhlaba, lapho izenzo ezinhle zomuntu zingenasici ekuvuneni indawo ezungezile.
Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqamisa ukuthi imithelela emihle yezemvelo, ngeshwa, ayihlali isikhathi eside, futhi lesi yisizathu sokuthi kungani kudingekile ukugcina ukuziphatha okufanele neplanethi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njalo uzama ukukhuthaza ukuqwashisa kubo bonke abantu. .
Izibonelo zomthelela omuhle kwezemvelo
Njengabanye izibonelo zomthelela kwezemvelo okuhle, singathola izenzo ezihlukene ezixhumene ngokuqondile nemvelo, ezisiza kahle iplanethi yonke yomhlaba nalapho eziningi zalezi zenzo ezinhle zivela kumuntu. Izibonelo zomthelela omuhle zifaka okulandelayo:
- Ukunakekela amapaki nezindawo eziluhlaza: Ukunakekela, ukunakekela, ukuvikela, ukutshala kabusha amahlathi, kanye nokutshala lezi zindawo kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo, njengoba lezi zibonelo zizosiza imiphakathi ukuba ithuthuke, ihlobise, futhi inikeze namaphaphu amasha aluhlaza emvelweni.
- Ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwemfucuza: Uma bonke abantu benza kahle le misebenzi emibili emakhaya abo, njengengxenye yomkhuba wabo wansuku zonke, khona-ke lokhu kungase kube nomthelela omkhulu emvelweni, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukukhishwa kwegesi ngezinga elikhulu. Izinkinga zemveloNgakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza lezi zibonelo, ukuze abantu bazenze njalo futhi ngale ndlela, zingabi yimiphumela yesikhashana kuphela.
- Ukukhula kwentshisekelo yemvelo:Kubalulekile ukukhuthaza intshisekelo yabantu ku-ecology, yingakho njengamanje singabona izindawo eziningi, njengezitolo ezinkulu namabhizinisi, zigcina imikhiqizo yemvelo kanye ne-biodegradable, njengoba lena idingeka kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, zonke lezi zenzo zinomthelela omuhle endaweni ezungezile.
- Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe kwezemveloUbuchwepheshe akulona nje ithuluzi elenza ukuphila kube lula kubantu, kodwa futhi bunikeza izinzuzo ezinhle kakhulu kumthelela wemvelo. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngalokhu, ungavakashela isihloko sethu ku- ukuphathwa kwemvelo.
Umthelela omubi kwezemvelo
Manje, umthelela omubi wemvelo ubangele umonakalo omkhulu engxenyeni enkulu yezinto zemvelo, okuletha imiphumela engathi sína kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni, kokubili manje nasesikhathini esizayo.
Umthelela ongemuhle kwezemvelo uphambene ngokuphelele nalowo omuhle, futhi njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, kokubili abantu kanye nemvelo ngokwayo yibo ababangele le miphumela emibi, ebangela ukuba umhlaba uhlupheke kakhulu.
Ngokudabukisayo, imiphumela eminingi yomthelela omubi wemvelo ayinakushintshwa futhi inemiphumela ehlala njalo, eyenza kungenzeki ukululama noma ukuxazulula ngokushesha. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube nemithelela emihle kwezemvelo eyenziwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ivuselelwe futhi ithuthuke ngokuqhubekayo.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso enkulu yokuthi bangasiza ekulinganiseni imiphumela emibi eyenzeka endaweni ezungezile. Imithelela engemihle kwezemvelo yilezo zinguquko emvelweni eziyithinta kabi, kanye nempilo yabantu.
Imithelela engemihle kwezemvelo isho iqoqo lezinguquko ezikhiqizwa endaweni ezungezile futhi ezingaba yingozi kakhulu, ngoba isimo sayo semvelo siyashabalala, ngaleyo ndlela kulimaze zonke izimo zemvelo futhi kubangele izinkinga empilweni yomuntu, ukwanda kwezifo futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Izibonelo zomthelela omubi kwezemvelo
Umthelela ongemuhle kwezemvelo ungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza iplanethi enguMhlaba ibe sengozini kangaka ngaphezu kwalokho, izici eziqinisa umthelela omubi emhlabeni zanda nsuku zonke, okudala ukulandelana kwezenzakalo ezingathandeki ekuphileni okuqhubekayo emhlabeni.
I-Los izibonelo zomthelela kwezemvelo ezithinta kabi iplanethi yomhlaba, yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Umsebenzi wezimboni: Ngeshwa, umsebenzi wezimboni udala umthelela omubi ongemuhle kwezemvelo, lapho umuntu ebengumlingiswa wayo, ngoba lezi zenzo ziye zabangela ushintsho olukhulu emvelweni futhi ziye zathinta indawo yokuhlala yezidalwa eziphilayo ezingenakubalwa, okubangela lezi zibonelo zomthelela wemvelo ongenakuhlehliswa. .
- Ukungcola: Ukunukubezeka kwemvelo nakho kudale umthelela omubi obalulekile kwezemvelo, okuphinde kubangelwe ukungaphathwa kahle kokuchitheka, imfucuza, noma izingozi zezimboni, kanye nokuntula ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kwabantu, lapho imiphumela eyinhloko kube ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokwanda kwezifo noma izinkinga zempilo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi sihloko, ungabona isihloko sethu ku izinkinga zemvelo eMelika.
- Izinhlekelele zemvelo: Enye yefayela le- izibonelo zomthelela kwezemvelo Ziyizinhlekelele zemvelo, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, njengoba imvelo nayo inengxenye yalokho okube yimiphumela emibi emhlabeni, lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko, ukunyakaza kanye nezinguquko ezinobudlova uMhlaba ozenzayo ngokungalindelekile.
- Ukungabi nentshisekelo emfundweni yezemveloEsinye sezibonelo ezingathi sína ukuntula isithakazelo kwabantu ekufundeni ngemfundo yezemvelo kanye nemiphumela engathi sína yezemvelo iplanethi ebhekene nayo. Ngeshwa, kunengxenye enkulu yabantu abangenantshisekelo yokufunda ukuthi ingagwenywa kanjani le miphumela, noma ukuba nentshisekelo eyengeziwe yokunakekela nokuvikela indawo ezungezile. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, ungabheka isihloko sethu ku ukubaluleka kwemfundo yezemvelo.
Umthelela oqondile nongaqondile kwezemvelo
Imithelela eqondile yezemvelo ibhekisela kubo bonke abangase babonakale ngemva kokuphela kwesenzo sabo, isibonelo salokhu kungaba izinhlekelele zemvelo, ezibhubhisa ngokushesha zonke izindawo ezidlula kuzo, ukuze kubonakale ngokushesha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imithelela engaqondile yezemvelo ithatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukubonwa ngakho ingathathwa njengomonakalo wesibili. Isibonelo siwukulimala kongqimba lwe-ozone, okuye kwanqwabelana kancane kancane izinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zeminyaka izinkinga zemvelo, kwawohloka ukwakheka kwayo.
Ezinye izibonelo zomthelela wendawo
Osukwini lwethu nosuku singabona imiphumela eminingi engemihle esiyibangela endaweni ezungezile, nakuba eminye ingaphawuleki kangako, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iyini:
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kubangelwa ikakhulukazi udoti kanye nezinto ezinobuthi, njengamakhemikhali, izinsimbi kanye nenye imfucumfucu ekhipha imisebe enqwabelana emathangeni amanzi ahlukene, ngaleyo ndlela kuphazamise imifula, amachibi ngisho nezilwandle.
Ukukhiqiza ukuchitheka kwamanzi angcolile kubantu abazungezile, okungabangela ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kanye nokunqwabelana okukhulu kukadoti emifuleni, okubangela umthelela omkhulu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinguquko emijikelezweni yamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo.
Ukungcola komkhathi
Ukunukubezeka komoya kuhlanganisa yonke indawo enegesi kanye nomkhathi ehlanganisa iplanethi, ethintwa amagesi ayingozi akhiqizwa ukushiswa kwama-hydrocarbon ezimotweni, kanye namagesi akhiqizwa izindawo zezimboni, amakhaya, neminye imithombo.
Zonke lezi zimo zingalimaza kakhulu ungqimba lwe-ozone, zidale umphumela obamba ukushisa, imvula eneasidi, nentuthu ethinta izizwe eziningi. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nemvula ene-asidi, ungavakashela isihloko sethu ku imvula eneasidi.
Izimpi
Ngenxa yokuhlukana kwamasiko, inkolo ngisho nemibono, umuntu uye wabangela izimpi eziningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eziningi ezingadingekile, eziphawule umlando wezizwe nawo wonke umhlaba, njengokusetshenziswa kwamabhomu enuzi.
Ngakho okubangela ukufa kwenani elikhulu labantu, kodwa futhi kuthonya yonke indawo ezungezile eyayisizungezile, lapho ezinye izindawo zingabuyiselwa khona, kodwa kwezinye zahlala njengezindawo ezingenayo inzalo ngokuphelele.
Ukuzingela nokulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Njengamanje, umhlaba uhlalwa ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezilwane, eziningi zazo eziwumthombo oyinhloko wokudla futhi ngenxa yalokhu, phakathi neminyaka ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokuzingela kuye kwaphawulwa, okubonisa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwengxenye enkulu yalezi zilwane. emhlabeni wonke.
Ezimweni eziningi zalezi zimo, umuntu uye wazizwa enomdlandla wokuzingela lezi zilwane, kuphela ngenxa yokufuna izindebe zezilwane ezithile, ikakhulukazi izikhumba, kanye nezimpondo noma izimpondo, izinhlobo ezingavamile, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziyizilwane ezitholakalayo. engasekho noma esengozini.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Kulokhu, sibhekisela ekuqedweni kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezisatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke, okuphinde kube isici esikhulu esibangela ukulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kokubili izitshalo nezilwane.
Ukuba nomthelela omubi ekukhiqizeni kwakho konke ukuphila kwezitshalo okunomthelela ekukhiqizweni komoyampilo emhlabeni, futhi, kukhiqize i-biomass namandla kwezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwedolobha
Ukwanda kwabantu kuye kwaletha ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu zasemadolobheni, ngaleyo ndlela kucekela phansi izindawo ezinkulu zemvelo ukuze kwenziwe ukwakhiwa, izindlu kanye nezindlela ezintsha.
Konke lokhu kuye kwabangela ukulahleka kwenhlabathi nokugawulwa kwamahlathi okubangela ukulahleka kwezindawo zokuhlala zemvelo kanye nemvelo, ukuze kudalwe amadolobha amasha aphakela ukungcoliswa komhlaba.
Izibonelo zokungcoliswa kwemvelo
Isintu yiso esiphethe ekudaleni intuthuko enkulu esintwini, nokho-ke, abaningi baye babangela umonakalo omkhulu endaweni ezungezile ngayo yonke imizwa, kuhlanganise nezenzo zansuku zonke ezilula nezingabalulekile ezingaba nomthelela omubi endaweni yethu.
Izenzo eziningi ezifana nalezi esizozigqamisa ngezansi yilezo ezisiza ukungcolisa imvelo ngaphandle kokuqaphela:
Ukusonga nokupakisha
Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-wrappers kanye nokupakishwa kukhulisa kakhulu inani lemfucuza nemfucuza, elikhula njalo ngosuku oludlulayo. Ngaleso sizathu, kungukuthi nsuku zonke kufanele sigxile ekusebenziseni izindlela ezinjengokusebenzisa kabusha imfucuza.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile
Kweminye imiphakathi ekwazi ukuthola amanzi njalo, abayinaki le nzuzo futhi bayisebenzise ngokweqile, ngokuvamile bayawachitha Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ugeza, umpompi ushiywa ugijima, ukhiqiza ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu nokulahlekelwa kwalolu ketshezi oluyigugu.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuhlale kunconywa ukuthi kugcinwe umpompi uvaliwe ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kusetshenziswane nokongiwa kwamanzi noma ukubuyisela okungase kusetshenziselwe ukunisela izitshalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
Ukukhula kwesibalo sabantu kuyanda nsuku zonke, lokhu kulethe izinkinga eziningi emhlabeni jikelele mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi, ngenxa yezidingo eziphezulu zikagesi, okubangele ukugcwala kwamandla futhi kugqugquzela ukungcoliswa kwezinto eziningi. umthombo ophehla ugesi.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-incandescent amalambu, asebenzisa amandla amancane, akhiphe izinto zikagesi, futhi acime izibani ezindaweni ezingadingeki.
Ukuhlukaniswa komthelela kwemvelo
Ngokulandelayo, imithelela engemihle kwezemvelo ingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngomthelela ewukhiqizayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi namandla okungenzeka abe nawo ukuze abuyele esimweni ngaphambi kokuthi kube nemiphumela:
- ephikelelayo: Kuwumthelela wesikhathi eside onemiphumela ehlala njalo, kokubili ngesikhathi nendawo.
- Kubuyiselwa: Lena imithelela lapho imvelo ingasimama khona, nakuba kungenjalo ngokuphelele, kungaba esikhathini esifushane, esimaphakathi noma eside.
- Okwesikhashana: Zihambisana nokuba yimithelela yesikhathi esifushane kanye nomthelela wesikhashana, ngakho-ke, imvelo ingabuyela esimweni sangaphambilini ebinaso ngaphambi komthelela.
- Okungenakuhlehliswa: Lena imithelela ekhiqiza umthelela unomphela nongenakuhlehliswa endaweni ezungezile.
Izihluthulelo zokugwema ukungcolisa imvelo
Iplanethi engumhlaba yakhiwe izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemvelo nezindawo, lapho ukuphila kwabo bonke abantu kwenzeka khona, iqiniso elilimaza ngisho nokusinda kwazo zonke izidalwa.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sifuna ukwenza izenzo ezifanele ezisivumela ukuba sinciphise zonke izizathu ezibangela ukungcola, okungenzeka kube khona ekuphileni kwansuku zonke komuntu futhi sisize ngokulondolozwa kwemvelo esizungezile.
Yingakho kufanele sikhuthaze Ukuqwashisa kwemvelo futhi sinciphise ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezikhwama zepulasitiki, sisebenzisa izikhwama ezenziwe ngezinto ezigaywa kabusha ezivame kakhulu namuhla, esingazisebenzisa ukuze sithenge ekhaya noma yimuphi umsebenzi owudingayo.
Uma kusetshenziswa izikhwama zepulasitiki, kunconywa ukuthi zigaywe kabusha futhi zisetshenziselwe okuthile okuwusizo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwazo.
Ukwengeza, umsindo nokungcola okubukwayo kunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amalambu okukhanya aphansi futhi unciphise ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukagesi.
Kubuye kuphakanyiswe ukudala amasimu ezithelo ezindlini nokutshala imifino, izithelo nezitshalo zokuhlobisa, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuthintana okuqondile nemvelo kanye nokulondolozwa kwayo.
Ngenxa yayo yonke le miphumela izenzo zomuntu ezingase zibangele emvelweni, kuyadingeka ukuba sibize ukunaka kwethu futhi sicabange ngalokho esingakwenza, ukuze sinikele iphesenti lethu lomthelela omuhle kwezemvelo.
Okuhambisana nazo zonke lezo zenzo ezingazuzisa imvelo, ezivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungisa yonke imiphumela emibi ekhiqizwa imisebenzi yabantu.
Imisebenzi ezuzisa imvelo
Ngezansi eminye yemisebenzi eminingi engasiza ekwehliseni umthelela wemvelo weplanethi futhi kuzuzise imvelo:
Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi
Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi kuyatuswa ukuthi kutshalwe kabusha izindawo ezithintekile kanye nokuvundisa umhlabathi ngendlela efanele ukuze kuhlinzekwe imisoco ezungeza ohlelweni, okungase kwandise izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwenhlabathi, nokusiza ekukhiqizeni i-biomass.
Ngaphezu kokukhuthaza ukumuncwa kokukhanya kwelanga, okunesibopho sokuthwebula isikhutha esikhishelwe emkhathini, lokhu bekuyoletha kuphela iminikelo nezinzuzo ezingasiza ukunciphisa umphumela we-greenhouse. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne- ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi kanye nezinzuzo zako, ungalandela isixhumanisi.
Ukunisela okuphumelelayo
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokunisela esezisungulwe ezindaweni eziningi, nalapho kusetshenziswa khona izindlela zokudonsa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindawo lapho kunesomiso esinde impela, ngaphezu kokwanda kanye nokwenza ngcono. ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, futhi wonge amanzi asetshenziswayo.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile
Ukuhlanza amanzi kuyanconywa futhi kubalulekile Lokhu kunomthelela omuhle kakhulu endaweni ezungezile, njengoba kuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabusha kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi, okubalulekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo eziphilayo, hhayi nje abantu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne- ukubaluleka kokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile, vakashela isihloko esibonisiwe.
Ukusebenzisa kabusha
Kubuye kunconywe ukusebenzisa izindlela zokugaywa kabusha, ezinenhloso yokuhlukanisa yonke imfucuza ngokuya ngokwakheka kwayo, ubuthi kanye nobude besikhathi, ukuze ukwazi ukuyisebenzisela futhi kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi lapho iwusizo, noma ukwazi ukuyibeka ngaphansi kwayo. ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngaphambi kokulahlwa ngempumelelo.
Okokugcina, kuyadingeka ukuthi sikwazi ukuqaphela ukuwohloka kwemvelo abantu abakwazi ukukukhiqiza endaweni yethu, kodwa-ke, sinekhono lokucabanga ngalesi simo, futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezisisiza ukulungisa umonakalo odalwe emhlabeni. .
