Izici Zokushiswa Kwelanga, Izingozi nokunye

Wake wazibuza ukuthi yiziphi izici zemisebe yelanga? Kulesi sihloko sinempendulo ekhonjisiwe yalokhu okuguquguqukayo okuthakazelisayo. Thola nathi izici zemisebe yelanga, yiziphi izingozi zayo, imiphumela nokunye okuningi.

Iyini imisebe yelanga?

Imisebe yelanga iqondwa njengalowo mthombo onamandla ovela ngaphandle komkhathi kuphela, wona uvela endaweni yonke eyiplanethi ilanga elikuyo. Imisebe okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla yenziwa ngenxa yokuhlangana kwe-nuclear enokuphila enkabeni yelanga. Le misebe yenuzi inomsebenzi wokukhiqiza uhlobo lwemisebe ye-electromagnetic ekwazi ukukhiqizwa kumaza wamagagasi. Iza ukusakazeka ngesivinini sokukhanya.

Amagagasi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amelela enye yezindlela eziyisisekelo zokudluliswa kwamandla. Igagasi libonakala ngokuvama kwalo, ubude balo kanye nesivinini salo, ubude begagasi ibanga eliphakathi kwama-crests, imvamisa iyinani lama-crests okwenzeka ngomzuzwana, kanti ijubane lamagagasi yijubane legagasi elilodwa. .

Isho ukuthini imisebe?

Imisebe ichazwa njengokudluliswa kwamandla akhishwa ngamagagasi kagesi owodwa noma amaningi. Lokhu kukhiqizwa kusuka ohlotsheni lomthombo oluhlinzeka ngemisebe ekhishelwa kwezinye izikhombisi-ndlela eziqondiswe ezingxenyeni eziningi.

Amagagasi wona, anamandla nekhono lokuwela futhi adlulele ngalé komkhathi weplanethi, angene emhlabeni. Wonke amagagasi ayakwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye namakhulu ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nambili. Kokubili ubude kanye nemvamisa ebonisa igagasi kudlulela ngokweqile ukuze kuchazwe okuguquguqukayo okulandelayo:

1. Amandla
2. Ukungena
3. Ukubonakala
4. Futhi amandla

I-solar njalo

Lesi sici sibhekisela enanini lamandla elanga akhishelwa emhlabeni. Lawo mandla angalinganiswa ngamayunithi esikhathi nangaphezulu. Le nqubo yenziwa isakhiwo esingaphezulu somkhathi endizeni evamile eqondile iqonde emisebeni evela enkanyezini yethu.

Izinhlobo zemisebe yelanga

Imisebe yelanga ibonakala ngokuqukatha izinhlobo ezi-3 ezaziwayo noma izitayela zemisebe, kucatshangelwa izici nemiphumela yazo, ngoba ngayinye yalezi inokubonakaliswa okuhlukile kwamandla. Lezi zihlukaniswa kanje:

1. Imisebe ehlinzeka, yenza lula futhi inikeze ukushisa. (Infrared)
2. Imisebe ekhipha futhi iveze ukukhanya (iyabonakala)
3. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet

Lezi izinhlobo ezintathu zemisebe esivame ukuyibona kalula, nokho, imisebe ye-ultraviolet ivamise ukuhlukaniswa kwezinye izigaba esizozisho ngokushesha, yilezi:

• Leyo misebe ekwazi ukungena kalula emkhathini wethu wasemhlabeni, le ibizwa ngokuthi; Imisebe ye-UV.
• Leyo misebe, ngokungafani neyangaphambili, eveza izinkinga ezinkulu zokungena emkhathini wethu. Lezi zibizwa nge-UVB

Lesi sigaba semisebe ye-ultraviolet sivame ukubonakala ngesigaba samagagasi amafushane, yingakho engakwazi ukungena emkhathini njengoba ungqimba lwe-ozone luvame ukulidonsa ngokushesha.

Izici zemisebe yelanga

Imisebe yelanga isakazwa phezu kobubanzi be-spectrum engavamile ukutholakala ku-frequency eyodwa, enombala oluhlaza okotshani, imisebe evelele kunazo zonke igxile ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo emaphethelweni omkhathi.

Ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwenza ingxenye encane ye- I-spectromagnetic spectrum, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu, futhi ngokwemvelo, kubalulekile nasemvelweni. Lokhu kumane kungenye yezinhlobo eziningi zemisebe kagesi.

Umzimba womuntu, kodwa hhayi iso lomuntu, ungakwazi ukubona ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe kagesi. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho sifinyelela okuthile okushisayo, imisebe ye-infrared ithwala amandla ento leyo esandleni sethu. Ngakho-ke inzwa yokushisa iwukuthola imisebe ye-infrared ngale kwe-radius ebonakalayo.

Uma siselangeni isikhathi eside sishaywa yilanga, imbangela yokungaphatheki kahle kwethu imisebe ye-ultraviolet. Ngale ndlela singaqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wethu futhi uthola imisebe ye-UV. Kunamafasitela amabili kuphela emisebe kagesi, ukukhanya okubonakalayo namaza omsakazo. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe zimuncwa, ziphelele noma ingxenye, umkhathi.

Imisebe ye-photosynthetic iyashintshashintsha ukusuka cishe kumakhulu amane kuya cishe amakhulu ayisikhombisa e-NM. Leli nani lilingana nemisebe ebonakalayo, ehunyushwa ngokuthi ama-40% emisebe evamile. Ngaphakathi kwale misebe kukhona ukuhlukana esizokubona ngezansi:

• Ibala elibomvu eliwolintshi lisuka kumakhulu amahlanu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kuya kwamakhulu ayisikhombisa nm
• Okuhlaza okungamakhulu amane namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kuya kwamakhulu amahlanu namashumi ayisithupha nm
• Okuphuzi kusuka kumakhulu amahlanu namashumi ayisithupha kuya kumakhulu amahlanu namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nm
• I-Blue-violet isukela kumakhulu amane kuya kwamakhulu amane namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nm
• Njengoba idlula emkhathini womhlaba, imisebe yelanga idlula:
• Ukuzindla
• I-refraction
• Ukungena

Ngale ndlela, esinye sezici eziyinhloko zemisebe yelanga ukuthi ihamba ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene, ukuze ingene futhi ifinyelele umgomo wokufinyelela indiza yasemhlabeni.

ibhalansi yemisebe

Nsuku zonke umhlaba ushaywa yiqhwa, cishe imizuzu engamakhulu ayishumi nane. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, umkhathi unesibopho sokuhlunga imisebe yelanga, uvumele ukudlula kwayo kuze kube yilapho inciphisa ukungena kwayo, okubangela imiphumela elandelayo:

• Iyakwazi ukuhlakaza imisebe ngenxa yokusabalalisa kanye nokuba khona kwamagesi akhona kuyo kanye namafu ayingxenye yesakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ine-nitrogen engu-78%, ivolumu ye-oksijeni engu-21%, amanye amagesi akhiwa yi-Aragon ngo-0,9% we-carbon dioxide no-0,03% namanani ahlukahlukene wamanzi. , kanye nothuli nezinye izinto ezincane ekumisweni. .
• Eminye yemiphumela ekhiqiziwe esingayibala ukumunca okuwela ekukhuleni kwezinga lokushisa, nokho lokhu kuvame ukuba kuncane kancane maqondana nokukhanya okubonakalayo, bese kuba sobala ngokuphelele ngokuphathelene nemisebe.
• Ingxenye enkulu yemisebe iyakwazi ukuwela futhi ingene emkhathini womhlaba ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka. Le misebe ekwazi ukungena kalula nangempumelelo ngokuphelele, ibizwa nge- net radiation. Ngakho-ke, amandla atholakala ngokugcwele ahambisana nokulinganiselwa kwengxenye yesine kuphela yamandla avamile akwazi ukukhishwa.

Nakuba ingxenye engezansi yomkhathi iyingxenye esichitha kuyo cishe sonke isikhathi sethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-troposphere, inogqinsi oluyisilinganiso esingamakhilomitha ayishumi nanye. Ifeza umsebenzi wokumunca imisebe ye-UV, futhi imunca umhwamuko wamanzi. Lokhu kusebenza ekwenzayo, ukuphatha ukuhlunga imisebe ye-UV, kumelela iqiniso elibaluleke ngempela lomjikelezo obalulekile wokuphila.

Ngabe imisebe yelanga iyithinta kanjani impilo?

Njengoba saziwa kithi, i izici zemisebe yelanga bayakwazi ukukhiqiza imiphumela emibi esithweni esibizwa ngesikhumba, somuntu. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi ukuchayeka elangeni kunamandla kangakanani, nokuthi amaza elanga anamandla angakanani esikhumbeni. Nansi eminye yomonakalo owenziwe:

• Imisebe ye-ultraviolet ngokujwayelekile ingaholela esikhumbeni somdlavuza wesikhumba somuntu.
• Ezinye izinkinga ezibangelwa imisebe yelanga umthelela wamehlo, njengoba ukuchayeka kwawo elangeni kungabangela izimo ezinkulu njengokulahlekelwa ukubona.
• Isikhumba siyisitho esithinteke kakhulu, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-ultraviolet kungadala umonakalo omkhulu, okuhumusheka kulezi zinguquko ezilandelayo:

1. Ukubomvu kwesikhumba
2. I-Manchas oscuras
3. Imibimbi

Ngenxa yokuvikelwa kongqimba lwethu lwe-ozone, ingxenye enkulu yemisebe ye-ultraviolet ayikwazi ukungena emhlabeni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukube besingenaso lesi sivikelo esibalulekile, umonakalo nemiphumela bekungaba kubi kakhulu. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, isayensi ikwazile ukusebenzisa imishini efakwe imishayo ye-laser ukuze iyisebenzisele ukuqeda nokuphulukisa amanxeba. Ngale ndlela, ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwelapha izifo ezilandelayo:

• psoriasis
• I-Vitiligo
• amaqhuqhuva esikhumba

Kuyini ukubaluleka kwemisebe yelanga?

Naphezu kwemiphumela ehlukene esiyichaze ngaphambilini ngemiphumela yemisebe yelanga, kuyadingeka ukugqamisa into ebaluleke ngempela mayelana nokuba khona kwayo empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yomhlaba jikelele. Phakathi kwezici esikwazile ukuzigqamisa ngokubaluleka kwayo, sizobala okulandelayo:

• Amandla elanga amele ukuguquguquka okubaluleke kakhulu: Amandla elanga angumthombo omkhulu wamandla futhi, ngakho-ke, injini ehambisa imvelo yethu. Amandla elanga esiwathola ngemisebe yelanga anesibopho ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ezicini ezibalulekile zokuphila njengalezi:
• I-Photosynthesis ezitshalweni: Ukugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa kweplanethi elihambisana nempilo yomoya. Amandla elanga afinyelela ebusweni bomhlaba makhulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10.000 kunamandla asetshenziswa sonke isintu okwamanje.

Ukube ukuba khona kwamandla ashiwo bekungakwazi ukungena endaweni ezungezile yeplanethi yethu, imiphumela ibiyoba nedumela elibi ngokuphelele, ngoba kufanele sicabangele ukuthi naphezu kwezici ezithile ngokuvamile ezenza ngemithelela emibi eyenziwa ngaphezu kwakho konke kumuntu. , kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi ukuba khona kwabo emhlabeni kunezinga elifanele kakhulu lokubaluleka.

Imisebe yelanga inezinzuzo ezinhle ezithanda ezinye izindlela zempilo yomuntu, phakathi kwazo esingabala:

1. Ukukhuthazwa kwe-Vitamin D
2. Isiza ukujikeleza kwegazi
3. Isiza ukuvuselela ingxenye yobuchopho elawula ukuma kwenhliziyo

Lezi ezinye zezinzuzo ezilethwa imisebe yelanga esintwini, ingasaphathwa eminye imiphumela emihle ekhiqizayo emhlabeni, okwandisa izinqubo zezolimo, ubunjiniyela, nakweminye imikhakha efana nezakhiwo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imelela omunye umthombo wamandla mayelana nokushisa kwamanzi.

Ngokungangabazeki, imiphumela enikezwa imisebe yelanga ihlakaniphe ngokuphelele futhi iyingqayizivele, engabonakali kuphela ngemiphumela yayo emhlabeni, kodwa futhi inikeza ezinye izimpawu ezinhle zezinqubo ezithile zemvelo zabantu. Ngakho-ke, isifundo sakhe siyathakazelisa futhi siphelele, ngenxa yabanye ososayensi ababaluleke kakhulu zomlando, njengo-Isaac Newton, namuhla siyazazi izinto eziguquguqukayo ezakha imisebe.