I-Las izindawo zemvelo zaseColombia Maningi futhi mahle kakhulu. Leli zwe laseNingizimu Melika linezifunda zemvelo eziyisithupha ezihluke kakhulu kwesinye. I-Colombia ibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe acebe kakhulu uma kuziwa ezicini zemvelo, njengoba eziningi zazo zihlukile futhi zingatholakala lapho kuphela.
Yiziphi izifunda zemvelo kanye neminyango yazo?
Into yokuqala okufanele siyazi ukuthi yiziphi izifunda zemvelo zaseColombia. Ngaphakathi kwensimu yaseColombia ungathola izifunda eziyisithupha zemvelo ezibonakala ngegeography yazo ehlobene eduze nesimo sezulu, i-hydrography, uhlobo lwezihlahla nezimila ezitholakala endaweni, inhlabathi nezinye izici ezibalulekile ohlotsheni lwesifunda. nokuthi itholakala kuleyo ndawo kuphela.
Manje asihlangane Zingaki izifunda iColombia?:
- Isifunda sase-Andean
- Isifunda sase-Amazon
- Isifunda seCaribbean
- Isifunda sasesiqhingini
- Isifunda sase-Orinoquía
- Isifunda sasePacific
Kahle kahle, njengoba sesazi ukuthi izifunda zemvelo zaseColombia ziyini, kufanele sazi ukuthi zihlukaniswe iminyango ehlukene. Iminyango iwuqhekeko olwenziwa ngendlela yepolitiki-yezindawo-zokuphatha, lokhu kusho ukuthi umnyango ngamunye uzoba neqembu lepolitiki elizolisebenzisa elizobe liholwa umbusi.
Sizokwazi ukuthi yimiphi iminyango yesifunda ngasinye kweziyisithupha zemvelo zaseColombia:
- I-Andes: Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima kanye neValle del Cauca.
- I-Amazon: Amazonas, Caquetá, Guainía, Guaviare, Meta, Putumayo, Vaupés and Vichada.
- I-Caribbean: I-Atlántico, iBolívar, iCesar, iCórdoba, iLa Guajira, iMagdalena, iChocó (i-Acandí ne-Ungía), i-Antioquia ne-Sucre.
- I-Insular: San Andrés and Providencia, Bolívar (Rosario Islands), Bolívar (San Bernardo Islands), Cauca (Gorgona Island), Valle del Cauca (Malpelo Island).
- I-Orinoquía: I-Arauca, i-Casanare, i-Meta ne-Vichada.
- Ngokuthula: ECauca, eValle del Cauca, eChocó naseNariño.
Njengamanje, baningi amamephu wezifunda zemvelo zaseColombia ezingakuqondisa ukuze nazi ukuthi ngayinye yazo ikuphi.
Isifunda sase-Andean
Njengoba igama layo libonisa, lesi sifunda sihlobene eduze nezintaba zase-Andes. Ngokuvamile lezi Izifunda ZaseColombia Atholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngenxa yokhahlamba lwezintaba, ngakho isimo sezulu sazo singahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ikuphi. Kuyo ungathola izimo zezulu ezishisayo, ezishisayo nezipholile.
Uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zalesi sifunda, kufanele sigcizelele ukuthi kuhluke kakhulu futhi kuyingqayizivele, ngoba ungathola uhlaza olumila kuphela kulesi sifunda, kanye nezinye izilwane esingenakuzithola kwenye indawo ezweni ngisho nasezweni. umhlaba..
Phakathi kwezitshalo ezivame kakhulu esifundeni sase-Andean sinazo:
- Ama-orchids
- i-cinchona
- Isikhwama semali
Phakathi kwezilwane ezimele zalezi zindawo kukhona:
- Umzwilili
- ICondor
- impungushe ebomvu
Isifunda se-Amazon
Kulesi sifunda saseColombia, amazinga okushisa angafinyelela phakathi kuka-22 no-28° C, ngenxa yezimvula ezihlala zikhona kule ndawo. Ngenxa yalesi simo sezulu, ungathola amahlathi amaningi asezindaweni ezishisayo anezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane lapho kugqama khona izilwane ezihlala emanzini, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni zasezweni.
Izilwane ezivame kakhulu kulesi sifunda yilezi:
- AmaJaguares
- ama-macaws
- ama-toucans
- izingwenya
Isifunda seCaribbean
Kulesi sifunda sezwe, izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu, lifinyelela kalula ku-30 ° centigrade cishe unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke isimo sezulu saso siyindawo eshisayo. Kulesi sifunda sezwe, yilapho imvula enetha khona kancane, yingakho ithathwa njengenye yezindawo ezome kakhulu kulo lonke elaseColombia.
Manje, njengakunoma yisiphi isifunda, isimo sezulu singahluka kwezinye izindawo, yingakho endaweni yaseGuajira kungatholakala izici ezinjengogwadule, yingakho ukukhula kwe-cacti kungokwemvelo kakhulu kuleyo ngxenye yesifunda, ngokufanayo. , kuyindawo lapho amanzi engemaningi khona, empeleni ayindlala, kuyilapho ukushisa kunamandla kakhulu kunezinye izindawo esifundeni.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi ngokungafani neLa Guajira, esifundeni saseCaribbean singathola futhi iSierra Nevada de Santa Marta enendawo ephakeme kakhulu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ingadlula cishe kuwo wonke amazinga okushisa, kusukela ku-0 ° C kulokho okuphezulu kakhulu. indawo ye-cerra, ize ifinyelele ku-30 ° C esiketini esifanayo, okungukuthi, engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yohlu lwezintaba. Kule ndawo, izimvula ziningi ngesikhathi sekwindla, yingakho, ngaleso sikhathi, kungase kube nokwakheka kwemifula efika ku-20 noma engu-22.
Isifunda sasesiqhingini
Lesi sifunda sakhiwe kakhulu iziqhingi neziqhingi, amazinga okushisa angahluka kusuka ku-20 ° C aze afinyelele ngisho nakwesabekayo ku-40 ° C. Lesi sifunda sibonakala ngokuba somile, ngakho izimvula azibi kakhulu.
Lezi zinhlobo zezifunda zinokuthile okukhethekile kokuba ne-ecosystem ehlukahlukene engaba eshisayo ngisho nomhlume, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwamakhorali amahle kuhlala njalo.
Ezinye ze-ecosystem ezitholakala kakhulu kulesi sifunda yilezi:
- AmaMollusks
- izinkanyezi zasolwandle
- izipontshi zasolwandle
- Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene
Isifunda sase-Orinoquía
Kulolu hlobo lwesifunda ungathola isimo sezulu esomile kodwa esinamazinga okushisa afudumele. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, izimila zemvelo ziningi, ikakhulukazi ama-ceibas, izihlahla zesundu ze-moriche, utshani nezinye izinhlobo eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zalolu hlobo lwesifunda saseColombia zihluke kakhulu, izinhlobo zazo eziyinhloko ziyi:
- red corocora
- ukucwayiza okumnyama
- I-Boa constrictor
- UCaiman we-Orinoco
- IVenados
- ama-macaws
- Ingwe yaseBengal
- i-cotudo monkey
- Izinhlwathi
Lesi sifunda saziwa nangokuthi i-Los Llanos Colombianos, kuso singathola ubukhona boMfula i-Orinoco kanye nezimila ezihlala ziwumngcele. Indawo eyingqayizivele esingayithola kuphela kule ndawo yemvelo yase-Colombia.
Isifunda sasePacific
Lesi sifunda sinomswakama ophezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa elivame ukuba phakathi kuka-24 ° centigrade nyanga zonke. Ingesinye sezimo zezulu ezidume kakhulu endaweni yezokuvakasha ngenxa yokwehlukahlukana okukhulu enakho ezilwaneni zayo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingenye yezindawo ezingavamile futhi akuwona wonke amazwe emhlabeni anazo, kusukela lapho. zimbalwa kakhulu ezibalwayo.nohlobo lwesifunda olufana nalolu.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezibonakala kakhulu esifundeni sasePacific singathola:
- i-sperm whale
- Umkhomo We-Humpback
- Oshaka
- i-crappie
- Amakhamera
- Izinkalankala
- I-Anteater
- Ama-boar asendle
- i-monkey marmoset
- I-Tigrillo
- Ubuvila
- ingwenya yomfula
- Ukhozi
- Ukuhlukahluka kwezilwane ezihlala emanzini kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo
Uma sikhuluma ngezitshalo nezimila ezingatholakala kulesi sifunda sine:
- Umhlume omhlophe
- Umhlume omnyama
- Umhlume obomvu
- I-Piñuelo Mangrove
- Izintende
- i-mahogany yeqabunga elikhulu
- Fresno
- UFern
- hlanganisa
Kulesi sifunda singathola iziqiwu eziyisishiyagalombili ezihlukene umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukugcinwa nokugcinwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane ezikhona kulesi sifunda, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izilwane noma izitshalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eziningi zezinhlobo ezikhona njengamanje zisengozini enkulu yokushabalala.
Iyini iminyango yaseColombia nezinhloko-dolobha zayo?
Phambilini sike sakhuluma ngokusatshalaliswa komnyango endaweni ngayinye yemvelo yezwe. Kodwa-ke, sizofunda okwengeziwe ngesihloko futhi sizinwebe kancane, futhi sazi ukuthi yiziphi izihloko zazo ngayinye.
S singasho ukuthi iminyango yaseColombia yileyo kwamanye amazwe eyaziwa ngokuthi yizifundazwe noma izifundazwe futhi ezinenhlokodolobha yazo, ngaphezu kwalokho, inombusi wayo kanye neqembu lezepolitiki eliwulawulayo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kukamongameli we izwe .
Ngaphakathi kwensimu yaseColombia singathola iminyango engu-32. Ngamunye wabo unokuhlukahluka noma engxenyeni yomnotho wabo, amasiko abo futhi ikakhulukazi endaweni yabo. Esinye isici okufanele siyazi ngeminyango yaseColombia ukuthi eminye yayo inomasipala abambalwa, isibonelo kungaba yiCundinamarca, kanti eminye inomasipala owodwa kuphela.
Manje, sesizokwazi uhlu oluphelele futhi ngokulandelana kwezinhlamvu, ungazisiza ngokubona a imephu yaseColombia nezifunda zayo, ukuze wazi indawo yazo ngayinye:
| Umnyango | Capital |
| Amazon | Leticia |
| Antioquia | Medellin |
| I-Arauca | i-aracua |
| I-Atlántico | I-Barranquilla |
| I-Bogotá | I-Bogotá |
| I-Bolivar | Cartagena de Indiaas |
| I-Boyacá | UTunja |
| I-Caldas | manizales |
| I-Caquetá | Florencia |
| I-Casanare | I-Yopal |
| Cauca | I-Popayán |
| Caesar | Valledupar |
| I-Chocó | I-Quibdo |
| Córdoba | EMontería |
| Cundinamarca | I-Bogotá |
| IGuainía | I-Inírida |
| Guaviare | ISan José del Guaviare |
| Huila | UNeiva |
| La Guajira | I-Riohacha |
| Magdalena | Santa Marta |
| Meta | I-villavicencio |
| INariño | Amadlelo |
| Enyakatho ye-Santander | ICucuta |
| Putumayo | IMocoa |
| I-Quindío | Armenia |
| Risaralda | Pereira |
| I-San Andrés ne-Providencia | ISan Andrés |
| Santander | IBucaramanga |
| ushukela | Sincelejo |
| Tolima | Ngihambile |
| Valle del Cauca | Cali |
| Ama-Vaupés | UMitú |
| Vichada | IPuerto Carreño |
Amadolobha abaluleke kakhulu eColombia
Sizokwazi ukuthi yimaphi amadolobha abaluleke kakhulu endaweni yaseColombia.
Okulandelayo, sizoshiya uhlu olunamadolobha abaluleke kakhulu ngokwenyuka ngokulandelana, okungukuthi, ukusuka kwabaluleke kakhulu kuye kwalawo angabalulekile kancane:
- I-Bogotá
- Medellin
- Cali
- I-Barranquilla
- Cartagena de Indiaas
- ICucuta
- IBucaramanga
- I-villavicencio
- Santa Marta
- Valledupar
- Buenaventura
- Amadlelo
- manizales
- UNeiva