Izihlahla zibhekwa njengezinye zezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, hhayi nje ngenxa yokutholakala kwazo komoya-mpilo emhlabeni, kodwa nangenxa yobuhle bazo obukhulu.Kulokhu, ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla eziqhakazayo ziyagqama, ezichazwayo. esihlokweni esilandelayo, kanye nezici zayo.
Ziyini Izihlahla?
Igama elithi umuthi livela kwelesiLatini Arbor, i-arbŏris. Izihlahla zihambisana nesitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esikwazi ukuhlala iminyaka eminingi, futhi sakhiwe ngesiqu sokhuni, sinamagatsha anenkomishi. Izici zayo eziyinhloko zigxile ekubeni nezimpande, cishe amamitha angu-2 kuya ku-6 ukuphakama kanye nesiqu esingamasentimitha angu-10 ubukhulu, endebeni yaso sinezimbali nezithelo.
Izihlahla zibonakala ngokuphila izinkulungwane zeminyaka, njengoba icala le-sequoias ligqama, lifinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayikhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, zibhekwa njengezinhlobo zezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi zibalulekile kuso sonke isintu ngenxa yomthelela wazo omkhulu emvelweni.
Izihlahla zimelela ingxenye eyisisekelo yendawo yemvelo, ngoba zifeza enye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-biochemical ezifana ne-photosynthesis lapho zikhiqiza umoya-mpilo, oyingxenye ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokuphila emhlabeni, ngoba uhlanganyela ekunciphiseni isikhutha, ngaphezu kwalokho izihlahla zinesibopho sokuvikela ukuguguleka komhlabathi kanye namahlamvu avunyelwe ukuvikela ngesikhathi.
Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko izihlahla ezingaba nazo ezolimo kanye nokuhlelwa kwezindawo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezikhiqiza izithelo futhi zinikeze ubuhle bendawo. Ukuqokomisa iqiniso lokuthi ukuthola izinkuni kumelela enye yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibaluleke kakhulu kumuntu, ukuba izakhiwo ezivelele futhi njengomthombo wamandla. Futhi imele isici esibalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene okungenzeka ibe nokuhambisana okuphezulu njengezinkolo zomhlaba.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezihlahla eziyingxenye yemindeni ehlukene, izimo nobukhulu, ezikwazi ukukhula kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-ecosystem futhi zivumelane nezimo ezihlukahlukene zemvelo ezitholakala emhlabeni; Ukuqaphela ngezigaba jikelele labo babe khona izithelo nezimbali
Izihlahla Eziqhakaza
Izihlahla eziqhakazayo zihambisana nalezo zitshalo ezinezimbali ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu, ezinembewu embozwe isithelo esikwazi ukuvikela, ngalolu hlobo lomuthi kutholakala inani elikhulu lezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nemikhiqizo yemvelo. Zihambisana nolunye lwezinhlobo zezihlahla ezifunwa kakhulu ngumuntu ngemibala yazo egqamile, ubuhle kodwa futhi nezinzuzo zazo, ake sazi ezinye zezihlahla eziyinhloko ezinezimbali:
Izihlahla ezinezimbali ezibomvana
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezimbali ezizalwa ezihlahleni, ezinye ezinemibala engavamile kanti ezinye ezinemibala ebucayi njengezimbali ezibomvana, ezingamelela uthando nobumnandi, ake sazi ezinye zezihlahla ezaziwa kakhulu ezinezimbali ezibomvana. :
Cercis Siliquastrum (isihlahla sothando)
Isihlahla sothando yisihlahla esinezimbali ezibomvana ezidabuka eningizimu yeYurophu nase-Asia. Ungowomndeni wakwaFabaceae, ungaphinda ukhiqizwe ngembewu futhi wona awuzweli ngezikhathi zesomiso kanye nezinye zemvelo ezihlukene njengohlobo lwenhlabathi, isibonelo inhlabathi enomcako.
Iyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla luyizinhlobo ezifunwa kakhulu zokuhlobisa izingadi, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezincane zokuqondanisa, futhi zisetshenziselwa kakhulu umbala wazo ezikweleni. Iyaqhakaza futhi ngokujwayelekile isikhathi sayo sokuqhakaza sisentwasahlobo.
I-Lagerstroemia (isihlahla se-Jupiter)
Isihlahla seJupiter siwuhlobo lwesihlahla esingesomndeni wakwaLythraceae futhi sakhiwe ngezihlahlana nezihlahla ezakhiwe ngamahlamvu alula naphelele. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla lufana kakhulu nezihlahlana lapho lufinyelela khona cishe amamitha amahlanu ubude. Ihambisana nohlobo lwesihlahla esinamaqabunga, ingagcina ubuhle bayo ngisho nangaphandle kwamaqabunga ngenxa yombala wayo opinki ongavamile wamagxolo awo. Ngokujwayelekile inkathi yokuqhakaza kwayo iqala ngenkathi yasehlobo futhi iphele ngasekupheleni kwekwindla.
I-Albizia julibrissin (i-Constantinople acacia)
Isihlahla somtholo saseConstantinople siqhakaza phakathi kwezinyanga zikaJuni noJulayi. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla esinezimbali ezibomvana lungowomndeni wakwaMimosaceae, zaziwa ngokuthi zizwela, ziwuhlobo oludabuka e-Asia. Ngokuvamile ziyizinhlobo ezitshalwa emthunzini futhi ama-specimens kufanele ahlukaniswe futhi aqondaniswe. Amaqabunga awo anombala oluhlaza oqinile futhi anezimbali ezinombala obomvana ogqamile futhi anombala obomvu ekugcineni. Ingase yaziwa nangokuthi isihlahla sikasilika ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthamba kwawo wonke amacembe ezimbali.
Izihlahla Ezinezimbali Ezimhlophe
Zonke izimbali ezizalwa ezihlahleni, zibonakala ngokuba nezinhlobonhlobo zemibala ezenza zidume kakhulu, kulokhu singagqamisa izimbali ezimhlophe, lezi zinencazelo yobumsulwa nobumsulwa, ake sazi ezinye zazo. izihlahla ezinezimbali ezimhlophe ezaziwa kakhulu:
I-Magnolia grandiflora (i-Magnolia)
Isuka e-United States, isihlahla esinamaqabunga ahlala eluhlaza futhi saziwa kakhulu ngokuqhakaza kwaso okuchichimayo futhi esihlaba umxhwele kakhulu entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo. Amaqabunga awo anombala oluhlaza oshubile futhi okukhanga kakhulu izimbali zawo ezinkulu ezimhlophe. Ivamise ukusetjenziswa khulu ekulimeni ingadi kiyo yoke igugu layo lokuhlobisa.
I-Robinia pseudoacacia (isikhonyane samanga)
Kuyisihlahla esinamaqabunga esikhula ngokushesha futhi singaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwama-200. Ikakhulukazi igqama ngokuqhakaza kwayo ezixukwini ezihlukene zezimbali ezinombala omhlophe ongajwayelekile futhi zinephunga elimnandi elivela ngesikhathi sasentwasahlobo. Lesi sihlahla singafinyelela kumamitha angama-30 ubude.
I-Bauhinia candicans Benth (unyawo lwenkomo)
Izihlahla ezinezimbali ezimhlophe njengePata de Vaca zitholakala osebeni lomfula i-Uruguay. Lolu hlobo lwesihlahla lugqama kakhulu ngamahlamvu awo amakhulu, avame ukukala cishe amasentimitha ayi-10 ubude, ngenxa yalokhu ukuqhakaza kwawo kuvame ukuba kuningi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emigudwini nasezingadini.
Izihlahla ezinezimbali eziphuzi
Izihlahla ezinezimbali zifunwa kakhulu ngabantu ngenxa yemibala yazo ehlukahlukene kanye nobuhle bazo bendawo, kulokhu izihlahla ezinezimbali eziphuzi zingagqanyiswa, zimelela injabulo nethemba. Ake sazi ezinye zezihlahla ezaziwa kakhulu ezinezimbali eziphuzi:
I-Koelreuteria paniculata (insipho yaseShayina)
Ukuqhakaza kwesihlahla sensipho saseShayina kuvame ukuqala maphakathi noMeyi futhi kuvame ukuqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni. Lesi sihlahla esinezimbali eziphuzi ngokuvamile sisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindlela ezinkulu, amadolobha, imigwaqo kanye nezindawo zedolobha. Ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo zayo zivame ukumelana kakhulu futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa kwayo, ngakho-ke ibaluleke kakhulu emasimini amakhulu.
I-Handroanthus chrysanthus (Araguaney)
Isihlahla esikhethekile kakhulu ngokuqhakaza kwaso okumangalisayo ngenxa yalokhu sithathwa njengesihlahla sikazwelonke saseVenezuela, i-Araguaney isihlahla esibonakala kakhulu emapaki nasezingadini. Izimpande zawo zijule kakhulu, ngakho-ke azithandi ukuphakamisa itiyela, inhlabathi noma amatshe akhiwe emigwaqweni. Amaqabunga awo avame ukuvela ngezikhathi zesomiso nangaphambi kokufika ezikhathini zokuqhakaza, okuyisikhathi osekulindelwe ngaso ngenxa yombala ophuzi ogqamile.
I-Laburnum anagyroides (Ishawa yegolide)
Isihlahla Semvula Yegolide uhlobo lwezihlahla ezinezimbali eziphuzi ezaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwesigaba saso sonke. Bangafinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayisikhombisa, izindlela zabo zokutshala ziba yibhodwe ngoba inezakhiwo zezihlahlana, bese bevame ukutshalwa kabusha. Ukuqhakaza kwayo kuvame ukuba sentwasahlobo, amagatsha awo ngokuvamile alayishwa amaqoqo amade anezimbali eziphuzi ezingokomfanekiso.
Izihlahla Ezinezimbali Ezinsomi NeziBlue
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezimbali eziphuma ezihlahleni ziyagqama, ziyisici esivelele ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemibala, ezigqamisa kulokhu izihlahla ezinezimbali ezinsomi neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimelela inhlonipho nokuqonda (okunsomi) nokulangazelela namandla (okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) . Ake sazi ezinye zezihlahla ezaziwa kakhulu ezinezimbali ezinsomi neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka:
I-Paulownia tomentosa (Kiri Tree)
Isihlahla se-Kiri sithathwa njengesinye sezihlahla ezinezimbali ezi-violet ezinomsuka wase-Asia, ikakhulukazi eShayina naseJapan, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulima. Inobukhulu obuphakathi, ibuye ibhekwe njengesihlahla esincibilikayo esikhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi singanikeza izimbali ezinamatheminali amakhulu anomumo wecilongo.
Isihlahla seJacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia)
Isihlahla se-Jacaranda ngokuvamile saziwa kakhulu ngokuqhakaza kwaso okukhethekile maphakathi nentwasahlobo futhi nasehlobo, i-jacaranda ithathwa njengenye yezihlahla ezinkulu ezinezimbali eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinokuwohloka phakathi kwe-lilac ne-pink, zonke izinhlobo ezifinyelela kulawa mathunzi esetshenziswa kakhulu emapaki nasezingadini. Ukuba ngesinye sezihlahla ezinezimbali ze-lilac ezigqama ngomsuka wazo e-Argentina naseBolivia. Ukuthandwa kakhulu ngoba akudingi ukunakekelwa okuningi, nakuba ngokuvamile kungatholakala ezindaweni ezinelanga.
Melia azedarach (Isihlahla SePharadesi)
Isihlahla sepharadesi sinobukhulu obuphakathi obufana kakhulu nezihlahlana futhi siyiqabunga le-cauda, lolu hlobo lomuthi lungatholakala ngezimbali ezimhlophe kanye ne-lilac, imvelaphi yalo kuthiwa yi-Asia. Itshalwa njengezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ikakhulukazi amakha amnandi ezimbali zawo. Ukuqhakaza kwayo kuvame ukuqala kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya phakathi nehlobo.
Izihlahla Ezinezimbali Ezibomvu
Izihlahla ezinezimbali zivame ukubonakala ngokuba nenani elikhulu lemibala eyenza ibe yinqaba, eqokomisa kulokhu izihlahla ezinezimbali ezibomvu, ezinencazelo yothando nesifiso esinamandla, ake sihlangane nezihlahla ezaziwa kakhulu ezibomvu. izimbali:
I-Erythrina corallodendron (Erythrina)
Ihambisana nesinye sezihlahla ezinezimbali ezibomvu ezinamaqabunga amaqabunga futhi zizalelwa eNingizimu Melika, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi zitshalwe endaweni epholile noma ezindaweni ezinelanga. Imvamisa, umbala wawo ogqamile wamaqabunga awo ubonisa ukuthi isihlahla esisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezingazodwa phakathi kwawo ngenxa yezimpande zaso ezihlaselayo.
I-Punica granatum (Ihalananda)
Ihambisana nesihlahla esincane esifana kakhulu nezihlahlana, esinezici ezivuthulukayo ngaphezu kokuba nesiqu esisontekile esingavamile. Futhi zifanekisela isithelo sazo esihlwabusayo, saziwa kakhulu ngezikhathi zezimbali. Zonke izinhlobo zezimbali zayo ezimise okwensimbi zivela zodwa noma zingamaqembu futhi zidume kakhulu ngombala wazo obomvu ogqamile.
I-Brachychiton acerifolius (Isihlahla Somlilo)
Isihlahla somlilo sibonakala ngokufinyelela kumamitha ayishumi nambili ukuphakama futhi ngaphezu kokukhula ngokushesha. Imvamisa ayiqhakazi kuze kube ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, inikela ngezimbali ezibukwayo ngenxa yombala wazo obomvu, eziqoqwe ngamaqoqo ama-axillary.
Izihlahla Ezinezimbali Eziwolintshi
Zonke izihlahla ezinezimbali zivame ukufunwa kakhulu yibo bonke abantu ngemibala yazo yesici kanye nobuhle bazo bemvelo obuyingqayizivele, okugqamisa kulokhu izihlahla ezinezimbali zewolintshi, zimelela ubuhle nokuvumelana. Ake sazi ezinye zezihlahla ezaziwa kakhulu ezinezimbali eziwolintshi:
I-Delonix regia (Isihlahla se-Flamboyan)
Isihlahla esivuthayo saziwa nangokuthi i-sneak noma i-tabachín, ethathwa njengezinhlobo ezaziwayo nezidumile ngombala waso othize ezimbalini, ezifinyelela kumthunzi phakathi kokubomvu, okuwolintshi noma i-lilac. Izimbali zayo ziyichaza njengenye yezihlahla ezinemibala eminingi emhlabeni, futhi ikwazi ukufinyelela amamitha ayishumi nambili ubude.
Colvillea racemosa (Colville's Glory Tree)
Isihlahla se-Colville Glory sithathwa njengohlobo lomndeni wakwaFabaceae. Ingesinye sezihlahla eziqhakazayo ezifunwa kakhulu ngemibala yaso egqamile nezimbali ezisawolintshi ezigqamile, lapho sikhula singafinyelela ukwakheka kwamacylindrical amakhulu. Ibhekwa njengendabuko eMadagascar futhi ingatshalwa kabanzi e-Australia naseNyakatho Melika.
I-Grevillea robusta (i-Silky Oak noma i-Australian Oak)
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-oki e-silky noma yase-Australia, isici kakhulu sokuba nosayizi ongapheli nokukhula okusheshayo, ingafinyelela kumamitha angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ukuphakama, ikhiqiza izimbali phakathi kwegolide newolintshi, ihlaba umxhwele kakhulu futhi ibuye ibe nokubukisa, ngezinye izikhathi bangathola. ukukhiqiza i-dermatitis esikhumbeni esibucayi kakhulu. Kubhekwa njengohlobo lwendabuko lwase-Australia.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile: