Unesiqephu somhlaba futhi ufuna ukutshala izihlahla ukuze kuthi lapho zikhula zikunikeze umthunzi, ukusha kanye nesifiso sokujabulela ukufunda incwadi emnandi noma ukubuka izingane zidlala. Ngiphakamisa ezinye Izihlahla Zomthunzi, zikhule ezindaweni ezifudumele nezipholile futhi zizokunikeza amakha nezithelo. Ngiyakumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda futhi ubazi.
Izihlahla Zomthunzi
Lapho unquma ukuthi yisiphi isihlahla esizotshala esiqeshini somhlaba, ngaphezu kwezici zomhlaba, isimo sezulu sendawo kufanele sicatshangelwe, ukuze kukhethwe isihlahla okufanele silinywe kahle futhi sigweme izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo zokubuna nokulandelayo. ukufa kwesihlahla ngenxa yokuthi asizange sivumelane nokushisa kwemvelo, imimoya enamandla namazinga okushisa aphansi.
Njengoba nje izimo zemvelo zibalulekile, zinjalo nezici zezihlahla, okungukuthi, ukuphakama kwazo, ukujula kwezimpande zazo, uhlobo lomqhele, ubukhulu bamagatsha namaqabunga. Futhi yengezwe kulokhu, ukuzivumelanisa kwayo nezimo ezibandayo nezishisayo, ngoba lokhu kuthonya izinhlobo ezizokhethwa.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezihlahla ezimila ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo nezindawo ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo zisikiselwa ngezansi, ngisho nezihlahla zezithelo ezikwazi ukukunikeza umthunzi futhi ngenxa yokuthi izimpande zazo zijulile, zilungele izingadi ngoba azilimazi ingqalasizinda. . Kuhlale kuphakanyiswa ukuthi izihlahla zitshalwe kude nezakhiwo, amapayipi, futhi ziqhelelane nezinye izihlahla ukuze imiqhele yazo ithuthuke kahle.
Izihlahla ezinomthunzi endaweni eshisayo
Ngezansi kunezihlahla ezinikeza umthunzi futhi ungatshala ezingadini, amapaki, izindlela zezindawo ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo kuze kufike eMedithera, ezivumelanise kahle kakhulu nezimo zezulu nomhlaba, futhi kulula ukuzithola.
I-flamboyant (I-Delonix regia)
Isihlahla Esivuthayo (I-Delonix regia), udabuka emahlathini avuthuluka aseMadagascar. Kodwa-ke, isihlahla esiye saba ngokwemvelo futhi satshalwa ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zeplanethi, okusho ukuthi sivumelana nezindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, kusukela ezindaweni ezishisayo kuya eMedithera.
Lesi isihlahla sokuhlobisa, esingakhula phakathi kwamamitha ayi-8 kuya kwayi-12 ukuphakama, sinamagatsha asakazekile futhi amahlamvu aso aminyene, ezindaweni ezishisayo nenkathi eyomile alahlekelwa amaqabunga awo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezindaweni ezinezimo zemvelo ezinomswakama omuhle phakathi nonyaka, amaqabunga awo ahlala isikhathi eside. Izimbali zawo zinombala obomvu ogqamile.
Izihlahla ezivuthayo lapho zisencane zinikeza umthunzi omncane, nokho lapho sezikhulile zinikeza umthunzi omningi. Kwenzeka ukuthi ngenkathi lesi sihlahla sikhula, amagatsha awo yiwo ahamba phambili ekukhuleni kwaso futhi, ngenxa yokuthi sikhula ngobubanzi, sikhipha amagatsha amasha amade futhi amade, ubukhulu besiqu saso bukhulu kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuyitshala engadini ngebanga elingamamitha angu-10 ukusuka emigwaqweni, izakhiwo namapayipi, ukuze ujabulele isihlahla futhi unakekele ikhaya lakho.
izihlahla zohlobo UFicus sp.
I-Ficus genus imelelwa izitshalo ezikhula njenge: izihlahla, izihlahla nezitshalo ezikhuphukayo, ziyizitshalo zomndeni we-botanical Moraceae. Isuka endaweni ye-intertropical, nakuba abanye sebejwayele izindawo ezipholile. Ziyaziwa ezindaweni ezishisayo njengezihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza, ngoba zigcina amaqabunga azo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Okuhlukile kubonwa kuma-specimens ahlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esingesona esishisayo kanye nenkathi eyomile ende.
Uma ufuna ukutshala engadini yakho izihlahla of UFicus, Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ube nesandiso esihle somhlaba ukuze izimpande zawo zisakazeke kahle, ikakhulukazi uma zingezohlobo UFicus benghalensis noma i UFicus robusta. Kunalokho izihlahla UFicus benjamina o i-ficus retusa, Zingagcinwa ezingadini ezingabanzi kakhulu, futhi zithene kancane amagatsha azo ukuze zigcine ubukhulu bomqhele wazo kanye namahlamvu awo amaningi.
Isihlahla se-carob (ICeratonia siliqua)
Isihlahla se-carob esaziwa ngabakwa-taxonomists ngokuthi ICeratonia siliqua, Itholakala endaweni yaseMedithera naseMpumalanga Eseduze. Isihlahla esinamaqabunga esinobude obuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-7 kuya kwayi-10 ukuphakama, sinomqhele obanzi onobubanzi obufana nobude besihlahla, cishe ngamamitha ayi-5 kuya kwayisi-6. Isihlahla esikhula ngokushesha kuya kokuphakathi esiphila iminyaka eminingi. Isihlahla esimelana kakhulu.
Ikhula kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, eduze nogu, ayimelani nesithwathwa. Ziyizihlahla ezingadingi izimo zenhlabathi, izimpande zazo zijulile futhi zibanzi futhi zithanda izindawo ezinelanga, isihlahla esinakekela kancane. Isebenza njengesihlahla semithambeka ephansi lapho ufuna ukuvikela khona inhlabathi, ngenxa yezici zezimpande zayo. Kuyisihlahla esimelana nokuthenwa, singabuye sivunyelwe ukuba sikhule ngaphandle kokusithena lapho sisebasha futhi, lapho sesikhulile, sithene amagatsha amade kakhulu.
I-Acacias
Izihlahla zomtholo zingowomndeni wakwaFabaceae, zidabuka e-Australia nase-Afrika. Ukutshalwa kwayo sekusabalele ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo zeplanethi. Iningi lezihlahla zomtholo linemithunzi emincane, kodwa phakathi kwazo, kugqama uhlobo oluthile oluvela eNyakatho Afrika. i-acacia tortilis, evumelana kahle kakhulu nezindawo ezisezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Ngokufanayo, i- i-acacia saligna, zombili izihlahla njengabantu abadala zinamahlamvu amahle amaningi futhi zinikeza umthunzi omuhle.
Izihlahla zomtholo ziyamelana nesomiso futhi zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, izimbali zazo ziphuzi futhi lapho izihlahla zomtholo eziningi ziqhakaza ziqhakaza zinikeza umbukiso omuhle, zitshalwe emapaki nasezingadini, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi zitshalwe zishiya ibanga elingamamitha ayi-7 phakathi. phansi futhi kude namapayipi nezakhiwo.
Izihlahla ze-Bauhinia
Izihlahla zohlobo I-Bauhinia Zivela emndenini we-botanical Fabaceae, zitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika, e-Asia naseMelika. uhlobo I-Bauhinia variegata Itholakala eNdiya futhi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi isihlahla se-orchid, unyawo lwenkomo. Kuyisihlahla esincane esingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayisi-6 kuye kwayi-7. Inamaqabunga aluhlaza kanye ne-canopy ebanzi njengesambulela, lapho isikhulile inganikeza umthunzi omuhle.
Bayibiza ngokuthi isihlahla sama-orchid, njengoba izimbali zaso zikhipha iphunga elipholile futhi zifana nama-orchid ohlobo. Izinkomo, inamacembe angu-5 futhi umbala wayo uyahlukahluka, ingaba mhlophe, pink noma onsomi. Zitshalwe ezingadini, emigwaqweni, emapaki zodwa noma ngamaqembu. Zikhula kahle elangeni eligcwele noma ekukhanyeni okungaqondile; ngamazinga okushisa afudumele kuya kwamazinga aphansi futhi ayikubekezeleli isithwathwa; ihlala kahle ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, esishisayo neseMedithera.
Izithelo ezisawolintshi
Lapho sikhuluma ngezihlahla zewolintshi, ngokushesha sicabanga ngezihlahla zezithelo futhi asizihlanganisi nezihlahla ezinikeza umthunzi omuhle. Phakathi kwalezi isihlahla sikalamula namawolintshi kungaba kuhle. Ziyizihlahla ezinamahlamvu angapheli kanye nezimbali ezincane ezinamakha amahle. Ukukhetha lezi zithelo ukuze uzilime futhi uhlobise ingadi yakho kuzokunikeza umthunzi omuhle nephunga elimnandi, elizoqedwa ngokuba nezithelo ngenkathi yokuvuna. Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi ukhokhe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha futhi uma uhlala ezweni elinezinkathi zonyaka, ukhokhe entwasahlobo nasekwindla, futhi ulivikele eqhweni, lingakwazi ukumelana no-7°C.
Izihlahla ezinomthunzi endaweni epholile
Lapha isiphakamiso sizokwenziwa ngezihlahla ezivela ezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezishisayo zeplanethi, ziye zatshalwa ngemiphumela emihle, zivame ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo zaseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia. Inikeza umbukiso omuhle weziqongo zawo ezinamahlamvu, izimbali ezinhle, ukuphakama okukhulu kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa.
Oak
I-Oak (I-Quercus robur) isihlahla esingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-40. Idinga inhlabathi evulekile, ejulile futhi ene-asidi kancane. Isihlahla esikhulu esinomqhele onamaqabunga angamamitha angaba ngu-10 ububanzi, isihlahla esinamagatsha amaqabunga aso ekwindla. Ungawatshala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zaseYurophu, ukusuka kumamitha angama-600 ngaphezu kolwandle, ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi ene-acidic kancane, imelana nesithwathwa. Engadini kuphakanyiswa ukutshala endaweni eseceleni futhi kude nezakhiwo.
i-chestnut
I-Chestnut yehhashi (I-Aesculus hippocastanum), ungowomndeni wakwaSapindaceae, lesi sihlahla sithola igama elivamile elithi "i-chestnut yamanga", ngoba izithelo zaso zifana nezinhlobo ze-Castanea, umndeni wakwaFagaceae isihlahla esilahlekelwa amaqabunga futhi siphakeme ngamamitha angu-30, isihlahla. enesiqu esiqondile esinamagatsha amaningi, amaqabunga alula, amakhulu, aphikisanayo, isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha.
Lesi sihlahla savela e-Albania, eBulgaria kanye nasezweni elaliyiYugoslavia, siye satshalwa ngenxa yobuhle baso emazweni ahlukene ezwekazi laseYurophu elinesimo sezulu esipholile, esiwatshale emapaki nasemigwaqweni yamazwe apholile. Ivumelana kahle nenhlabathi ene-asidi kanye nezindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba. Ayihambisani nezindawo ezinesomiso, noma imimoya eshisayo neyomile eyenzeka ezindaweni eziseduze nogu.
Amamephu
Lezi zihlahla ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-Maple, zingezomndeni wakwaSapindaceae, zizalelwa endaweni epholile yamazwekazi: eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezimelwe, eyaziwa kakhulu. I-Acer palmatum, I-Acer rubrum, I-Acer pseudoplatanus, I-Acer campestre, I-Acer pensylvanicum futhi i I-Acer negundo.
Izinhlobo ezintathu zokuqala zama-Maple zibonisiwe: I-Acer palmatum, I-Acer rubrum, i-acer pseudoplatanus, Ziyizihlahla ezinde ezinikeza umthunzi omuhle. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zezihlahla ze-maple, i-A. i-penylvanicum kakade. niggaNgenxa yokuthi mancane, cishe amamitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-12 ukuphakama, anganikeza umthunzi omuhle ezingadini ezincane. Ziyizihlahla ezisekela izinkathi ezine zesifunda esinesimo sezulu esipholile.
I-arboreal privet
Isihlahla se-arboreal privet (I-Ligustrum lucidum) ivela emndenini we-Olegaceae, isihlahla sase-Asia esidabuka e-China nase-Japan, esisetshenziselwa ukutshala ezindaweni zokupaka nasemapaki, isihlahla esinamaqabunga aluhlaza, ubude baso buphakathi kwamamitha angu-8 kuya kwangu-15 ukuphakama. Inokukhula ngokushesha.
Isihlahla esinamaqabunga kakhulu futhi sinezimbali ezinhle ezinephunga elimnandi eziqhakaza entwasahlobo, sivumelana kahle nenhlabathi ehlukahlukene, ngakho-ke zithathwa njengezitshalo ezihlaselayo futhi njengoba zisusa izitshalo zomdabu endaweni. Izithelo zayo zingcolisa umhlabathi kakhulu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kuphakanyiswa ukuthi uqaphele ukugcina indawo ezungezile ihlanzekile futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, uzolawula ukusabalala kwayo ngembewu ewayo.
Izihlahla zohlobo lwePrunus
Lezi zihlahla zinhle kakhulu futhi eziningi zilinyelwa izithelo zazo ezifana namaplamu, amapentshisi namabhilikosi. Izihlahla zohlobo lwe-Prunus, ziyingxenye yomndeni wakwaRosaceae, lezi zihlahla, kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo, zinamaqabunga amaqabunga noma angapheli, ziyizihlahla ezinhle kakhulu futhi zinganikeza umthunzi omuhle emasimini amancane.
Uzinakekela kanjani izihlahla zakho
Usuvele ukhethe isihlahla somthunzi ofuna ukusitshala futhi ucabangele izinkomba, izinhlobo, izinga lokushisa, ukuguquguquka nokuqina noma ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwamaqabunga awo, kusikisela ukuthi ufunde iseluleko sokunakekela izihlahla zakho, ezivezwayo. ngezansi.
- Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi izihlahla zitshalwe zibe nebanga elanele ukusuka esihlahleni ukuya esihlahleni ukuze kungabikho ukuqhudelana kwemisoco yomhlabathi phakathi kwazo.
- Nakuba ziyizihlahla ezinezimpande ezijulile nezimpande ezikha phezulu ezingabanzi kakhulu, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi zitshalwe kude nezindlu, umhlabathi ogandayiwe, amapayipi. Khumbula, lezi zihlahla ziyakhula futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma ungazange uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi utshale eduze kakhulu nodonga noma umgwaqo, izimpande zaso zingadala umonakalo ekwakhiweni. Kunconywa ukutshala izihlahla ebangeni elingamamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-3 phakathi kwesihlahla nesakhiwo.
- Ukuze isihlahla ositshalile sikhule kahle, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi uqaphele ukugcinwa kwaso, njengokuthi: cabanga uma usesimweni sezulu esifudumele, izinkathi zemvula nezomile, ngoba lokhu kuzodingeka unisele njalo endaweni eyomile. izinkathi zonyaka. Vundisa ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemvula ukuze inhlabathi imunce kahle futhi ifinyelele ekujuleni okuhlukahlukene. Thena ekupheleni kwenkathi eyomile ukuze ukusikeka kuphole kahle futhi isikhunta singawi ngenxa yemvula.
- Izihlahla ezitshalwe ezindaweni ezipholile, zithena entwasahlobo. Vundisa entwasahlobo bese kuthi ekwindla. Nisela njalo entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla, khona-ke izimvula zizowanisela ekwindla nasebusika.
Ngikumema ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezihlahla ngokufunda okuthunyelwe okulandelayo: