Impova iyinqubo ebalulekile kokubili kwezemvelo kanye nokuphila kwethu, njengoba kuqinisekisa ukuzala kabusha kwezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezitshalo zasendle. Lesi simo sihluke ngokumangalisayo, hhayi nje kuphela izinyosi Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthwala impova isuka kwenye imbali iye kwenye; isixuku se isilwane, kusukela ezinambuzaneni kuya ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, kuyingxenye yalolu chungechunge olubalulekile.
Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukubaluleka kokupholisa izilwane, izinhlobo zezilwane ezihilelekile nezindlela esinganikela ngazo ekulondolozweni kwazo. Kusukela kumaqiniso athakazelisayo kuye kumathiphu asebenzayo, uzothola konke okudingayo ukuze uqonde kangcono lawa maqhawe amancane emvelo.
Iyini impova futhi kungani ibalulekile?
Impova iqukethe ukudluliswa kwempova kusukela engxenyeni yesilisa (ama-stamens) kuya engxenyeni yesifazane (pistils) yezimbali, okuvumela ukuvundiswa ukuba kwenzeke futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwakheka kwembewu nezithelo. Ngaphandle kwalo, cishe I-80% yezitshalo eziqhakazayo ayikwazanga ukukhiqiza kabusha ngendlela efanele, futhi a 75% yezitshalo zomhlaba izothinteka ngqo.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi we-pollinator, sijabulela ukudla okufana ama-apula, utamatisi, ama-strawberry, ama-alimondi nabanye abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indima yabo ibalulekile ekulinganiseni kwe-ecosystem, njengoba isiza ukugcina ukuhlukahluka kwezitshalo ezisebenza njengendawo yokuhlala nokudla kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngesitshalo esithile, njenge umuthi we-apula, lesi sihloko singase sibe nesithakazelo.
Izilwane eziyinhloko ezenza impova
Ngenkathi i izinyosi Ngokuvamile bangabalingiswa abangenakuphikiswa, bakhona ezinye izilwane eziningi nakho okunomthelela kule nqubo. Ake sithole ukuthi yiziphi eziphawuleka kakhulu:
Izinyosi
I-Las izinyosi Ngokungangabazeki, yibo abathutha impova abaphumelela kakhulu. Inyosi eyodwa ingavakashela kufika ku-1,000 izimbali ngosuku olulodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo, njengezinyosi, ziyakwazi ukukhulula impova ngokunyakazisa izimbali. Ubumqoka bokuba khona kwayo bekulokhu kuqhakanjiswa, njengoba ukunyamalala kwayo kuzoba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele kwezolimo. Ake sibone izinhlobo zezinyosi ezimpova:
- Inyosi yoju (Apis mellifera): Yiyona evame kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kwezolimo ngenxa yekhono layo lokuthulisa izitshalo ezifana nama-apula, ama-alimondi kanye nobhekilanga.
- Izinyosi zomdabu: Izinhlobo eziningi zezinyosi ezihlala zodwa, njengezinyosi zombazi nezinyosi, zingabathuthi bempova abaphumelelayo bezimbali zasendle nezitshalo.
Izimvemvane
Izimvemvane zingelinye iqembu elivelele phakathi kwama- pollinators. Ingabe izidalwa ezithambile Ngokuvamile bavakashela izimbali ezimibalabala nezivulekile, lapho Impova inamathela emilenzeni nasemzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, amandla azo okukhipha impova aphansi kunezinyosi ngenxa yokundiza kwazo kancane. Uma ungathanda ukufunda okwengeziwe mayelana margaritasLezi zimbali zivame ukuvakashelwa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezimvemvane.
Amakati
Okungaziwa kakhulu, kodwa okubaluleke ngokufanayo, amalulwane ampova. Ezindaweni ezishisayo neziwugwadule, amalulwane abalulekile ekusakazeni impova ezitshalweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi lezo eziqhakaza ebusuku. Zidla umpe ezimbalini ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi ezimhlophe, impova nezithelo. Lapho zidla, zithwala impova zisuka kwesinye isitshalo ziye kwesinye njengoba zifuna ukudla. Uma ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalezi zilwane ezincelisayo, ungafunda ngazo lapha. adlani amalulwane nokudla kwabo.
Amabhu: Impova yasebusuku
Amabhu adlala indima ebalulekile impova ebusuku. Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge i-hummingbird sphinx, Banemikhuba efana ne-hummingbird futhi badla umpe ngenkathi bezungeza izimbali. Kunezimbali zasebusuku ezifana ne-jasmine eziqhakaza ebusuku futhi zifakwe impova ikakhulukazi ngamabhu.
ama-hummingbirds
Lezi zinyoni ezincane zisebenza ngokukhethekile ezimbalini ezimboze ngenxa yoqhwaku lwazo olude. Bayakwazi ukuvakashela amakhulu ezimbali ngosuku, ukudla umpe ngenkathi idlulisela impova endleleni. Indima yayo ibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngezitshalo eziheha ama-hummingbird, izitshalo ezilenga kuvulandi Bangaba inketho enhle kakhulu.
Ezinye izinambuzane
Asikwazi ukukhohlwa izimpukane, iminyovu, amabhungane futhi ngisho izintuthwane. Nakuba zivame ukungacacisi kangako emikhubeni yazo yokuthutha impova, zidlala indima ebalulekile ezindaweni ezithile zemvelo, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho izinyosi zingekho khona ngobuningi.
Umthelela wabantu nendlela yokusiza
Ngeshwa Imisebenzi yabantu ibeke engcupheni impova. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezihlaselayo yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehla okushaqisayo kweningi labantu bazo.
- Khulisa izindawo eziluhlaza: Ukutshala izingadi ezinezinhlobo zemvelo eziqhakaza ngezikhathi ezihlukene zonyaka kusiza ekuhlinzekeni ukudla unyaka wonke.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali: Ukukhetha izindlela zemvelo zokulawula izinambuzane kunciphisa umonakalo kuma-pollinator.
- Nikeza izindawo zokukhosela: Ukufaka amahhotela ezinyosi noma izindawo ezinohlaza oluminyene kunganikeza indawo ephephile ukuze izinyosi zibe isidleke.
Ilukuluku namaqiniso amangalisayo
Ubuwazi ukuthi i-bee colony ingaba nokufika kuze kufike kubantu abangama-80,000? Ngamunye usebenza ngokuzikhandla ukuze aqinisekise ukusinda kweqembu, okuhlanganisa nomsebenzi wokuthuthwa kwempova ezindaweni ezinkulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i ama-lemurs nama-day geckos Futhi bangabathuthi bempova. Nakuba umnikelo wabo unomkhawulo kakhulu, bagqama ekusebenzelaneni nezitshalo eziqondile kakhulu ku-ecosystem yabo yasendaweni.
Kusukela ezitshalweni zezolimo kuya ezimbalini zasendle, I-pollinator ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile. Ukuzivikela kuwumthwalo wemfanelo ofanayo ongenza umehluko esikhathini esizayo seplanethi yethu. Uma unentshisekelo yokwandisa ulwazi lwakho mayelana nezitshalo ezibalulekile futhi kuma-pollinator, ungacwaninga izimbali ze-hermaphrodite kanye nendima yayo.
