Imidwebo Ziyizethulo eziyingcaca ezilula ezisiza ukukhomba indawo yendawo ngezinkomba ezibukwayo. Kuzo, ezihlukahlukene zisetshenziswa izimpawu okuvumela ukuqonda kangcono incazelo yemigwaqo, izakhiwo kanye nezixwayiso. Ukuqonda lezi zimpawu kwenza kube lula ukuhumusha umdwebo futhi kuthuthukisa ukuma kwethu emizileni ehlukene.
Lesi sihloko sizokuqondisa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekufundeni mayelana izimpawu ezisetshenziswe emidwebeni, ukuhlukaniswa kwawo kanye nokubaluleka kwawo ekuhambeni kwasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Sizobhekana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpawu ezisetshenziswayo, indlela yokuzibona futhi usizo lwaso ezimweni ezahlukene zansuku zonke.
Uyini umdwebo?
Un i-croquis Umdwebo oyisikimu omelela indawo noma umzila ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokunemba kwemephu. Isetshenziselwa ukukhombisa izikhombisi-ndlela nokuthola amaphuzu athakaselwayo endaweni ethile. Imidwebo ingadwetshwa ngesandla noma ngamathuluzi edijithali futhi ngokuvamile iqukethe izici zesithombe ezifana nalezi izimpawu, ama-akhronimi nezifinyezo.
Ezinye zezinzuzo zokusebenzisa izimpawu kumidwebo yilezi:
- Ukucaca nobulula: Bagwema ukugcwala okubonakalayo futhi bavumele ulwazi ukuthi luthathwe ngokubuka nje.
- Ukumisa: Izimpawu eziningi zitholakala emhlabeni wonke, okwenza kube lula ukuziqonda ngaphandle kwezincazelo ezinde.
- Ukusebenza kahle: Bonga isikhathi lapho bedweba futhi beqonda umdwebo.
- Ukuxhumana okusebenzayo: Bavumela ulwazi ukuthi lwabiwe nabantu abangenalo ulwazi oluthuthukisiwe lobuchwepheshe.
Izici eziyinhloko zomdwebo
Ukuze umdwebo uqondakale, kufanele uqukathe okuthile Izinto ezibalulekile ukwenza lula ukufunda kwabo nokuhumusha okulungile:
- Amagama emigwaqo nendawo: Zikhomba imigwaqo emikhulu neyesibili.
- I-Compass rose: Qondisa isiqondiso ngamaphuzu amakhulu (eNyakatho, eNingizimu, eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga).
- Izimpawu zezithombe: Bamele izindawo ezithile ezifana nezibhedlela, izikole noma izindawo zokudlela. Ungathola okwengeziwe mayelana izimpawu eziyingcaca ukujula kulesi sihloko.
- Ama-Acronyms nezifinyezo: Benza kube lula ukubona izindawo ngaphandle kokuthatha isikhala esiningi emdwebeni.
Izinhlobo zezimpawu ezidwetshiwe
Izimpawu ezidwetshiwe zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezahlukene. ngokomsebenzi nenjongo yayo. Ngezansi sichaza ngayinye ngezibonelo ezivamile:
Izimpawu zokuvimbela
Lezi zimpawu zikwazisa ngezingozi ezingaba khona noma izimo zomgwaqo ezidinga ukuqapha. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
- Uphawu lokuwela ujantshi: Ibonisa ukuba khona kukajantshi wesitimela.
- Uphawu lomgwaqo otshekayo: Ixwayisa ngamagquma emgwaqeni.
- Uphawu lokuhamba kancane: Incoma ukwehlisa isivinini ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona.
Izimpawu ezifundisayo
Bahlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nezinsiza ezitholakala endaweni. Zimelelwe ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma emnyama. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
- Uhlamvu “H”: Ibonisa ukuba khona kwesibhedlela noma ihhotela.
- Crossed Cutlery: Ibonisa indawo yokudlela.
- Umgqomo kadoti nomuntu: Khomba ukuba khona kwendawo yokulahla udoti yomphakathi.
Izimpawu zokulawula
Balawula ukuziphatha kwabahamba ngezinyawo nabashayeli. Zimelelwe ngombala obomvu. Phakathi kwazo kukhona:
- Uphawu oluthi “Misa”: Ibonisa isidingo sokuma ngokuphelele.
- Alukho uphawu lokupaka: Kubonisa ukuthi ukupaka akuvunyelwe kuleyo ndawo.
- Isithonjana somkhawulo wesivinini: Icacisa isivinini esiphezulu esivunyelwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu kubalulekile ukuze kube lula ukuzulazula. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe izimpawu kwezinye izimo, ungacwaninga ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimeni ezahlukene.
Izimpawu ze-Topographic kanye ne-cartographic
Kumamephu we-sketch noma izethulo zendawo, izimpawu zendawo kanye ne-cartographic zivumela ukuhlonza izici zemvelo nezokwenziwa:
- Izintaba nokuphakama: Adwetshwa ngemigqa egobile egxilile noma ukuthungatha.
- Imifula nemizimba yamanzi: Imelwe imigqa ye-wavy noma amabala aluhlaza.
- Imigwaqo nemigwaqo emikhulu: Kusetshenziswa imigqa eqhubekayo noma ehlukene, kuye ngohlobo lomgwaqo.
- Izakhiwo: Akhonjiswa ngezikwele noma ama-rectangles kumamephu wedolobha.
- Izihlahla nezimila: Imelwe imibuthano emincane noma umumo ongajwayelekile.
Izimpawu kumamephu wedolobha nethrafikhi
Imidwebo yokuhlela yasemadolobheni nemigwaqo nayo isebenzisa izimpawu ukumela izinto ezibalulekile:
- Amalambu ethrafikhi nezimpawu: Badwetshwa ngemibuthano noma ngonxantathu.
- Izindawo zabahamba ngezinyawo: Imelwe imigqa ephambanayo noma amaphethini anamachashazi.
- Izindawo zokupaka nezokuthutha: Akhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu nezibalo ezithile.
- Izakhiwo nezindawo ezithakazelisayo: Zimelwe ngezithonjana ezibonakala kalula.
Ukubaluleka kwezimpawu ezidwetshweni
Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwezimpawu ezidwetshweni kuvumela noma ngubani ukuthi aziqondise ngaphandle kwesidingo semephu enemininingwane. Zibalulekile ku-:
- Ukujwayela indawo ongayijwayele: Ukuthi uhlela umzila noma uhlola idolobha elisha.
- Gwema ukudideka: Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo emhlabeni wonke, izimpawu zibonakala kalula.
- Ukuqondisa Abanye: Ziwusizo ekuchazeni izinkomba ngendlela elula nebonakalayo.
Umdwebo omuhle kufanele ucace, ube mfushane futhi uqukathe izakhi ezidingekayo ukuze noma ubani akwazi ukuwuhumusha ngaphandle kobunzima. Ukuqonda i izimpawu emdwebeni Kuwukhiye wokuzulazula kalula ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngalezi zinto ezibonakalayo, singakwazi ukuhlonza imizila ebalulekile, izinsizakalo nezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisa ukuhamba kwethu. Ngalolu lwazi, manje usuzokwazi ukuhumusha noma yimuphi umdwebo futhi uwusebenzise njengethuluzi elisebenzayo ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke.
