I-Los izimpawu eziyingcaca Bebeyingxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana okubonakalayo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Zisetshenziselwa bamele imibono, imiqondo nezincazelo ngendlela emfushane nebukekayo. Kusuka kuma-pictogram e-caveman kuya kuzithonjana zohlelo lokusebenza lwesimanjemanje, lezi zingxenye zesithombe zenza kube lula ukudlulisa ulwazi ngaphandle kwamagama.
Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, siyathola izimpawu eziyingcaca ngobuningi bezimo: izimpawu zethrafikhi, amalogo omkhiqizo, izixhumanisi zohlelo lwekhompyutha noma izimpawu ezindaweni zomphakathi. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukwenza ulwazi lufinyeleleke kunoma ubani, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ukhuluma luphi ulimi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinhlobo ezahlukene izimpawu eziyingcaca, ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo emikhakheni ehlukene.
Luyini uphawu oluyingcaca?
Un uphawu lwesithombe Kuwumfanekiso obonakalayo we-a umqondo, isenzo noma into. Kungaba okungabonakali noma okungokomfanekiso futhi ngokuvamile kuqashelwa iqembu labantu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwayo ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokuvamile, i- izimpawu eziyingcaca Bayingxenye yesistimu enkulu ebizwa ngokuthi uphawu, esakhiwe ngezinto ezintathu:
- Inkomba: into noma umqondo omelelwe.
- Okubalulekile: ingxenye ebonakalayo noma ebambekayo yophawu.
- Okushiwo: incazelo yombukeli yesibonakaliso.
Isibonelo, isithonjana sensimbi kuhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo sisebenza njenge- uphawu lwesithombe elimele izaziso ezintsha noma izaziso. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okungcono kwe- izimpawu zengcaca kanye ne-typographic, kuyasiza ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimeni ezahlukene.
Ukubaluleka Komklamo Osebenzayo Nobuciko
Idizayini ebonakalayo ephumelelayo kufanele ilinganise ubuciko kanye nokusebenza. Ngenkathi ubuciko bukuvumela ukuba uzihlukanise futhi uhehe ukunaka, ukusebenza Iqinisekisa ukuthi umlayezo ucacile futhi uyafinyeleleka. Amanye amasu okuzuza le bhalansi ahlanganisa:
- Ukusetshenziswa kokuqhathanisa nemibala efanele.
- Ukukhethwa kwe-typographic okulungile komongo.
- Ukuhlola nokulungiswa okusekelwe kuzithameli eziqondiwe.
Ukuqonda i uhlobo lokubhala kanye nobudlelwano bayo nezimpawu eziyingcaca kubalulekile ukuze kudluliswe imilayezo ephumelelayo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpawu eziyingcaca
Izimpawu zezithombe zingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kodwa enye evame ukusetshenziswa yileyo eyasungulwa isazi sefilosofi uCharles Sanders Peirce, owahlukanisa izigaba ezintathu ezinkulu: imikhondo, izimpawu kanye nezimpawu.
Izinkomba
Un inkomba Kuwuhlobo lophawu lwemvelo lapho kunobudlelwano obuqondile phakathi komphawuli nencazelo yaso. Okusho ukuthi, ukuba khona kwayo kusikisela ukuba khona kokunye.
- Intuthu iwuphawu lomlilo.
- Umbani uwuphawu lwesiphepho.
- Izinyawo zesilwane eqhweni ziyizinkomba zokuba khona kwaso.
Izinkomba zibalulekile ekuxhumaneni okuyingcaca uma sifuna ukuphakamisa okuthile ngaphandle kokukumela ngokuqondile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana ukumelwa kwamamephu abonakalayo kanye nezimpawu zabo, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lungenziwa emiqondweni eyenziwe.
Izithonjana
Un isithonjana Kuwuphawu olunobudlelwano bokufana nento emele yona. Ngamanye amazwi, ukubukeka kwayo kufana nesithenjwa sangempela.
- Amamephu abonisa ngokubonakalayo ijografi yendawo.
- Ama-Emoji amele isimo sobuso.
- Izithombe ezingokoqobo nemidwebo yabantu noma yezinto.
Emhlabeni wedijithali, izithonjana zibalulekile kusixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi, zenza kube lula ukuzulazula kuwo wonke amadivayisi nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuqonda i izimpawu emlandweni wobuciko Kuyasiza futhi ukuhlanganisa lezi zakhi.
Izimpawu
Un uphawu Kuwuphawu olungenabo ubudlelwano obuqondile nento emele yona, kodwa incazelo yalo isungulwe ngumhlangano womphakathi.
- Isiphambano esibomvu simele izinsizakalo zezokwelapha.
- Inhliziyo ifanekisela uthando.
- Ilogo yenkampani ikhomba uhlobo lwayo ngaphandle kwesidingo samagama.
Izimpawu zidinga ukuthi ukufunda kuhunyushwe ngendlela efanele futhi kungahluka ngokwamasiko. Ukuze uqonde kangcono incazelo yayo, kuyathakazelisa ukwazi izibonelo ze izimpawu ezifana yin-yang ezimweni ezehlukene.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu eziyingcaca
Ngaphezu kwe imikhondo, izithonjana y izimpawu, kunezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu eziyingcaca ezifeza imisebenzi ethile.
Ama-Pictograms
I-Los izithombe Ziyizethulo ezenziwe lula zezinto noma imiqondo. Zilungele ukuxhumana okusheshayo futhi ngempumelelo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zamazwe ngamazwe.
- Izimpawu zendlu yangasese yomphakathi.
- Izikhombisi-ndlela ezikhumulweni zezindiza.
- Izimpawu zokuphinda zisetshenziswe kabusha kanye nokuhlukaniswa kukadoti.
Ama-pictograms ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana okubonakalayo okuvumela ukuqonda ngokushesha, okufana nokusetshenziswa kwe izimpawu emdwebeni ukumela imibono ngemidwebo.
Ama-Ideograms
Un i-ideogram imele umqondo noma umqondo ngaphandle kwesidingo samagama. Zihlukile kuma-pictograms ngoba azihlali zinobudlelwano obuqondile nencazelo yazo.
- Uphawu olungapheli (∞).
- Izinhlamvu zesiShayina noma zesiJapane.
- Izimpawu zezibalo ezifana no-+ noma ×.
Ama-logogram
Un uphawu kuwuphawu olumelela igama eliphelele.
- Uphawu nophawu lumelela igama elithi "futhi."
- Uphawu lwe-$ lufanekisela amadola.
- Izinombolo zesi-Arabhu (1, 2, 3, njll.).
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-logogram kwenza ukubhala kube lula futhi kunciphisa nenani lezinhlamvu ezidingekayo embhalweni. Ukubaluleka kwalezi zakhi kugqanyisiwe, kufana nomsebenzi we- izimpawu kwezobuciko bobuKristu ezimelela imiqondo esemqoka.
Ukubaluleka kwezimpawu eziyingcaca emphakathini
I-Los izimpawu eziyingcaca Zibalulekile empilweni yansuku zonke, njengoba zenza kube lula ukuxhumana nokuqonda imiyalezo kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiluphi ulimi. Ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza zayo ezibalulekile zifaka:
- Ubunikazi bebhizinisi: Ama-logo asiza ukuqaphela amabhrendi ngokushesha.
- Izimpawu zomgwaqo: Izimpawu zethrafikhi zixwayisa abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo.
- Izixhumi ezibonakalayo zedijithali: Izithonjana ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zivumela ukuzulazula okunembile.
- Infographics kanye nemidwebo: lula ukubonakala kwedatha eyinkimbinkimbi nemiqondo.
I-Los izimpawu eziyingcaca Ziye zavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa umsebenzi wazo uhlala ufana: ukudlulisa ulwazi ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Kusukela kuma-pictogram akudala kakhulu kuya ezithonjaneni zedijithali zanamuhla, ukuba khona kwazo ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke akunakuphikwa. Ukuqonda ukuhluka kwazo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza kusivumela ukuthi singagcini nje ngokuzichaza kangcono, kodwa futhi sizisebenzise ngendlela ehlelekile ekwakhiweni kokubukwa nokuxhumana.
