Izimpawu zaseGibhithe zikhona emcabangweni ohlangene wabantu, ngisho naphakathi kwabangewona ochwepheshe. Kusukela siseyizingane, sonke siye sababona ezindabeni zezingane, futhi lapho sifinyelela ebudaleni, kukhona labo abathatheka ngaleli siko lemilingo kangangokuthi banquma ukunikezela umsebenzi wabo kulo: Izazi ze-Egyptologists zingochwepheshe abazinikele ekutadisheni isiko laseGibhithe, njengoba libanzi njengoba liyimfihlakalo.
Zonke izinhlobo zokuqagela zizungeza imibhoshongo yaseGibhithe kanye nemilayezo ebethelwe kuma-hieroglyphics awo. Kulo mcimbi sizogxila ekutadisheni izimpawu zaseGibhithe, incazelo yazo kanye nomlando wezinganekwane eziwuqukethe. Izimpawu zaseGibhithe zazisetshenziswa ngezigaba ezahlukene zempucuko yaseGibhithe ukumela imiqondo eminingi nemibono yezinganekwane zabo.. Abaningi babehlobene nonkulunkulu abathile baseGibhithe futhi babesetshenziselwa ukumelela unkulunkulu onkulunkulu emibhalweni yabo, ukuhlobisa i amathempeli, njenge iziphandla futhi njengolimi lwakhe sibongile.
Izimpawu zaseGibhithe eGibhithe lasendulo
IGibhithe lasendulo kwakuyisiko lenkolo kakhulu elalizungeza izinganekwane ngonkulunkulu, ngokuvamile zimelelwa ngezimpawu. Lezi zizophinde zisetshenziswe njengendlela yolimi ku- sibongile futhi izomela imibono nemibono engacacile. Babevame ukuhlobisa i- amathuna zobukhosi futhi baqashwe njenge iziphandla ekuphileni kwansuku zonke nasemikhosini engokwesiko.
Ngezansi sizoba imininingwane yezimpawu zaseGibhithe ezimele kakhulu, incazelo yazo kanye nenganekwane engemuva kwazo.
ansed cross noma U-Ankh
Isiphambano siwuphawu lwaseGibhithe olwalusetshenziswa ku sibongile futhi iqukethe isiphambano nengxenye engenhla esesimweni se-oval, iluphu, isibambo noma iluphu. NgesiLatini kusho “isihluthulelo sokuphila okuphakade” o "Isiphambano saseGibhithe". Kuwuphawu olusetshenziswa kabanzi ku-iconography yalesi siko - yaziwa nangokuthi U-Ankh- lisho “ukuphila” futhi lifanekisela ukuphila okuphakade.
Ingenye yama-hieroglyphs avela kaningi emibhalweni yobuciko yaseGibhithe ngokuphathelene nonkulunkulu, njengoba abaseGibhithe babekholelwa ukuthi banamandla nobukhosi phezu kokuphila okuphakade. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukubonakaliswa kwayo, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlole i- inkolo yaseGibhithe kanye nethonya layo emphakathini.
Iso lehorus
Iso lika horus noma Udyat lisho ukuthi "lowo ophelele" futhi kuwuphawu lwaseGibhithe lwelanga olumelela ukuhleleka, ukungaphazanyiswa noma isimo esiphelele. Kungenxa yalokho lufanekisela impilo enhle nesivikelo.
Uphawu luvela kunkulunkulu uHorus, ongunkulunkulu wesibhakabhaka futhi umelelwa ngesimo sokheshe noma indoda enekhanda lokheshe. Ngokwezinganekwane zaseGibhithe, uyise kaHorus, u-Osiris, wabulawa umfowabo uSeti. Le ndaba yezinganekwane ixhuma izimpawu zaseGibhithe ne umfanekiso waseGibhithe lokho kubamele.
Bhungane
Ibhungane kwaba a isilwane esingcwele kwabaseGibithe, ngokuba kwakuhlobene nabo unkulunkulu UKhepri, owazidala ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Wazalwa kabusha njalo ekuseni ngendlela ilanga elibonakala ngayo njalo ekuseni ngomjikelezo wamahora angu-24 ongaphazamiseki. Yingakho eGibhithe lasendulo kwakunenkolelo yokuthi lo nkulunkulu obhekene nokuphuma kwelanga nsuku zonke. Ukubaluleka kwebhungane kukhombisa izimpawu zokuvikela ngesiko laseGibhithe.
UPilar Dyed
El insika djed Ingenye yezimpawu ezindala kakhulu neziphinde zenziwe kabusha zezinganekwane zaseGibhithe, futhi imele amandla nokuzinza. Ixhunywe kunkulunkulu uPtah -umdali - no-Osiris, unkulunkulu wokufa.
El insika djed Kuyinto a ikholomu eyisitaki okubonakala kufana nokuthi umgogodla ungaba yini, obungahlanganisa ukuhleleka nokuzinza, kodwa awazi ngempela ukuthi umeleni into. Ubudlelwano nokuzinza bungabonwa ku Ubuciko baseGibhithe nayo ekhombisa lo mqondo.
Tyet
Lolu phawu lwaziwa nangokuthi isis ifindo o igazi le-isis, unkulunkulukazi axhumene naye.
Kuwuphawu lwemvelaphi engaziwa ethwala ukufana okuthile kwejometri esiphambanweni se U-Ankh futhi incazelo yalo iphinde isikhumbuze lena, njengoba ivame ukuhunyushwa ngokuthi "impilo" o "inhlalakahle". Ukubhekisela empilweni emifanekisweni yaseGibhithe kusimema ukuba sicabange nge Ukubhala kwaseGibhithe kanye neqhaza layo ekudluliseleni le mibono.
Uphaphe lukaMa'at
La ma'at feather kwakuwuphaphe lwentshe olwalufanekisela ubulungisa neqiniso. Ngokuvamile lo mqondo wawufakwe esimweni sikankulunkulukazi (indodakazi kaRa) owayefake uphaphe ekhanda lakhe.
Ngokwezinganekwane zaseGibhithe, ukuze abone iqiniso lapho kungqubuzana, unkulunkulu wayezibeka esikalini esingakwesokunxele, bese kwesokudla kubekwe isikali. ma'at feather, uphaphe lwentshe olwaluqukethe izenzo ezimbi ezenziwa kukho konke ukuphila.
Lesi sikali sembula ubuqiniso besimo, saba ubufakazi obungenakuphikiswa beqiniso. Kufana ne ma'at feather waphenduka uphawu lwangempela loBulungiswa eGibhithe. Ubulungiswa yindikimba ephindaphindayo esingayibona futhi kuyo izimpawu zamanye amasiko.
Ka kanye no Ba
U-Ka no-Ba bamele i- izingxenye zomphefumulo womuntu ngokwezinganekwane zaseGibhithe. KwabaseGibhithe, umuntu wakhiwe ngezinto ezibambekayo nezingaphatheki okunzima ukuzihlanganisa nezinto ezingokomoya ezaziwa namuhla, ngakho asikwazi ukunikeza igama eliqondile lalezi zingxenye.
Esikwaziyo incazelo yalo ebalulekile nokuthi u-ka no-Ba baqoka izingxenye ezimbili zomphefumulo womuntu: ka kuzoba yi ingqikithi yomoya, ngaphandle komzimba, onikezwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa futhi okufanele uhlale ngaphakathi komzimba kukho konke ukuphila. Ngisho nangemva kokushona komuntu, uKa wahlala ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakhe elinde isikhathi sokuphinde ahlangane noBa futhi enze kanjalo. uhambo oluya ezweni elingaphansi. Uphawu lwe-Ka lubhekisela ku Heka, unkulunkulu waseGibhithe ohlobene Umlingo. Lo mqondo wobubili kumuntu ufana nezinkolelo zamanye amasiko, njengoba kuhlolwa kuwo Isiko lamaHindu.
El Ba kubuye kube umqondo ongaqondakali ohlobene nezici eziyingqayizivele zomuntu, kungaba into efana neyakhe ubuntu, futhi kwakubhekwa njengokuphila ngisho nangemva kokufa.
Abakwa-Ba bashiya isidumbu somuntu ngemva kokufa ukuze baye ezweni elingaphansi. Wayengabuyela ethuneni ukuze ahlangane noKa futhi kuze kube yilapho, ngemva kokuqulwa kwecala lika-Osiris, laba bobabili bangaphinde bahlangane ukuze baphile emhlabeni ongaphansi komhlaba. Kungenxa yazo zonke lezi zihambo uBa abhekana nazo ngemva kokufa ukuthi wayemelwe ngamaphiko, kungaba umzimba omise okwenyoni onekhanda lomuntu.
nguSebha
EGibhithe lasendulo kwakukhona ukuthakazelisa okukhulu ngesayensi yezinkanyezi, ngakho abaseGibhithe babenolwazi oluhle lwezinkanyezi nemilaza. Yile ndlela uphawu lwe-Seba olwazalwa ngayo, olwalusetshenziswa kakhulu emidwebeni yaseGibhithe ukumelela izinkanyezi. Ngakho-ke uSeba wayenjalo uphawu lwezinkanyezi, inkolo, isikhathi, ukuphila kwangemva kokufa kanye nonkulunkulu bezinkanyezi nemilaza.
I-Seba iphinde ibe wuphawu oluxhuma nemibono ye iziqalo ezintsha, uhambo, ukufunda, isiqondiso nokuziphatha. Kulesi simo, kungase kuhlotshaniswe ne- impilo emile ngobuciko baseGibhithe, obuvame ukuveza lezi zihloko zokudlulela kanye nokuvuselela.
shen-ring
Indandatho ye-Shen ("ukuzungeza") noma i-shenu iqukethe indilinga onomugqa we-tangent owawufanekisela iluphu yentambo enamafindo futhi imele isivikelo saphakade. Lolu phawu lukhona kakhulu kuma-hieroglyphs aseGibhithe.
intonga izinzipho
El intonga izinzipho o kwaba Iqukethe induku eqondile ethweswe umqhele ekugcineni kwayo isilwane esihle kakhulu futhi ingxenye yaso engezansi imise okwemfoloko. Kukholakala ukuthi lalifanekisela amandla, amandla kanye nokubusa, futhi yayivame ukusetshenziswa oFaro. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana OFaro baseGibhithe, ngikumema ukuthi uhlole umlando wayo.
Uraeus
El Uraeus iwumfanekiso we unkulunkulukazi womfezi I-Wadjet bevame uku zifanekisela amandla negunya loFaro. Kwakuwuphawu oluyisivikelo oluthandwayo loFaro abaningi, okwakuwukuphela kwabo ababengaluthwala njengesici esikhethekile sobukhosi.
I-Crook ne-Flail
Abasebenzi kanye ne-flail ekuqaleni kwakuyizimpawu ezimbili ezimele ze- unkulunkulu Osiris okwathi kamuva kwaba uphawu lobukhosi, olufanekisela amandla negunya loFaro. Abasebenzi bamele i isimo kanye ne-flail inzalo zomhlaba. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimpawu zobukhosi kanye nonkulunkulu kuyindikimba ephindaphindayo ku umfanekiso waseGibhithe nokumelwa kwayo.
I-Ajet
El I-Ajet Kuyinto a I-Hieroglyph yaseGibhithe emelela ukuphuma kwelanga nomkhathizwe.
I-Ajet Ibonakala imelelwe emibhalweni ye-hieroglyphics njengamagquma amabili lapho ilanga liphuma futhi lishona phakathi kwawo, yingakho lichazwa ngokuthi “intaba yelanga eliphumayo” futhi iyi-ideogram "yomkhathizwe", engaphawula indawo yenguquko yonkulunkulu nabafileyo.
EGibhithe lasendulo, amalungu omndeni wasebukhosini angcwatshwa emibhoshongweni eyayihlanganiswa nendlu yasebukhosini. I-Ajet: "Indawo okufanele ube nayo Ah», lapho inkosi efile yayiyoguqulwa futhi izalwe kabusha njengelanga ngaphezu komkhathizwe.
Futhi, I-Ajet livela egameni lephiramidi elikhulu laseGiza, Ajet Khufu. Futhi kufakwe egameni likaFaro odumile akhenate owakha umuzi obizwa ngegama lakhe.
Ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zaseGibhithe lasendulo, i- izigqoko ngomumo wempumalanga-ntshonalanga kukhombisa uphawu lwe-hieroglyphic lwe I-Ajet, Umkhathizwe.
winged sun disk
I-sun disk enamaphiko Kuwuphawu lwesivikelo oluhambisana nobunkulunkulu, ubukhosi namandla. Nakuba kuwuphawu lwaseGibhithe lasendulo, ukuhlukahluka kwalolu phawu kuye kwatholakala emasikweni asendulo aseNingizimu Melika.
I-Sistrum noma i-sistrum
El i-sistrum Kwakuyithuluzi elingcwele laseGibhithe lasendulo elalisetshenziswa amasiko okudansa kanye nemikhosi ukudumisa i onkulunkulukazi UHathor, Isis noBastet.
Umumo we-sistrum ukhumbuza ubuso nezimpondo zenkomo kankulunkulukazi. I-Hathor.
Isis Endimeni yakhe njengomama nomdali, wayezomela izikhukhula zoMfula iNayile ephethe i-sistrum esandleni sakhe. Yingakho kweminye imicikilisho i i-sistrum njengendlela yokugwema ukugcwala kwalo mfula.
Unkulunkulukazi Bastet kaningi ivezwa nge i-sistrum, efanekisela indima yakhe njengonkulunkulukazi womdanso, injabulo nokugubha. Kulo mongo, ukugujwa kwale mikhosi kuhlobene ne izimpawu zokuvikela eGibhithe lasendulo.
I-Menat
El I-Menat bekuyi umgexo waseGibhithe enomumo wesici kanye ne-counterweight ukuyigcina isendaweni efanele. Yena I-Menat iqoka i unkulunkulukazi waseGibhithe Hathor futhi njenge-sistrum, yayihlobene eduze nalo nkulunkulukazi.
Izimpawu zaseGibhithe namuhla
Kuningi okusele kwefa lesiko laseGibhithe namuhla. Nakuba namuhla izimpawu zaseGibhithe zingasetshenzisiwe nencazelo yesikhathi esidlule, isebenze njenge ugqozi emhlabeni wezobuciko nezakhiwo, besebenzisa izimpawu zabo njengezakhi zokuhlobisa kanye emhlabeni wezemfashini ubucwebe nobuhlalu obuhambisanayo bubukeka bugqugquzelwe yilesi siko.
Kunjalo Ngeke baphuthelwe emicimbini yemvunulo, nasesinema iyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza kabusha isiko layo lemilingo kumamuvi afana "The "umama" (1999) kanye nokunye okude, lapho sizokwazi khona ukubona ngeso lengqondo izimpawu zaseGibhithe ngendlela ehluke kakhulu ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, manje njengoba sesiyazi incazelo yazo.
Sithemba ukuthi ukuthole kuwusizo futhi ulujabulele lolu hambo lokudlula eGibhithe Lasendulo ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zalo.