I-Yemen iyizwe lapho umlando namasiko angagcini nje ngokubonwa, kodwa futhi abonwa, athintwa, futhi agqokwe. Izingubo zomdabu zase-Yemeni zingaphezu nje kwengubo. Ukukhuluma ngezimpahla zokugqoka e-Yemen ukukhuluma ngobuwena, inkumbulo ehlangene, kanye nokumelana namasiko embulungeni yonke okumangazayo nokuheha noma yisiphi isivakashi.
Ekhulwini lama-21, i-Yemen isabambelele emasikweni ayo, ikhombisa amagugu esizwe, asemaphandleni, namadolobha acebile ngezingubo zayo. Amadolobha akhona, izimakethe nemikhosi yawo kuyisizinda esiphila kuso lapho ingubo ngayinye ixoxa khona izindaba zamadlozi, iveza umuzwa wokuba nengxenye, futhi ibonisa isimo sezulu, indawo ezungezile nezindinganiso zomphakathi. Lapha, sikuthatha ohambweni lokuthola izimfihlo nezinto ezithokozisayo zezingubo zase-Yemeni. isimemo sokuhamba phakathi kwesihlabathi nesiko.
Ifa lendwangu kanye nokubaluleka komphakathi
La Izingubo zomdabu eYemen ziwubufakazi obuphathekayo bamagugu amasiko ezwe.Isiqephu ngasinye, owesilisa nowesifazane, sinencazelo ethile maqondana ne indawo, the isimo senhlalo futhi i isimo somuntu siqu womuntu oyiphetheyo. Izingubo azigcini nje ngokusigcina sifudumele, kodwa futhi zixhumana, zihlukanise futhi zixoxe. izindaba zezizwe zakudala, imindeni kanye nezifunda.
Imihlobiso kanye nezinsiza —ikakhulukazi ezembatho zamadoda—zihlanganisa izinganekwane, izinganekwane nezaga osekungamakhulu eminyaka zidluliswa. Izingubo ziyaguquguquka, zijwayelane, futhi zihlanganisa izinto zesimanjemanje, nokho zigcina inani lazo njengezimpawu zobunikazi nokumelana nezitayela zomhlaba.
I-Mawaz nama-maawiis: Ubuciko bokugqoka emadodeni aseYemeni
Uma uhamba emadolobheni nasemadolobheni ase-Yemeni, kuvamile ukuthola amadoda egqoke ingubo enesici: iMawaz o amawisi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-futa kwezinye izindawo. Indwangu enemibala futhi enephethini esongwe okhalweni, evala umzimba kusukela enkambweni engezansi kuya maphakathi nemilenze. Ukuguquguquka kwayo nokunethezeka kwayo kuyenza ilungele isimo sezulu esishisayo nempilo yansuku zonke..
- Amawaz ayahluka kakhulu kuye ngesifunda.Amamodeli adumile afana ne-Al-Baydani, Al-Lahji, Al-Hadrami, Al-Shabwani, Al-Tuhamy noma i-Al-Wasabi ayaziwa, ngalinye linamaphethini alo, imibala nezitayela.
- Okwasekuqaleni kwenziwa kusukela ukotini wendawo omhlopheEmashumini eminyaka amuva nje, izintambo ezingenisiwe ezivela e-Indonesia, e-India nase-China ziye zahlanganiswa, okuphinde kwaphindaphinda imiklamo engenzeka kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zokuqeda.
- Intengo ingaba kusuka kumadola ayishumi kuye kwayikhulu., kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwendwangu, ikhwalithi kanye yinkimbinkimbi ye-motifs yokuhlobisa.
- Ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje akumisanga ukwanda kwakho; Njengamanje i-mawaz isetshenziswa ngaphandle kwaseYemen, ikakhulukazi emazweni angomakhelwane nasemiphakathini yaseYemeni eMpumalanga Afrika.
Ezindaweni ezifana ne- I-Hadramaut Ezifundeni ezisogwini oluseningizimu, amadoda avame ukufaka ingubo yama-Arab evamile esikhundleni se-maawiis kanye nehembe elilula noma isikibha. I-maawiis ibanjwe ibhande, ngokuvamile elihlanganisa insangu yendabuko, umakhalekhukhwini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nevolovolo. Imiklamo—esicaba, enemigqa, enezimbali, noma yejiyomethri—ihlukahluka kangangokuthi ukukhetha owodwa kuba ubuciko..
Ilukuluku lendawo liyindlela engavamile yokuhlala yamadoda ase-Hadramaut: Banqamula imilenze yabo futhi balungise isigqoko emzimbeni wabo ukuze basekele amadolo abo, imininingwane emangalisa izivakashi eziningi.
I-Yambiyyah: I-dagger ehlanganisa umlando, ubuciko kanye nesimo
Uma kukhona uphawu olungenakuhlukaniswa lwezingubo zesilisa zase-Yemeni, yi- Yambiyyah (noma i-jambiya), inkemba emfishane, egobile leyo imele udumo, inhlonipho kanye nokuba nesizwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo akugcini kubantu abadala kuphela: Kusukela eminyakeni engu-14—futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphambi kwalokho—intsha iqala ukuthwala eyayo iYambiyyah, ngokuvamile njengengxenye yomkhuba wokudlula..
Ekuqaleni, i-jambiyyah yayiyithuluzi lokuzivikela nokuzingela., kodwa iye yashintsha yaba isici sokuhlobisa kuphela kanye nophawu lokuhlukanisa emphakathini. Ukubaluleka kwayo kufana nokuthi iba yifa lomndeni, elidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, futhi ukudalwa kwalo kuwubuciko beqiniso:
- Isibambo (ikapa) Ngokuvamile iqoshwe ezimpondweni zembuzi noma zenkomo, futhi ihlotshiswe ngegolide, isiliva noma ithusi, kanye nemibhalo nezimpawu zezizwe.
- Ikhava Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokhuni, embozwe ngesikhumba noma ngendwangu futhi ehlotshiswe ngemicu kakotini enemibala, ebonisa isimo nengcebo yomnikazi.
- Intengo nokuhlonishwa kweYambiyyah kuncike eminyakeni nasezingeni lokuhlobisa kwayo.: Uma indala futhi inemininingwane eyengeziwe, ifisa kakhulu.
- ISana'a, inhloko-dolobha, yayiyisizinda semboni nohwebo.Nakuba zingathengwa kulo lonke elase-Yemen namuhla, izingcezu zakudala ezivela e-Sana'a zihlala ziyigugu kakhulu.
I-Yambiyyah itholakala yonke indawo emigubhweni yomphakathi nasemicikilishweni. Emishadweni, amadoda adansa imidanso yesintu ehlohla insangu njengophawu lwenjabulo nokuba khona kwawo.Nakuba kungase kushaqise kubantu bangaphandle, ukuba khona kwalesi sikhali-futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ne-Kalashnikov-ezimpahleni zenza umsebenzi wobunikazi, njengoba kungavamile ukusetshenziselwa noma yini enye kulezi zinsuku. Ukuligqoka kufana nokuhlonipha nokubambelela emithethweni yezizwe namasiko, futhi kunikeza udumo emphakathini..
Izingubo zabesifazane: phakathi kwesiko nombala
La Izingubo zabesifazane eYemen zihlukahlukene njengezwe lakhona, kanye nezinguquko ngokuya ngesifunda, inkathi, kanye nesenzakalo senhlalo. Isici esibonakala kakhulu nesibonakalayo yi- Abaya, ingubo ende emnyama evala wonke umzimba futhi ngokuvamile ihambisana ne-a i-velo okushiya obala amehlo kuphela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nezenkolo.
Naphezu kokuthobeka kwangaphandle, ngaphansi kwezingubo zabesifazane ze-abaya zingaba nemibala emangalisayo futhi zinhle.Ezindaweni zasekhaya noma emibuthanweni yabesifazane bonke, abesifazane bagqoka izingubo zansuku zonke, ngokuvamile ezinemibala yegolide kanye nezifekethiso eziwubukhazikhazi.
- I-abaya yesimanje Iguqukile, ihlanganisa imiklamo emisha, ukufekethiswa kwejiyomethri, ngisho nemicu yegolide nesiliva, ngaleyo ndlela ikhombisa ubuhlakani bomuntu ogqokile kanye nesimo senhlalo.
- Izingubo zabesifazane ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezinkathi zonyaka, imicimbi yomphakathi kanye namasiko endawo.: Ingubo yomshado, isibonelo, iyashintsha kuye ngobude kanye nohlobo lomkhosi.
- Amagugu Baziswa kakhulu futhi bafeza izinhloso ezimbili: basebenza njengomshuwalense wezezimali uma kunesidingo futhi njengophawu olubonakalayo lokuvelela, kanye nomthombo wokuqhathanisa nokuziqhenya phakathi kwabesifazane.
Ukuhambela umshado wabesifazane eYemen kuwumbukwane wombala, ukukhanya, nobuciko bezindwangu.. Ngemva kokudlula emnyango opholile, ngaphakathi kwehholo, abesifazane babonisa izingubo ezigqamile, izindwangu ezithambile, nobucwebe begolide, okwenza umcimbi ube umbukiso wemfashini yesintu engaba umona wanoma yimuphi umgwaqo wezindiza. Amabhande egolide aqinile adonsa amehlo ikakhulukazi kule migubho..
El i-trousseau yabesifazane (izingubo, izindwangu, nobucwebe) kuwumthombo wokuziqhenya futhi kuwuphawu lokuzimela: uma kwenzeka isehlukaniso noma ukwenqatshwa, kuhlala kusezandleni zowesifazane. Isiko lokuwabonisa nokuwaqhathanisa nelabanye besifazane lisabalele, lisiza ukuqinisa ubudlelwano bomphakathi kanye nokugcina izici ezibalulekile zobunikazi besifazane baseYemeni.
Ukuphila kwansuku zonke namasiko omphakathi kubonakala ezingutsheni
La Indlela abantu baseYemeni abagqoka ngayo iyinkomba eqondile yempilo yabo yezenhlalo, yasemakhaya kanye neyezizweAmadoda ase-Yemeni amangaza izivakashi zaseNtshonalanga ngezingubo zawo zasendulo: izigqoko, iziketi, i-jambiyyah kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi lapho ubuhlobo nokuxhumana phakathi kwamadoda kungokwemvelo ngokupheleleKuvamile ukubona abangani bebambana ngezandla, beqabulana esihlathini njengokubingelelana, noma benyakazisa izandla bekhuluma, konke lokho kusikisela uthando nokuhloniphana.
El inhlonipho kwabesifazane kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwezikhala zabesilisa nabesifazane Lezi yizici ezibalulekile zomphakathi. Imithetho eqinile yezenkolo ikhawulela ukuba khona kwabantu besifazane esidlangalaleni futhi ikhawulela ukuthwebula kwabo izithombe ezindaweni ezifana ne-Sana'a, nakuba lokhu kuvinjelwa kungahlali kuqinile njengoba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.
Uguquko, ukumelana nokuba khona kokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke
Ngesikhathi Izingubo zomdabu zase-Yemeni ziye zaba nezinguquko ngokufika kwezindwangu ezintsha, imishini yesimanje, nemfashini yangaphandle., iyaqhubeka nokugcina ingqikithi yayo nokuqina. Abathungi bavame ukuzivumelanisa nemiklamo yokhokho, bahlanganisa amaphethini esimanje nezinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, banikele engutsheni ehlanganisa ukuhlonipha amagugu nokuvuleleka emisha.
I-Yemen ikwazile ukugcina imfashini yayo yendabuko lapho ibhekene nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.Nakuba izingubo zomdabu zakwamanye amazwe ziyanyamalala noma ziphela, eYemen kusengenzeka ukubona iningi labantu—abesilisa, abesifazane, nezingane—begqoke izingubo zabo ezibahlukanisayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke futhi, ikakhulukazi, emikhosini, emishadweni nasemigidini.
I-Architecture, imvelo kanye nomthelela wayo ezingutsheni
Asikwazi ukuqonda izingubo e-Yemen ngaphandle kokubheka imvelo kanye nezakhiwo. Amadolobha, njengawo Sana'a, Shibam noma Tarim, izindawo lapho ukuphila kwansuku zonke nezingubo kuhlangana khona kube isilungiselelo esisodwa. Imigwaqo ye-labyrinthine, izimakethe eziphithizelayo kanye nezigodlo ze-adobe namatshe Bakha futhi bakhulise ukubaluleka kokugqoka ngokwesiko.
Ezindaweni eziwugwadule, izingubo ezingasindi, ezipholile zibalulekile ukuze zimelane nokushisa nothuli. Ezifundeni ezinezintaba noma ezisogwini, izinto zokwakha nezitayela ziyahlukahluka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nomswakama, amazinga okushisa aphansi, noma isidingo sokuhamba emisebenzini yasemaphandleni neyasolwandle.
Izimakethe, imikhosi kanye nokuhlala njalo kwemfashini yendabuko
Vakashela i- Izimakethe zaseYemen (souks) ziwuhambo lwezinzwa lapho izingubo ziba maphakathiEzindaweni ezinjengalezi Imakethe ye-Kat noma i-bazaar yendabuko yase-Sanaa, umuntu angalahleka phakathi kwezitebele zezindwangu, imifekethiso, ubucwebe namadaga, ethola uhla olungenamkhawulo lwemibala nokuthungwa. Izimakethe akuzona kuphela izindawo zokuhweba, kodwa futhi nezindawo zokuhlangana kanye nezikhungo zokuqinisekisa amasiko..
Ngesikhathi se- imikhosi nemikhosi yenkolo noma yomndeniIzingubo zomdabu zithatha indima enkulu nakakhulu. Amadoda agqoka ama-maawii awo aphambili, abukise nge-Jambiyyah yawo yasendulo, futhi adanse nomndeni nabangane, kuyilapho abesifazane bebuthana ezindaweni eziyimfihlo ukuze babonise ubucwebe, ubucwebe, nokufekethiswa okuklanywe kahle.
Ifa eliphilayo phakathi kogwadule kanye nesimanjemanje
La Izingubo zase-Yemeni zingaphezu kwemfashini: intambo yokuxhuma phakathi kwezihlabathi zasendulo, umlando wezizwe kanye nesipho esiyinselele.Ngezingubo zayo, iYemen ilandisa ngomlando wayo, ikhombisa ukwehlukahlukana kwayo, futhi ikhombisa ukuhlangana kwayo kwamathonya amaSulumane, ase-Afrika, nawase-Asia. Imfashini yasendaweni ayishintshile: iyazisungula ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umphefumulo wayo, ijwayelana ngaphandle kokulahla okwedlule.
Noma ngubani odabula eYemen, noma ngabe ngomcabango kuphela, uzoqonda ukuthi kukhona amazwe lapho isikhathi simile, hhayi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwenqubekela phambili, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuziqhenya kokugcina ubuqiniso buphilaAbahambi bathi ukuhambahamba emadolobheni abo kusho ukubuyela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, befakaza izindaba ezivela e-Arabian Nights, nokucwila emasikweni okuthi nakuba ebonakala emangaza, athakazelisa futhi ajule njengabantu.
Ukuhamba ngezingubo zase-Yemeni ukuthola umkhathi wezimpawu, izindaba kanye namagugu. okweqa ubuciko nje futhi akha ukubonakaliswa kwangempela, okuqinile nokuhle kwesiko lama-Arab.
