Amakati ahambisane nesintu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo futhi, phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, Sebephenduke esinye sezilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwa kakhulu nezingaqondakali ezikhona.Ukuhlukahluka kwabo kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuyathakazelisa kangangokuthi ukuhlola izinhlobo zamakati zamazwe ngamazwe akusho ukuthola umehluko ongokomzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi nezindaba eziyingqayizivele zokuzivumelanisa kwabantu, ukufuduka, nokukhetha.
Kulesi sihloko sizocwilisa umsuka kanye nezici zezinhlobo eziningi ze-feline aqashelwa umhlaba wonke, afaka yonke into kusukela ezimpandeni zawo zomlando namasiko kuya ekuguqulweni kwemvelo, iziphambano ezimangalisa kakhulu, nezici ezihlukile ezizenza zihluke. Lungela ukujula emhlabeni ohehayo wezinhlobo zamakati: kusuka izici zayo zomzimba, abalingiswa kanye nezinganekwane, ezicini eziqhube ukuvela kwayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Zingaki izinhlobo zamakati ezikhona futhi zenzeka kanjani?
Inani lezinhlobo eziqashelwayo ze-feline liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngenhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ezihlukanisayo., kodwa singasho ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa ezihlonzwe kulo lonke iplanethi. Isibonelo, i-International Cat Association (TICA) ibala cishe izinhlobo ezingama-73 ezisemthethweni, Nakuba i-International Federation of Felines (FIFe) nezinye izinhlangano zingase zizihlanganise noma zizihlukanise ngezigaba ezihlukene ngokusekelwe kumibandela efana nosayizi, ijazi, noma i-morphology.
Lezi zinhlobo ziye zavela ngezindlela eziningi: ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezizenzakalelayo, ukuhlukanisa imvelo, ukuxutshwa okuqondiswe ngumuntu, kanye nokujwayela kwezindawo kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ziwumphumela wokuhlalisana kwamakhulu eminyaka endaweni ethile, kuyilapho ezinye zidalwe elabhorethri noma ngokukhethwa ngamabomu ukuze kutholwe izici ezithile.
Umsuka nomlando wezinhlobo zezinsikazi
Ukufuywa kwamakati kwaqala cishe eminyakeni eyizi-9.500 edlule eMpumalanga Ephakathi., lapho amakati asendle okuqala ebhala khona I-Felis lybica (i-African wildcat) yaqala ukusondelana nemiphakathi yabantu, ikhangwa inala yamagundane ezindaweni ezifuywayo. Lobu budlelwano be-symbiotic buvune ukuvela kwamakati ajwayela ukuphilisana kwabantu, kwabeka izisekelo zezinhlobo esizazi namuhla njenge UFelis catus.
Izinhlobo zokuqala ezaziwayo azizange zivele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-19, lapho imibukiso yekati yokuqala ihlelwa futhi ukuzalanisa okukhethiwe kwaqala ukuthandwa eYurophu, ikakhulukazi e-Great Britain. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, amakati ayehlonishwa kakhulu ngenxa yamakhono awo okuzingela izinambuzane, kodwa izici zawo zomzimba nezomlingiswa zaqala ukunakwa, zivula indlela eya ezinhlobonhlobo ezingavamile.
Phakathi kwezindlela eziye zabangela izinhlobo ezintsha zokuzalanisa ukuvela kokuguquka kwemvelo (njenge-Manx engenamsila) nokuhlanganiswa kabusha kwezakhi zofuzo, kanye nokuzalanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezikhona ukuze kutholakale ukubukeka okuthile noma isimo sengqondo esithile. Izibonelo zakudala i-Himalayan (umphumela wesiphambano esihleliwe phakathi kwamaPheresiya namaSiamese) noma izinhlobo ezintsha ezifana ne-Sphynx (ikati elingenaboya, elithuthukiswe ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ligcinwa ngokukhetha).
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Kwezinhlobo Zekati
Izinhlangano eziningana zenze isiphakamiso sezinhlelo zokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane emhlabeni wonke, enye yezinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yileyo ye-International Feline Federation (FIFe), ehlanganisa amakati abe yizigaba ezine ezibanzi ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwejazi lawo kanye ne-morphology:
- Isigaba I: Amakati anemizimba emifushane futhi eqinile, njengePheresiya (izinwele ezinde) kanye ne-Exotic (izinwele ezimfushane kodwa isakhiwo esifanayo nesePheresiya).
- Isigaba II: Izinhlobo ezinezinwele ezinde, ezinezinwele ezimaphakathi, nezinemisipha, okuhlanganisa i-Maine Coon, i-Ragdoll, i-Siberian, i-Turkish Angora, i-Norwegian Forest Cat, i-Turkish Van, ne-Sacred Burmese, phakathi kwezinye.
- Isigaba III: Iningi lezinhlobo ezinezinwele ezimfushane, isibonelo sezinhlobonhlobo kanye nemvelaphi: i-Abyssinian, i-Bengal, i-British Shorthair, i-Burmese, i-Japanese Bobtail, i-Chartreux, i-Cornish Rex, i-Devon Rex, i-Manx, i-Egypt Mau, i-Sphynx, phakathi kwabanye.
- Isigaba IV: Amakati amancane aseMpumalanga, njengeSiamese, Oriental Shorthair, Longhair, Balinese, Seychellois kanye nezinye izizukulwane zozalo lwase-Asia.
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusisiza ukuba siqonde ukufana nomehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo, kodwa futhi kuveza ukuthi ukukhetha nendawo okuzungezile kuye kwalolonga kanjani ikati elifuywayo ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu kuye ngobubanzi nokuthandwa abantu.
Ikati lizalanisa ngosayizi walo
Usayizi ungenye yezinto eziheha kakhulu ukunaka lapho uhlola izinhlobo ze-feline, njengoba kukhona amakati amakhulu kanye nezinhlobo ezincane ezinezindaba zazo kanye nezici ezihlukile.
Amakati amakhulu namakhulu
- I-Maine Coon: Ebhekwa njengohlobo olukhulu lwasekhaya, la makati angaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwe-10 kg futhi akhule abe ngaphezu kwemitha ubude. Baziwa ngemvelo yabo ethandekayo, ijazi eliwugqinsi, kanye nekhono lokuzingela ezindaweni ezibandayo. Abomdabu baseNyakatho Melika, sebeyizithonjana zangempela emibukisweni nasemakhaya.
- i-highlander: Lolu hlobo luyisiphambano phakathi kwe-lynx ne-American Curl, futhi ludonsela ukunaka ezindlebeni zalo ezigobile kanye nokubukeka komzimba okuhle. Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo okungalawuleki, inothando futhi iyadlala.
- I-Ragamuffin: Bangafinyelela ku-13 kg nangaphezulu kwamasentimitha angama-80 ubude. Baziwa ngokuthanda nokuzola.
- Selkirk Rex: Eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "ikati le-poodle" ngenxa yejazi layo eligoqekile, eligqamile, lihlanganisa usayizi omkhulu nomlingiswa okhululekile.
- IsiBengali: Ngokubukeka okukhumbuza ingwe, iyikati elinamandla, elinobudlelwane futhi elinomdlandla kakhulu.
Amakati amancane
- I-Singapura: Uhlobo oluncane kakhulu olwaziwayo emhlabeni wezinsikazi. Bangamakati asheshayo anoboya obufushane namehlo amakhulu, aziwa ngemvelo yawo esebenzayo neyobudlelwane.
- I-Munchkin: Isici sayo esiyinhloko imilenze yayo emifushane, umphumela wokuguqulwa kofuzo olunikeza ukubukeka okukhangayo nokuyingqayizivele. Nakuba incane ngosayizi, iyashesha kakhulu futhi iyadlala.
- Minskin: Umphumela wokuwela i-Munchkin ne-Sphynx, incane futhi inezinwele ezincane, ezidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile esikhumbeni sayo.
- U-Devon Rex: Encane ngomzimba, kodwa enezindlebe namehlo amakhulu, eyaziwa ngamandla akhe nothando.
- IKorat: Uhlobo lwasendulo lwendabuko yaseThai, oluncane, oluncane, futhi olunomoya onothando nowokuxhumana.
Ikati lizalanisa ngokohlobo lwejazi
Izinhlobonhlobo zamajazi emakati ziyamangaza, kusukela ezicini ezingenaboya ngokuphelele kuya kulawo abonakala egoqwe efwini loboya.. Uhlobo lwejazi alugcini nje ngokunquma ubuhle, kodwa futhi nokunakekelwa okudingekayo futhi, ngokuvamile, imvelaphi nomlando wohlobo.
Amakati anoboya obude, obuminyene
- IsiPheresiya: Ijazi layo elide, eliminyene, elisilika liwuphawu lwayo; umoya wayo ozolile kanye nemvelo ekhululekile iyenza ibe yindabuko phakathi kwabathandi bekati ezifuywayo.
- I-Turkish Angora: Enye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu, edume ngejazi layo elide nelithambile. Isuka e-Türkiye, ilondolozwe nge-crossbreeding encane, ilondoloza izici zayo zasekuqaleni.
- I-Maine Coon ne-Norwegian Forest Cat: Zombili lezi zinhlobo zijwayele izimo zezulu ezibandayo, futhi zinoboya obuningi, obukwazi ukumelana namanzi.
- I-Bobtail yaseJapane enezinwele ezinde: Igqame ngoboya bayo obusilika kanye nomsila wayo ongajwayelekile omise okwe-pompom.
Amakati anezinwele ezimfishane
- I-British Shorthair: Enye yezindala, enoboya obufushane, obuminyene, obungangeni manzi kanye nobuntu obuzolile.
- Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwesiRashiya: Ingqimba ephindwe kabili yoboya obunikeza lokho kubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuhlukile, kanye nokuzwela okukhethekile.
- eMumbai: Izinwele zakhe ezimfishane, ezimnyama zihluke njengemvelo yakhe enobungane kanye ne-meow ehlukile.
amakati angenazinwele
- I-Sphynx: Liqashelwa njengekati lokuqala elisemthethweni elingenazinwele, lavela eCanada ngokuguqulwa kwemvelo. Unobudlelwane kakhulu, unelukuluku, futhi odinga ukuthintana nomuntu.
- I-Elf: Ingxube phakathi kwe-Sphynx ne-American Curl, igqama ngokugoba kwezindlebe zayo kanye nokuntuleka kwayo ngokuphelele kwezinwele.
- I-Minskin ne-Kohana: Ezinye izinhlobo ezingenazinwele ezinezici ezihlukene, zombili ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba nokushisa kwemvelo.
Indawo ngayinye yeplanethi inikele ngezinhlanga ezinomlando nezici ezithile kakhulu.
Izinhlobo eziningi zinomlando oqondile kanye nezici ezibonisa isifunda namasiko ezivela kuwo., ngokuvamile ngokuphathelene namasiko endawo, izinganekwane noma izidingo.
- IGibhithe: I-Mau yase-Egypt ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu, ezihlonishwa eGibhithe Lasendulo futhi zivela emisebenzini eminingi yobuciko, izinganekwane, kanye nokucwiliswa kwezidumbu.
- I-Persia: IsiPheresiya, esilethwe eYurophu sisuka eMpumalanga Ephakathi ngekhulu le-17, sijabulele ukuthandwa yizikhulu kanye nezithombe eziphefumulelwe kanye namaqoqo obuciko.
- I-Thailand: Ikati lamaSiamese kanye neKorat adabuka kule ndawo, axhumene namathempeli amaBuddha kanye nezimpawu zenhlanhla.
- Igalikuni: I-Turkish Angora kanye neTurkish Van zigcina izinto zasendulo ezimangalisayo, zaziswa kakhulu ngobuhle bazo kanye nokuhlanzeka kwezakhi zofuzo.
- I-Japan: I-Japanese Bobtail, enomsila wayo omfushane, ogobile ohlukile, iyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko lamaJapane futhi ivele emisebenzini eminingi yobuciko.
- I-Russia: I-Russian Blue kanye ne-Siberian Blue yizibonelo zokujwayela isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu kanye nobudlelwano obude nemindeni yesifunda.
- I-United States ne-Canada: Baye babona ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezifana ne-Maine Coon, i-American Shorthair kanye ne-Sphynx, ebonisa ukuhlukahluka kofuzo kanye nokweqa phakathi kwezizukulwane zendabuko kanye nezangaphandle.
Ezinye izinhlobo zamuva zakhiwe ngokuphelele ngabantu, njenge-Ashera, ingxubevange eyakhiwe elabhorethri e-United States, noma i-Bengal, umphumela wokuzalanisa okuhleliwe namakati asendle ukuze kuzuzwe ukubukeka okungavamile kanye nesimo sasekhaya.
Izinhlanga zasendulo: umlando, izinganekwane kanye namaqiniso
Umlando wamakati uphawuleka ngezinganekwane nezinsumansumane kuwo wonke amasiko.Ezinye izinhlobo zibhekwa njengezinto eziphilayo eziyiqiniso ngenxa yemvelaphi yazo yasendulo kanye nokuba khona kwazo emibhalweni yasendulo noma ubuciko.
- I-Egyptian Mau: Ihlotshaniswa nonkulunkulukazi uBastet, yayibhekwa njengengcwele futhi iwumthombo wenhlanhla. Inzalo yayo yesimanje igcina uboya obunamabala kanye namehlo aluhlaza aboniswa kubuciko bamapharaonic.
- IsiPheresiya: Imvelaphi engaqinisekiswanga, kodwa ebhalwe e-Europe kusukela ngekhulu le-17, yayiwuphawu lwesimo nokunethezeka, kanye nesiqephu esifiselekayo emibukisweni yamazwe ngamazwe.
- Isi-Siamese: Ebhalwe kusukela ngekhulu le-14 emibhalweni yaseThailand, wayengumnakekeli wamathempeli nezigodlo.
- I-Turkish Angora: Njengoba isivele ikhona emibhalweni yesandla nasezindabeni zekhulu le-15, yajabulela ukuthandwa okukhulu enkantolo yase-Ottoman futhi kamuva eYurophu.
- I-Abyssinian: Nakuba imvelaphi yayo yangempela iphikiswa, abanye bayibeka e-Ethiopia (i-Abyssinia yasendulo) futhi bayixhumanisa namakati aboniswe emifanekisweni yaseGibhithe.
Izinhlobo zesimanje: izindlela ezintsha nokukhetha okumangazayo
Ikhulu le-19 kanye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ikhulu lama-20 nelama-21 kube yizikhathi zokuqanjwa kabusha okukhulu ekuzaleni nasekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezintsha zezilwane.Abafuyi baye bafuna izici ezithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuhle, ubuntu, noma ilukuluku elilula lofuzo.
- I-Sphynx: Esinye sezibonelo ezivelele kakhulu zokukhethwa kwesimanje, okuvela ekuguquguqukeni kofuzo okuzenzakalelayo futhi okulungisiwe ngokuhlanganisa okuhleliwe.
- I-Ashera: Ingxubevange enempikiswano, umphumela wenhlanganisela yaselabhorethri yezinhlobo zasekhaya nezasendle, ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokuvela kwayo okungavamile kanye nenani eliphezulu.
- IsiBengali: Lifunwa ijazi lalo elinamabala kanye nemvelo ephilayo, leli kati liyingxube yekati elifuywayo kanye nekati lengwe yase-Asia.
- I-Bambino, i-Minskin, i-Ukraine Levkoy ne-Elf: Izinhlobo ezintsha ezidalwe emashumini eminyaka amuva, eziningi zazo eziwumphumela wokuwela izinhlobo ezingenazinwele ezinemilenze emifushane noma izinhlobo ezinezindlebe ezimise ngendlela engavamile.
Izici ezihlukile kanye nesimo sengqondo sezinhlobo zamazwe ngamazwe
Ngalé kokubukeka, uhlobo ngalunye lunomoya nezidingo ezithile., okubenza bafaneleke kakhulu izinhlobo ezithile zamakhaya noma imindeni. Ezinye izinhlobo zinobungane, ziyaphuma, futhi ziyadlala, kuyilapho ezinye zithanda ukuzimela nokuzola.
- Udoli wendwangu: Yaziwa ngokuhlala ikhululeke ngokuphelele ezingalweni zomnikazi wayo, ilungele labo abafuna umngane ozolile nonothando.
- Isi-Siamese: Iphimbo ngokwedlulele futhi incike ekuthintaneni kwabantu, idinga ukunakwa njalo nokukhuthazwa.
- I-Maine Coon: Inobungane, iyabekezelela izingane nezilwane, futhi inomqondo wokuzingela othuthuke kakhulu.
- U-Devon Rex no-Cornish Rex: Unamandla kakhulu futhi unonya, futhi unothando futhi uthembekile.
- eMumbai: Inothando kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyiqeqesha, ijwayelana kahle namafulethi nemindeni esebenzayo.
- I-Sphynx, i-Minskin nezinhlobo ezingenazinwele: Badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwesikhumba kanye nokuvikelwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, kodwa bavame ukuncika kakhulu futhi bathandeke kakhulu abanakekeli babo.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda izici ezithile zohlobo ngalunye ngaphambi kokuthatha noma ukuthenga ikati, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi liyifanelekela impilo yomkhaya wakho kanye nalokho okulindele kuwe.
Amasiko ahlukene abe namuphi umthelela ekuzalaneni kwezilwane?
Amasiko abantu ashiye uphawu olungenakucimeka ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo kanye nokwazisa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-feline.Kusukela ekukhulekeleni amakati eGibhithe kanye nokuba khona kwawo emathempelini nasezindlini zobukhosi e-Asia, kuya ekukhethweni kofuzo eYurophu naseMelika, izintandokazi zamasiko ziye zaqhuba kokubili ukudalwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nokugcinwa kozalo lwasendulo.
EGibhithe, amakati ayenziwe onkulunkulu, futhi nanamuhla i-Mau yaseGibhithe iwumfanekiso walelo fa. EThailand, amaSiamese ayewuphawu lwamandla amahle nesivikelo esingokomoya. EJapan, i-Japanese Bobtail inokuhambisana okukhulu kwezobuciko, futhi ku Rusia Izinhlobo eziqinile nezimelana nokubanda ziye zathuthukiswa, zaziswa kakhulu ngokwethembeka nobuhle bazo.
Esikhathini samanje, i- ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwabafuyi Baye basheshisa kokubili ukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nokuhlenga izinhlu ezisengcupheni yokushabalala, okukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka okungakaze kubonwe emlandweni wezinsikazi.
Ukubaluleka kwezakhi zofuzo nokuguqulwa kwezinhlobo zesimanje
I-Genetics idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhamukeni kwezinhlobo ezintsha kanye nasekulondolozeni izici eziyingqayizivele.Izinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla ziwumphumela wokuguquka kwemvelo okuye kwalungiswa ngokuzalanisa okukhethekile ngenxa yokuthi zibhekwa njengezikhangayo noma ezingavamile.
- Isi-Manx: Isuka e-Isle of Man, idume ngokungabi namsila (noma omfishane kakhulu), isici esibangelwa ukuguquka kwesimo okuzenzakalelayo.
- UCornish Rex, uDevon Rex, uRex waseJalimane: Izinhlobo ezizimele kodwa ezinesici esivamile sejazi lazo eligoqekile, umphumela wokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene okuphindaphindiwe.
- I-American Curl: Izindlebe zabo ezigobile emuva ziyisici esivelele soguquko olukhonjwe eCalifornia ngeminyaka yawo-80s futhi zakhuliswa kusukela lapho.
- I-Munchkin: Imilenze emifushane isuka ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo okuye kwabangela ukuba kube nohlobo oludumile nolwaziswayo.
Ukwehlukahlukana kwezinhlanga kanye nomthelela wako ekuhlalisaneni nabantu
Uhlu olubanzi lwezinhlobo zezilwane ezitholakala namuhla likuvumela ukuthi uthole umngane ophelele wayo yonke indlela yokuphila, umndeni noma ubuntu.Kusukela kumakati anothando kakhulu nancike kulawo ajabulela ukuzimela nokuthula, kukhona uhlobo lwazo zonke izintandokazi.
Ezinye izinhlobo, njenge-Ragdoll noma i-Siberian Husky, zinhle kakhulu emindenini enezingane., kuyilapho i-Siamese noma yaseMpumalanga ingase ifaneleke kangcono kubantu abakhuthele, abanobudlelwane. Izinhlobo ezingenazinwele noma zokunakekelwa okukhethekile, njenge-Sphynx, zidinga abanakekeli abaqaphelayo nabanomthwalo wemfanelo.
Kunoma yikuphi, ikati ngalinye lihlukile, ngisho nangaphakathi kohlobo lwayo, futhi kudinga ukunakwa, uthando nokuqonda ukuze kuthuthuke ngokugcwele njengelungu lomndeni.