Isibhakabhaka sasebusuku siye sathakazelisa isintu amakhulu eminyaka, singaqapheli ukuthi siye saheha kangakanani izazi zesayensi yezinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi Ingaphezu kwezigidi zezinkanyezi ezinhle, ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi singakwazi ukufunda okuningi ngendawo yonke kanye nomthala odlula ngale.
Ngaphandle kokuba nolwazi lobuchwepheshe obusha, bezindlela zokungcebeleka ezifana nesinema, i-inthanethi, ithelevishini, njll. Isibhakabhaka nemilaza kwaba a umbukiso wasebusuku, ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo imilaza yayisiza amatilosi olwandle olumnyama ukuba afike endaweni yawo, manje sekusiza izazi zezinkanyezi ukuthola imfihlakalo eyifihlayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwazi ukuthi lezi ziqanjwe kanjani izinkanyezi ingacebisa ukuqonda kwethu imithala esiyibukayo.
Phambilini besingenazo izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengekhampasi noma iGPS, sinezinkanyezi, imilaza ingasisiza ngendlela esibheke ngayo ngoba ikhombisa ibanga, isiqondiso nendlela okufanele sihambe ngayo. Emhlabeni, ukwazi ukuthi ikuphi indawo, sinikeza i-latitude (elilingana nebanga eliphakathi kweNorth Pole kanye ne-South Pole) kanye ne-longitude (ibanga eliphakathi kweMpumalanga neNtshonalanga). Ngokufanayo kukhona izixhumanisi zasezulwini futhi zibizwa ngokuthi i-Declination (efana ne-latitude yoMhlaba) kanye ne-Right Ascension (okulingana nobude bomhlaba).
Ayini Imilaza?
Umlaza iqoqo lezinkanyezi endaweni yesibhakabhaka eseduze kangangokuthi unikeza ukubukeka okungokomfanekiso kwesibalo Dome celeste. Ngakho-ke umlaza uthathwa njengenkanyezi (isibalo esiphawuleka ikakhulukazi izinkanyezi ezikhazimulayo).
Ungafunda futhi. . . IMIthala, AMAFOMU YAYO AYINANDI KANYE NEZINKOSI ZAYO EZINGAVAMILE.
Esibhakabhakeni, i izinkanyezi zomlaza zikude kakhulu kwelinye kodwa zihlelwe zaba izibalo, futhi umlaza awunalo ibanga elingalinganiswa. Amaqoqo ezinkanyezi asentshonalanga ahlukaniswe abe izingxenye ezimbili, ahlukanise isibhakabhaka kakhulu noma ngaphansi kuwo womabili ama-hemispheres asemhlabeni, isibhakabhaka esiseningizimu siseningizimu kanye nesibhakabhaka esisenyakatho enyakatho. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namaqoqo ezinkanyezi kulesi sifunda, ungathintana imilaza yaseningizimu.
Mangaki amaqoqo ezinkanyezi akhona?
Kunemilaza ehloliwe engu-88 egcina amagama ayo ezinganekwane, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, ngokusobala, eziningi zezinkanyezi. imilaza eyaziwayo azisaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni. Sekukonke, amagama angamaqhawe angama-mythological ayi-17, izinto ezingama-29 nezilwane ezingama-42, zemvelaphi yasendulo nesimanje. Nokho, phakathi kwabo kukhona Andromeda, Aquila, Auriga, Camelopardalis, Cancer, Capricornus, Cassiopeia, Centaurus, Columba, Coma Berenices, Corvus, Cygnus, Delphinus, Gemini, Leo, Libra, Pegasus, Serpens, Taurus, Ursa Major kanye Virgo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana namaqoqo ezinkanyezi aziwayo, ungavakashela lesi sixhumanisi mayelana imilaza edume kakhulu.
Imilaza Egqame Kakhulu
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ibhere elikhulu
(I-Ursa Major noma i-Ursa Major) ingenye emikhulu futhi elula kakhulu ukuyikhomba phakathi kwe imilaza eyindilinga, I-Great Bear inezinkanyezi ezingu-8, okuyizi: Alioth (ε UMa), Dubhe (α UMa), Alkaid (η UMa), Mizar (ζ UMa), Merak (β UMa), Phad (γ UMa), ψ UMa, Tania Australis (μ UMa), Talitha Borealis (ι UMa). Isici esithakazelisayo salo mlaza ukuthi ugqama njengenye efaneleka kakhulu esibhakabhakeni esisenyakatho, ngakho ungangabazi ukuthola okwengeziwe ngayo. imilaza yasenyakatho.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ku-Great Bear kukhona ezimbili imithala ezibalulekile ezinenombolo M81 (Bode Galaxy) kanye ne-M102 (Pinwheel Galaxy).
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ibhere elincane
(I-Ursa Minor noma i-Ursa Minor) yakhiwe izinkanyezi ezingu-7 futhi umlaza unomumo owandulela i-Great Bear kodwa encane, inokukhanya okubuthakathaka. Izinkanyezi ezinikeza ukuphila kulo mlaza yilezi: Inkanyezi Epholile (α UMi), Kocab (β UMi), Pherkad (γ UMi), ε UMi, 5 UMi, Alifa Al Farkadain (ζ UMi).
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Udrako
Ingenye yabangu-88 izinkanyezi del cielo, neyesishiyagalombili ngomfanekiso. Yakhiwa ukuqhubeka okude kwezinkanyezi ezihamba nengxenye ye-Little Bear. Womabili amaBhele axhuma nomsila womlaza we-Dragon. Izinkanyezi zalo mlaza zibizwa ngokuthi iThouban (α Dra), (β Dra), Etamin (γ Dra), Altais (δ Dra), Edasich (ι Dra), Giansar (λ Dra). U-Dragon usonga i-Little Bear eliboshelwe inkanyezi i-Vega.
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ICassiopeia
(Cassiopeia) Itholakala kumlaza ophambene we-Great Bear futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi lwenkanyezi ye-Polaris, sibona umdondoshiya obonakala kalula "W" ohlukanisa i-Milky Way, izinkanyezi ezi-5 Umlaza weCassiopeia. Inkanyezi eyinhloko yomlaza iCassiopeia ibizwa ngokuthi uShedir (α Cas), uCaph (β Cas), γ Cas, Rucnbach (δ Cas), ε Cas. I-Cassiopeia ibonakala enyakatho nenkabazwe futhi iyisibonelo esihle sobuhle be- imilaza ku-Milky Way.
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cephee
(Cepheus) Between the izinkanyezi Cassiopeia kanti weDrako nguCéphée. Lo mlaza awucaci kahle kodwa wenza ucabange ukuthi wumdwebo wengane owumfuziselo wendlu encane enophahla. Inkanyezi eyinhloko ye-Céphée ibizwa ngokuthi i-Alderamin (α Cep), i-Alfirk (β Cep), i-Errai (γ Cep). U-Céphée uyinkanyezi efile, unkosikazi wakhe uCassiopeia ukhanya kakhulu. 
Sazi kanjani ukuthi iyiphi inkanyezi eseduze nathi?
Hhayi-ke, wumbuzo onzima kakhulu ukuwuphendula, bekulokhu kuwuzungu olukhulu lwezazi zesayensi yezinkanyezi kanye nelukuluku elikhulu lesintu. Njengoba nje amabalazwe asemhlabeni adinga ukuphakama, kanjalo nawo imephu ye izinkanyezi Ngeke ibonise ukuthi izinkanyezi ziseduze noma ziqhele kangakanani, nakuba embuthweni wezinkanyezi zingase zibonakale ziseduze kwenye, zingase ziqhelelene. Ungangena ujule emcabangweni we imilaza nemithala ukuqonda kangcono ubudlelwano babo.
Ungafunda futhi. . . UNYAKA WELANGA KANYE NEMTHETHO WAWO EMHLABENI KANYE NEZINKANYEZI.
Nakuba eyinhloko ithuluzi a isazi sezinkanyezi okuyinto isenzakalo se-parallax, lesi simo sikhona kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu lapho sihamba ngemoto, izinto eziseduze nathi zibonakala zihamba ngokushesha futhi, ngokumelene nesizinda sezintaba ezikude nendawo yethu yokubuka, kubonakala sengathi zihamba ngokushesha. shelela kancane kancane.
Ubuchopho bethu buzisungula ukuze zazi ukuthi kukhona okuseduze noma okukude. Uma senza ucwaningo ngomunwe wethu ugxile endaweni engaguquki ngeso lesokunxele, singabona ukuthi umunwe wethu uqondaniswe nephuzu eligxilile, kodwa uma sigxila ngeso langakwesokudla siyaqaphela ukuthi indawo yethu yokugxila ayiqondile, lapho vula amehlo womabili, ngesikhathi sangempela, isikhombisa umhlaba onawo umuzwa wokujula, ngezilinganiso ezintathu.
Akuwona amanga ukuthi kuye ngokuthi sikuphi, kubonakala kakhulu ngeso lomuntu, kodwa, ku izinkathi konyaka abakhululiwe kulokhu.
4 Izinhlobo Zezinkanyezi.
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Izinkanyezi Zasekwindla.
Ziyizinkanyezi ezibonakala ikakhulukazi ekwindla lapho inkathi yasehlobo. I-Andromeda iyinkanyezi yasekwindla, incane kunomakhelwane wayo uPegase, yiyona equkethe i-galaxy eseduze kakhulu noMhlaba futhi kusekwindla lapho lo mlaza ubonwa kangcono, njengamanye avela kule sizini. Ungafunda kabanzi ngabo ku imilaza yezinkanyezi.
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Izinkanyezi Zasebusika.
Bonke abakhonjiwe umlaza I-Orion's equatorial lapho izinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu zidala unxande omkhulu ngokumisa izinkanyezi ezintathu eziqondanisiwe nezingumakhelwane. Le yindawo ka isibhakabhaka sasebusika inikezwa umfanekiso obizwa nge-Winter Hexagon, obubanzi bayo yinkanyezi uCapella, Aldebaran, Rigel, Sirius.
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Izinkanyezi Zasentwasahlobo.
Ngalesi sikhathi sentwasahlobo, unxantathu othile owakhiwa inkanyezi ye-Arcturus ye Umlaza we-Bouvier, Spica of Virgo and Regulus of Leo, izosiza umbukeli aziqondise esibhakabhakeni, okubalulekile ukufunda mayelana izici zezinkanyezi kanye nendlela yokuzibona.
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Izinkanyezi Zasehlobo.
Phakathi nenkathi eshisayo, ibhendi yesiliva ye-Milky Way iqondisa ukusesha okutusekayo kwezinkanyezi. Enyakatho nenkabazwe, sizoqala sihlole inqwaba yezinkanyezi ezibizwa ngokuthi unxantathu wokuma kwehlobo, ngenxa yalezi zintathu. izinkanyezi kukhanye ukuthi, enyakatho nenkabazwe, ezokuqala zivela phakathi kukaJuni noSeptemba, kusukela ebusuku obukwindla.
Ungakusho lokho Izinkanyezi Kusivumela ukuthi sazi okwengeziwe ngomhlaba wethu futhi inkanyezi ngayinye ifihla izimfihlakalo eziningi okulindeleke ukuthi zivezwe izazi zezinkanyezi esikhathini esifushane.
Ungase futhi uthande…
IZINKANYEZI, INKOLELO NOMA ISAYENSI? IMPIKISWANO KUSUKELA EKUQALENI KWESIKHATHI
