Isibhakabhaka sasebusuku siye sathakazelisa isintu amakhulu eminyaka, kodwa imvelo yaso ekhangayo ibingenakuphikwa yizazi zezinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi zingaphezu nje kwezigidi zezinkanyezi ezinhle; ngazo, singafunda lukhulu ngendawo yonke kanye nomthala ongale.
Ngaphandle kolwazi lobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezinhlobo zokuzijabulisa ezifana namafilimu, i-inthanethi, ithelevishini, njalonjalo, isibhakabhaka kanye nezinkanyezi kwakuyinto eyenzeka ebusuku . Sasingenakucabanga ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo, izinkanyezi zazisiza amatilosi ukuba ahambe olwandle olumnyama, futhi manje zisiza izazi zezinkanyezi ukuthi ziveze izimfihlakalo ezinazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwazi ukuthi la mazinkanyezi aqanjwa kanjani kungathuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu ngezinkanyezi esizibonayo.
Esikhathini esidlule, sasingenazo izinto ezithuthukisiwe njengekhampasi noma i-GPS; sasinazo izinkanyezi. Izinkanyezi zingasisiza ngokuqondiswa kwethu ngoba zibonisa ibanga, isiqondiso, kanye nendlela okufanele siyithathe. EMhlabeni, ukuze sazi ukuthi indawo ikuphi, sisebenzisa i-latitude (elingana nebanga elivela eNyakatho Pole kuya eNingizimu Pole) kanye ne-longitude (elingana nebanga elivela eMpumalanga Pole kuya eNtshonalanga Pole). Ngokufanayo, kunezixhumanisi zasezulwini ezibizwa ngokuthi i-declination (efana ne-latitude yomhlaba) kanye ne-right ascension (elingana ne-longitude yomhlaba).
Ayini Imilaza?
Iqoqo lezinkanyezi liyiqembu lezinkanyezi embulungeni yasezulwini ezisondelene ngokwanele ukunikeza imbulunga yasezulwini ukubukeka kwesibalo . Ngakho-ke iqoqo lezinkanyezi libhekwa njenge-asterism (isibalo esihlukaniswa yizinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu).
Ungafunda futhi... IMITHALA, IZIMO ZAYO EZIMNANDI KANYE NEZINTO EZIYINGQONDO EZIYINGQONDO.
Esibhakabhakeni, izinkanyezi zeqoqo lezinkanyezi zihlukaniswe kakhulu kodwa ziqoqwe ngezimo, futhi iqembu lezinkanyezi ngokwalo alinabanga elilinganiselwe. Izinkanyezi zaseNtshonalanga ziqoqwe zaba izingxenye ezimbili, zihlukanisa cishe isibhakabhaka ezindaweni ezizungezile zoMhlaba: isibhakabhaka saseningizimu nesibhakabhaka sasenyakatho. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi kulesi sifunda, ungabheka izinkanyezi zaseningizimu.
Mangaki amaqoqo ezinkanyezi akhona?
Kunezinkanyezi ezingu-88 ezihloliwe ezigcina amagama azo ezinganekwaneni, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi, ngokusobala, eziningi zezinkanyezi ezaziwayo azisaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni. Sekukonke, amagama angawamaqhawe ayi-17 ezinganekwaneni, izinto ezingu-29, nezilwane ezingu-42, ezivela endulo nanamuhla. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Andromeda, i-Aquila, i-Auriga, i-Camelopardalis, i-Cancer, i-Capricornus, i-Cassiopeia, i-Centaurus, i-Columba, i-Coma Berenices, i-Corvus, i-Cygnus, i-Delphinus, i-Gemini, i-Leo, i-Libra, i-Pegasus, i-Serpens, i-Taurus, i-Ursa Major, ne-Virgo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamaqoqo ezinkanyezi aqashelwayo, ungavakashela lesi sixhumanisi mayelana namaqoqo ezinkanyezi adumile kakhulu.
Imilaza Egqame Kakhulu
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ibhere elikhulu
I-Great Bear (Ursa Major) ingenye yezinkanyezi ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezilula ukuzibona phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezijikelezayo. Iqukethe izinkanyezi eziyisishiyagalombili: i-Alioth (ε UMa), i-Dubhe (α UMa), i-Alkaid (η UMa), i-Mizar (ζ UMa), i-Merak (β UMa), i-Phad (γ UMa), i-ψ UMa, i-Tania Australis (μ UMa), kanye ne-Talitha Borealis (ι UMa). Isici esithakazelisayo sale nkanyezi ukuthi ivelele njengenye yezinkanyezi ezivelele kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasenyakatho, ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukufunda okwengeziwe ngezinkanyezi ezisenyakatho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, eGreat Bear kunezinkanyezi ezimbili ezibalulekile ezinenombolo M81 (Bode Galaxy) kanye ne-M102 (Pinwheel Galaxy).
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ibhere elincane
(i-Ursa Minor) yakhiwe izinkanyezi ezingu-7 kanti inkanyezi inesimo esifana kancane ne-Great Bear kodwa incane, futhi ikhanya kancane. Izinkanyezi ezakha le nkanyezi yilezi: i-Polaris (α UMi), i-Kocab (β UMi), i-Pherkad (γ UMi), i-ε UMi, i-5 UMi, kanye ne-Alifa Al Farkadain (ζ UMi).
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Udrako
Ingeyokuqala kwezinkanyezi ezingu -88 esibhakabhakeni , futhi ingeyesishiyagalombili ngobukhulu. Iqukethe umugqa omude wezinkanyezi ohamba eceleni kwengxenye ye-Little Dipper (Ursa Major). Zombili i-Dippers zixhumana nomsila wezinkanyezi ze-Draco. Izinkanyezi ezikuleli zinkanyezi zibizwa ngokuthi i-Thouban (α Dra), (β Dra), i-Etamin (γ Dra), i-Altais (δ Dra), i-Edasich (ι Dra), kanye ne-Giansar (λ Dra). I-Draco izungeza i-Little Dipper (Ursa Major) ibheke enkanyezini i-Vega.
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ICassiopeia
I-Cassiopeia itholakala ngaphesheya kweqoqo lezinkanyezi i-Ursa Major, futhi ngale kwePolaris, sibona "W" omkhulu, obonakala kalula ophawula umngcele wezinkanyezi ezinhlanu zeqoqo lezinkanyezi i-Cassiopeia ku-Milky Way . Izinkanyezi eziyinhloko ze-Cassiopeia zibizwa ngokuthi i-Shedir (α Cas), i-Caph (β Cas), i-γ Cas, i-Rucnbach (δ Cas), kanye ne-ε Cas. I-Cassiopeia ibonakala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe futhi iyisibonelo esihle sobuhle beqoqo lezinkanyezi ku-Milky Way.
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cephee
(Cepheus) Between the izinkanyezi Cassiopeia kanti weDrako nguCéphée. Lo mlaza awucaci kahle kodwa wenza ucabange ukuthi wumdwebo wengane owumfuziselo wendlu encane enophahla. Inkanyezi eyinhloko ye-Céphée ibizwa ngokuthi i-Alderamin (α Cep), i-Alfirk (β Cep), i-Errai (γ Cep). U-Céphée uyinkanyezi efile, unkosikazi wakhe uCassiopeia ukhanya kakhulu. 
Sazi kanjani ukuthi iyiphi inkanyezi eseduze nathi?
Kungumbuzo onzima kakhulu ukuwuphendula; bekulokhu kuyinto ethakazelisayo kakhulu kososayensi bezinkanyezi futhi kuwumthombo wesifiso esikhulu kubantu. Njengoba nje amamephu omhlaba edinga ukuphakama, amamephu ezinkanyezi awakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi izinkanyezi ziseduze noma ziqhelelene kangakanani. Nakuba izinkanyezi ezinkanyezini zingase zibonakale ziseduze, empeleni zingase ziqhelelene kakhulu. Ungangena ngokujulile emqondweni wezinkanyezi nemithala ukuze uqonde kangcono ubudlelwano bazo.
Ungafunda futhi... UNYAKA WEZINKANYEZI NETHONYA LAWO EMHLABENI NASEZINKONZO ZEZINKANYEZI.
Nakuba isenzakalo se-parallax siyithuluzi eliyinhloko lesazi sezinkanyezi , lesi simo sikhona kakhulu ezimpilweni zethu lapho sihamba ngemoto; izinto eziseduze nathi zibonakala zihamba ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi uma sibhekene nezintaba ezikude lapho sibheka khona, zibonakala zishelela kahle futhi kancane kancane.
Ubuchopho bethu busungula izindlela zokubona ukuthi into ethile iseduze noma ikude. Uma senza ukuhlola ngomunwe wethu, sigxile endaweni eqondile ngeso lethu lesobunxele, singabona ukuthi umunwe wethu uqondene nendawo eqondile. Kodwa uma sigxila ngeso lethu lesokudla, siphawula ukuthi indawo yethu yokugxila ayiqondile. Uma sivula amehlo womabili, ngesikhathi sangempela, kusibonisa umhlaba onomuzwa wokujula , ngezinga ezintathu.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kuncike endaweni esikuyo futhi kubonakala kakhulu emehlweni abantu, kodwa izinkathi zonyaka azikhululekile kulokhu.
4 Izinhlobo Zezinkanyezi.
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Izinkanyezi Zasekwindla.
Lezi zinkanyezi zibonakala kakhulu ekwindla njengoba ihlobo lisondela ekupheleni . I-Andromeda iyiqoqo lezinkanyezi lasekwindla, elincane kunomakhelwane walo iPegasus. Liqukethe umthala oseduze kakhulu noMhlaba, futhi leli qoqo lezinkanyezi, kanye nezinye ezihlotshaniswa nalesi sikhathi sonyaka, libonakala kahle ekwindla. Ungafunda kabanzi ngazo kumaqoqo ezinkanyezi ezinkanyezi.
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Izinkanyezi Zasebusika.
Lonke iqembu lezinkanyezi lase-Orion elisenkabazwe libonakala ngokuthi izinkanyezi ezikhanya kakhulu zakha unxande omkhulu, ozungezwe izinkanyezi ezintathu eziqondile nezingomakhelwane. Indawo yazo esibhakabhakeni sasebusika ichazwa yisibalo esaziwa ngokuthi i-Winter Hexagon, esinemingcele yayo izinkanyezi i-Capella, i-Aldebaran, i-Rigel, ne-Sirius.
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Izinkanyezi Zasentwasahlobo.
Isikhathi salesi sikhathi entwasahlobo, unxantathu othize owakhiwe yinkanyezi i-Arcturus eqoqweni lezinkanyezi i-Bouvier , i-Spica e-Virgo, ne-Regulus e-Leo, kuzosiza umbukeli ukuthi aziqondise esibhakabhakeni, okuyisisekelo sokufunda ngezici zeqoqo lezinkanyezi nokuthi angazibona kanjani.
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Izinkanyezi Zasehlobo.
Ngesikhathi sesizini efudumele, ibhendi yesiliva ye-Milky Way isebenza njengesiqondiso sokusesha okumangalisayo kwezinkanyezi. ENyakatho Yezwe, sizoqala sihlole iqoqo lezinkanyezi elaziwa ngokuthi i-Summer Orientation Triangle, eliqanjwe ngezinkanyezi ezintathu ezikhanya kakhulu ezibonakala kuqala esibhakabhakeni phakathi kukaJuni noSepthemba, ngemva kwekwindla yobusuku.
Kungashiwo ukuthi izinkanyezi zisenza sazi okwengeziwe ngezwe lethu, futhi inkanyezi ngayinye ifihla izimfihlakalo eziningi okulindeleke ukuthi zembulwe izazi zezinkanyezi esikhathini esifushane.
Ungase futhi uthande…
IZINKANYEZI, INKOLELO NOMA ISAYENSI? IMPIKISWANO KUSUKELA EKUQALENI KWESIKHATHI
