La ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinkondlo nomculo Ivela kude emuva: ngaphambi kokuba umshini wokunyathelisa ube khona, izinkondlo zaziculwa noma zishiwo esidlangalaleni kuhambisane nomculo. Namuhla sixoxa izinkondlo zomculo lapho umbhalo wenkondlo uba ingoma noma ucezu lomsindo, kodwa nalapho inkondlo, ifundwa phezulu, igcwele isigqi, ikhefu, ukuthula kanye nezinsiza eziyenza izwakale icishe ibe njengomculo.
Ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke singase singacabangi ngakho, kodwa Imisindo ithonya inhlalakahle yethuZisetshenziselwa ukuthobisa, ukunikeza umuzwa wokulondeka, noma ngisho nokuthuthukisa ukugxilisa ingqondo. Lo mkhakha we-sonic ugcwele imikhakha eminingi, futhi endabeni yezincwadi, ubonakala ngendlela Imbongi isebenza ngezwi, isigqi, nomculo. yamagama, ngomculo wangemuva noma ngaphandle kwawo, ukuhambisa isilaleli.
Kuyini izinkondlo zomculo?
Uma sikhuluma ngakho izinkondlo zomculo Sibhekisela ezinkondlweni eziba izingoma, izingcezu zephimbo, noma izingoma zomsindo lapho umbhalo wenkondlo uhlanganiswe ngokugcwele nomculo. Kule misebenzi, Izwi nomsindo kuyadinganaInkondlo iqondisa inkulumo yomculo, futhi umculo ukhulisa incazelo engokomzwelo nengokomfanekiso yombhalo.
Ukuhambisana nomculo kungathatha izinhlobo eziningi: kusuka ku-a ingoma elula ehambisana nesiginci ngisho namakhwaya ayinkimbinkimbi, ama-operaIzingcezu zomculi-umbhali wengoma, ukuhlolwa kwezinkondlo zomsindo, noma ukuqanjwa kwe-athonal. Kuzo zonke, umqambi wenza izinqumo mayelana nesigqi, ithoni, i-timbre, noma ukuthungwa gcizelela incazelo yenkondlo futhi wakhe umuzwa wokulalela ohambisanayo.
Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lokhu kokulula umculo wangaphakathi wenkondloUmbhalo ungaba nesigqi kakhulu, ugcwale imilolozelo nemishini yomsindo, kodwa nokho ungasethwa emculweni wangaphandle. Ezinkondlweni zomculo, ngaphezu komculo ongokwemvelo wevesi, kungene ungqimba olwengeziwe: umculo oqanjwe ngokukhethekile ngale njongo ukuphelezela noma ukuguqula inkondlo.
Ngokomlando, ukuhlanganisa izinkondlo nomculo kube ukhiye kwezamasiko: kusukela Izingoma zaseHomeric ezihambisana nehabhu, kusukela kumahubo eBhayibheli, izingoma zokukhulekela zenkathi ephakathi, ama- romantic lieder, kuya ku-flamenco, i-rock, i-rap noma amaphrojekthi wesimanje abeka izinkondlo zamanje emculweni.
Umculo wenkondlo: isigqi, imvumelwano nomsindo
Enkondlweni ethi, the isigqi Kubonwa ngokulandelana kwamagama agcizelelwe nangacindezelwe, ebudeni bemigqa, ohlotsheni lwestanza, nasendleleni yokumisa isikhashana. Konke lokhu kudala isici “sokushaya kwenhliziyo” umfundi noma isilaleli asizwayo nangaphandle kokwazi imithetho yemethrikhi. Inkondlo enemigqa emifushane izosheshisa isipiliyoni sokufunda, ngenkathi Amavesi amade akhiqiza isigqi esinensa futhi waphumula.
La amamethrikhi Kubhekiselwa ekubalweni kwamagama amavesi, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimpawu zokuphimisela, kanye nokwakheka kwezitanza. I-sonnet, i-lira, noma i-décima inezinhlelo ezilungisiwe ezibeka uhlobo lomculo wangaphakathi eziwenzayo. Lokhu kwakhiwa kwemethrikhi kunquma kakhulu i-cadence kanye ne-fluidity kusukela enkondlweni.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, i imvumelwano Imvumelwano (ungwaqa noma i-assonant) yakha izixhumanisi zomsindo phakathi kwamagama ekugcineni kwemigqa. Lokhu kuqinisa inkumbulo, kudala ukulangazela, futhi kusiza umbhalo ukuba ubonakale njengeyunithi. Ezinkondlweni eziningi, iyona kanye imvumelwano ecace kakhulu ithuthukisa umuzwa womculoikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nesigqi esimakiwe nesivamile.
Ukwakhiwa kanjani isigqi senkondlo
El isigqi senkondlo Kungenye yezinto eziphawuleka kakhulu lapho sifunda noma silalela umbhalo evesini. Ngisho nangaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kumamethrikhi, singakwazi ukubona uma inkondlo "izwakala" uketshezi noma i-clumsy, ezolile, ijabule, i-choppy, noma i- monotonous. Lo mbono usukela ezintweni ezehlukene umbhali azisebenzisayo ngenhloso evezayo.
Isici sokuqala yi- isigqi somculoNgale kwemvumelwano, inkondlo kumele ibe nesigqi sangaphakathi. Lesi sigqi sitholakala ngokuhlanganisa amavesi anobude obuthize, ukubeka izinkulumo ngendlela ehlelekile, ukwephula noma ukuhlonipha okulindelwe ngumlaleli, nokusebenzisa. ukuhlaba ikhefu kanye ne-enjambments ukudlala ngokuphefumula.
I-Los ama-accents Ziyisisekelo. Kuwo wonke amavesi kukhona ukuphimisa okuyinhloko (strophic) okuvamise ukuhambisana nohlamvu lwemethrikhi engaphambili. Eduze kwayo, imbongi isakaza ezinye iziphimiso zesibili ezifaka isandla ekukhiqizeni amaphethini omsindo abonakalayo. Ukushintshanisa phakathi kwamagama aqinile nabuthakathaka kudala ukukhululeka kokuzwa okugcina umuzwa wesigqi.
I-Las ame kancane Bamaka ukwehla kwephimbo futhi bangenzeka ezindaweni ezihlukene: ekugcineni komugqa ngamunye, ekugcineni kwesigaba ngasinye, noma ngaphakathi komugqa ngokwawo kusetshenziswa izimpawu zokuloba. Ekufundeni komlomo, sihlukanisa ukumiswa okufushane (okhefana), ukuphumula okumaphakathi (ama-semicolon, amakholoni), nokumisa isikhashana (izitobhi ezigcwele noma ukuhlukana kwezigaba). Lezi khefu zibalulekile lawula isivinini namandla kusukela enkondlweni.
El kweqa Kuvela lapho ukumiswa kwemethrikhi ekugcineni kwevesi kungahambisani nesiphetho sebinzana le-syntactic. Okusho ukuthi, incazelo yomusho iyaqhubeka evesini elilandelayo. Le divayisi idala ukungezwani, isheshisa isigqi, imangaze isilaleli, futhi ngokuvamile wephula isigqi esilindelekile, elengeza amandla kanye nokugqama kokufunda.
Umehluko phakathi kwesigqi, imvumelwano nomculo
Kubalulekile ukuthi singayididani le miqondo emithathu, okuthi nakuba ihlobene, ayifani. isigqi Kuwukuvumelana okuvela ekusakazweni kwezimpawu zokuphimisela, ubude bamavesi, kanye nephethini yokumisa isikhashana. Ingalinganiswa futhi ibe njalo, imahhala, noma isekelwe cishe ngokuphelele ekuphimisweni kwemvelo kolimi, kodwa kuhlale kubonwa njengokulandelana okuhleliwe ngesikhathi.
La imvumelwano Ukuphindwaphindwa kwemisindo eqala kunkamisa wokugcina ogcizelelwe wamagama amabili noma ngaphezulu: uma zonke izinhlamvu zihambisana (imvumelwano yongwaqa) noma onkamisa kuphela (imvumelwano ehambisanayo). Kuyinsiza exhumanisa amavesi ndawonye, yenza kube lula ukukhumbula futhi idale umuzwa wokuvala ekugcineni komugqa ngamunye noma isigaba.
La ezomculo Kungumqondo obanzi futhi othize osabalele kakhudlwana. Ihlanganisa isigqi nemvumelwano, kodwa futhi nokukhethwa kwamagama, imfanozanyana, i-onomatopoeia, ukuphindaphinda, ukuhlukahluka kwe-syntax, nanoma iyiphi idivayisi enikeza inkondlo ikhwalithi ethile. "umsindo" okhethekile futhi osikiselayoInkondlo ingaba ngomculo ngisho noma ingenayo imvumelwano, inqobo nje uma isigqi nomsindo wangaphakathi kwakhiwe ngokucophelela.
Emibhalweni eminingi, umculo uvela ekuhlanganisweni kwesigqi sangaphakathi, imvumelwano, kanye nendlela inkondlo ehunyushwa ngayo. Ukwakheka okufanayo kungaphumela ku umculo kakhulu noma flat impela kuye ngokuthi ifundwa kanjani: ukuthi ukuhlaba ikhefu kuyahlonishwa, ukuthi izwi liyashintshashintsha, ukuthi imilolozelo iyagcizelelwa noma iyekwa inganakwa.
Imiqondo eyisisekelo yenkondlo-yomculo yokumisa inkondlo emculweni
Lapho umqambi enquma ukusetha inkondlo emculweniUmqambi ubhekene nochungechunge lwezinqumo zobuciko ezibeka umbono wokugcina womsebenzi. Isici somculo ngasinye sinokuhunyushwa kwenkondlo: imitha eyimpinda ayifani nemitha emithathu, ukhiye omkhulu awufani nokhiye omncane, futhi umculo okhuphukayo awufani nowehlayo.
El ikhampasi Kungaba yimpinda (2/4, 4/4…), ngohlamvu “lokulwa” kakhulu noma omakiwe, noma kathathu (3/4, 6/8…), okuvamise ukuhlotshaniswa nokunyakaza okufana nomdanso noma okugelezayo. Ukukhetha isignesha yesikhathi esisodwa noma enye kuyisinqumo. izohamba kanjani inkondlo lapho sekuyingoma.
El isikhathi (Isivinini) sithinta ngokuqondile umkhathi: ukusebenza kancane kungavusa ukucabanga, ukudangala, ukuthandaza, noma ukulila, kuyilapho ithempo esheshayo idlulisela amandla, ukuphuthuma, umdlandla, noma ukuyaluza. Ngakho-ke, umbhalo ofanayo ungazwakala udabukisayo noma wemikhosi kuye ngokuthi isivinini esihunyushwa ngaso.
La ithoni Futhi imodi (enkulu noma encane) nayo inikela ngama-nuances acacile: imodi enkulu ihlotshaniswa nemizwa yokukhanya, injabulo, noma umgubho; imodi encane, enezimo ezidabukisayo, ezingenangqondo, noma zokuzicabangela. Yize lezi zinhlangano zingaqinile kodwa ziyasiza ekunikezeni umculo... Dwebela isimo senkondlo.
La ukuqondiswa komculo Lesi esinye isisetshenziswa esibalulekile. Iphimbo lingaphakama lapho umbhalo ukhuluma ngezulu, ithemba, noma ukuphakanyiswa, noma wehle lapho ukhuluma ngomhlaba, ukuwa, ukukhathala, noma ukufa. Amanothi aphezulu avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuveza injabulo enkulu, umvuthwandaba, noma ukuphelelwa ithemba, kuyilapho amanothi aphansi evusa ukukhuluphala, ukudangala, noma ukuphumula. Konke lokhu kuvumela umsindo hambisana nokuphinyiswa kwemvelo kolimi futhi ugcizelele inhloso yombhalo.
Izinsiza zomculo zokugqamisa amagama nemizwa
Ngaphezu kwezakhi zesakhiwo, labo ababeka izinkondlo emculweni basebenzisa uchungechunge lwe izinsiza ezizwakalayo ukugqamisa amavesi, amagama, noma amagama ayisihluthulelo. Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ukudlala nge- i-tessitura: beka igama elibalulekile kunothi eliphezulu noma eliphansi kunamanye ukuze ligqame ngokwemvelo.
I-Las ashukumisayo (Ukushintsha kwezwi) kuvumela ukugcizelelwa kwezikhathi ezithile: ukucula kakhulu ngenxa yokubabaza, ukwehlisa izwi ngenjongo yokuhlebeza, ukukhulisa izwi kancane kancane ukuze kwakhiwe ukungezwani, noma ukunqamula kungazelelwe ukuze kubangele ukumangala. Lokhu kuqhathanisa kuguqula inkondlo ibe ngu-a bukhoma futhi shintsha umuzwa womsindo.
Imihlobiso ye-melodic efana nama-appoggiaturas, ama-mordens, ama-trill, ama-glissandi, nama-melismas amafushane nawo asetshenziswa. Lezi zixhobo, uma zihlanganiswe kahle, zengeza ukugcizelela ngokomzwelo ngaphandle kokukhaphela umbhalo, njengoba zivumelanisa umugqa womculo ukuze ukukhokhiswa ngokomzwelo kwemisho ethileIzinkomba zenkulumo (i-ritardando, i-rubato, i-malinconico, njll.) ibuye iqondise umenzi ukuba alolonge isikhathi nomlingiswa ngokuvumelana nokuqukethwe kwevesi.
I-Las ukuqhubekela phambili (Ama-motif aphindayo ezindaweni ezahlukene) awusizo ekusetheni izibalo emculweni. Uma inkondlo ibala izithombe noma imibono, umculo ungaphinda ukuphenduka okufanayo komculo, ukuwushintsha isikhathi ngasinye, uqinise umuzwa wokuqongelela futhi wakhe isakhiwo somsindo esihambisana nesomlomo.
Ekugcineni, i- ukunyakaza kwamaculo (Ngokuphambene, okuhambisanayo, okulingisayo, ukuhlehlisa kabusha) kusebenza ukumela imibhalo edlala ngokuphikiswa, omqondofana, noma imishwana eyizibuko. Ngale ndlela, umculo nezinkondlo zibukisana, zixoxe, futhi ziphawule komunye nomunye, kuzuzwe ukuhlanganiswa okujulile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zobuciko.
Izwi njengensimbi yezinkondlo-zomculo
Ezinkondlweni zomculo, i izwi lomuntu Kuyibhuloho elikhulu phakathi kombhalo nomsindo. Akubalulekile kuphela ukuthi kuculwa ini, kodwa nokuthi kuculwa kanjani. Izwi lingasetshenziswa ngesitayela esikhulunywayo (ngiyakhuluma) ukusondela esimemezelweni, noma ngesitayela sokucula esigcwele i-vibrato ne-legato ukuthuthukisa umuzwa omsulwa.
Kukhona izingoma ezihlola imiphumela yezwi njenge i-sprechgesang o i-sprechstimmeLeli gama lihlotshaniswa nemisebenzi efana neka-Schoenberg ethi "Pierrot Lunaire," lapho umugqa wezwi ulele endaweni ethile phakathi kwenkulumo nengoma. Kulezi zimo, inkondlo iphindwa ngokulandela ijika le-melodic elicishe lifane, okudala isimo esivusa amadlingozi nesishoyo kakhulu.
Ezinye izinsiza zezwi zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe i-glissandi (usuka kwelinye inothi uye kwelinye), ucule uvale umlomo wakho, okuhlanganisa ukuhleka, ukumemeza, ukuhleba, i-onomatopoeia, noma ukuphefumula okuzwakalayo. Konke lokhu kwenza izwi libe ithuluzi elithambile, elikwaziyo ukulisebenzisa ukuhlanganisa imizwa yenkondlo ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda okulula kokungathathi hlangothi.
Ezimweni, ukunakekelwa nakho kuyathathwa ukuthungwa komsindo: amakhorasi anezingxenye eziningi, ukulingisa phakathi kwemigqa yephimbo ehlukene, ukungena okuntengayo kwezinhlamvu ezihlukene, noma ukuphindwa kabili komuntu oyinkondlo. Ngale ndlela, umbhalo uzuza ukujula okumangalisayo futhi umculo uqinisa indaba exoxwayo noma isici esingokomfanekiso senkondlo.
Umculo nezinkondlo kuwo wonke umlando: umfelandawonye oyinkimbinkimbi
Ukuhlobana phakathi komculo nezinkondlo bekungahlali kunokuthula, kodwa bekulokhu kuhlala njalo. Umculo, ngokwemvelo yawo, unikeza a incazelo eyengeziwe futhi evulekileNakuba izinkondlo zivamise ukuphatheka kakhudlwana futhi ziminyene ngokomqondo, zihlangene zithola ukulingana komzwelo nombono: amagama anikeza incazelo emzwelweni womculo, nemibala yomculo futhi akhulise amandla ombhalo.
Naku-Antiquity sithola izibonelo ezifana nalezi Ingoma ka-Mahler ethi "Ingoma Yomhlaba"ehumusha kabusha izinkondlo zesiShayina (ezithintwa uLi Tai Po) futhi iziguqule zibe umjikelezo wamakhwaya we-symphonic wokujula okukhulu komzwelo. Lapho, izithombe ezinjenge-porcelain pavilion, ibhuloho le-jade, noma ukuboniswa echibini elithule zithola isici esisha ngenxa ye-orchestra nezwi.
Kwenzeka okufanayo nge- Amahubo aseHomeric, njengaleyo enikezelwe kuDemeter, elandisa ngeziqephu zenganekwane (ukuthunjwa kwe-Persephone, ukuseshwa kukamama, ukubuya komjikelo wendodakazi) futhi ezakhulelwa ukuba zilandwe ngokuhambisana nomculo. Lezi zingoma zihlanganise ukulandisa okudumile, ukukhulekela kwezenkolo, nesipiliyoni sobuhle ekuthinteni okukodwa kokwenza.
Emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, ukungezwani phakathi kwamagama nomculo kudale izimpikiswano zobuhle: kusukela ku- ukuxabana kwabahlekisayo eBaroque France kuze kube yinguquko kaMonteverdi, uguquko lwe-operatic kaGluck, i ingoma emnandi I-Romanticism, idrama yomculo ka-Wagnerian, noma ukunyakaza kwe-avant-garde kwekhulu lama-20. Inkathi ngayinye ibe nenkulumompikiswano ngokuthi umbhalo kufanele ube nokubaluleka okungakanani nokuthi ungakanani umculo.
Ngezinye izikhathi, kokubili ubuciko buye bahlukana ngandlela-thile: izinkondlo ziguqukele ekuzijwayezeni okuthule futhi okusondelene kakhulu (ukufunda uwedwa), kuyilapho umculo uthuthukise amafomethi angabonakali njenge "umculo omsulwa" ngaphandle kwamagamaNoma kunjalo, isidingo samagama anemizwelo yomculo enenjongo siye saphikelela, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezinjengokucula ezenkolo, i-lieder, umculo womculi nombhali wezingoma, noma umculo odumile wasemadolobheni.
Izibonelo zomlando zezinkondlo zomculo
Phakathi kwezibonelo ezindala kakhulu zokuhlanganisa umbhalo nomculo, okulandelayo kuyagqama: “I-Epitaph of Seikilos”Kuthathwa njengomculo omdala kunawo wonke ophelele okhona. Iqoshwe kukholamu yemabula, ihlanganisa nokuphawula komculo kanye nenkondlo emfushane ekhuthaza ukujabulela ukuphila ngenkathi isaphila, esikhumbuza ukuthi Isikhathi sigcina sithathekileKuwukuboniswa kwasekuqaleni kokuthi umbhalo wokuziphatha nefilosofi uqiniswa kanjani ngokuculwa.
Elinye icala eligqamile yi-motet "Nigra sum, sed formosa" nguFrancisco de Peñalosa, ngokusekelwe ku Isihlabelelo sezihlabeleloKuyinkondlo yebhayibheli enokuqukethwe okungaqondakali okunamandla nokuvusa inkanuko, eguqulelwe kupholyphony enamazwi amathathu. Ukuphakama kwemigqa yemelodi, ukusebenzisana kwama-dissonances, nokucaca kombhalo kuvumela le nhlanganisela yenkanuko nengokomoya ukuthi ivele. izwakala ngokugcwele futhi icishe ithinteke.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi kanye neRenaissance, ubudlelwano phakathi umculo osemthethweni (wenkolo) nomculo odumile Lokhu futhi bekuyisihluthulelo. Izingoma eziningi ezingcwele zathatha ukushintshashintsha kwemisho ezingomeni ezithandwayo, kangangokuthi izinkondlo zesonto zaqanjwa isigqi nezwi labantu, nakuba abahlanzayo babekhuluma “ngokungcola.” Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingoma zezwe zahlanganiswa nezinhlobo zokufunda, zahlanganisa ukuhwebelana okungapheli.
Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, i-flamenco inikeza izibonelo ezinhle zokusetha imibhalo yezinkondlo emculweni. Ku-albhamu “Ulimi Lwezimbali”U-Enrique Morente usetha izinkondlo zikaFederico García Lorca emculweni; kwesinye sezingcezu, ngokusekelwe ocezwini lwe inyumbaIguqula umbhalo omangalisayo ube yi-fandango egcwele i-duende. Ivesi likaLorca mayelana nenkosikazi egeza emfuleni ithola a umfutho omusha uma kuculwa.
Sekusondele isikhathi sethu, umculi-umbhali wengoma kanye namaphrojekthi ezingoma adumile aseLatin America asethe umculo izimbongi ezifana Mario Benedetti, César Vallejo, Javier Heraud, Luis Hernández, Arturo Corcuera, Alejandro Romualdo o UJohn Gonzalo Rose, phakathi kwezinye eziningi, ebonisa indlela izinkondlo zale ncwadi ezinganqoba ngayo izethameli eziningi lapho zithola umculo ofanele.
Ukwenziwa komculo wezinkondlo njengendlela yokuqonda
Kubafundi abaningi, ukuzwa inkondlo esethwe emculweni kube yisango kubabhali abathi, ephepheni, babonakale bekude noma kunzima kubo. Umculo usebenza njenge umhumushi wemizwaIcacisa ithoni, igqamisa izithombe ezibalulekile, isetha isigqi semisho, futhi yenza umbhalo ukhumbuleke kalula.
Amacala afana nezinkondlo zika Javier Heraud ashiwo futhi asethwe kumculo kumakhasethi amadala, noma izingoma lapho U-Alberto Favero Wabeka imibhalo kaBenedetti emculweni, ekhombisa ukuthi isilungiselelo esihle somculo singayiguqula kanjani incwadi yezinkondlo ibe irepertoire abantu. equma futhi ehamba naye phakathi neminyaka.
Isibonelo esidumile ikakhulukazi "Izwi lakho"Inkondlo kaJuan Gonzalo Rose, eyenziwa uLucha Reyes. Lapho, umculo awupheleli nje kuphela umbhalo kodwa futhi uwushumeka enkumbulweni ehlangene. Umculo kanye nokudlalwa kwephimbo akuhlukaniseki enkondlweni, kangangokuthi abantu abaningi bawazi ngekhanda amavesi. Ngiyabonga ngengoma, hhayi incwadi.
Olunye udaba oludalulayo "Rose"Inkondlo ka-Alejandro Romualdo enikezelwe kumdwebi u-Alfredo Ruiz Rosas. Ekufundeni kokuqala, umbhalo ungase ungaqashelwa; Nokho, lapho kuzwakala kudlalwa umculo kaLucho González futhi wenziwa nguSusana Baca, kuyembuka lonke uhla lwamanuances. Iculo eliyinkimbinkimbi, elihlonipha isigqi sangaphakathi samavesi, linezela izingqimba zencazelo nemizwelo.
Kulezi zibonelo, umculo usebenza cishe njenge-a ukulungiswa komsindo yenkondlo: uyakhetha, uyale, agcizelele aphinde aphakamise indlela yokufunda. Njengoba nje umqaphi wombukiso esebenzisa izibani, imibhalo, nezindlela ukuze anikeze incazelo yombukiso, umqambi usebenzisa i-tempo, ukuvumelana, i-timbre, kanye namandla ukuze anikele. uhlelo lokulalela ngamavesi.
Izinkondlo nemfundo enomculo: imvumelwano, isigqi kanye nezimpawu zokubhala
Emkhakheni wezemfundo, izinkondlo ezinomculo kanye nomculo wezinkondlo kuba amathuluzi awusizo kakhulu ezinganeni ukuze zithole amandla olimi. Enye yezifundo ezibalulekile ukuqaphela lokho I-Rhyme iyinsiza ethuthukisa umculo zezinkondlo, kuyilapho izimpawu zokuloba zinquma isigqi sokufunda ngokuzwakalayo.
Ukusebenza ngezingoma amavesi azo agcina enemvumelwano—isibonelo, amapheya afana nokuthi “ukuphuma-ukulala"Noma"ubhavu wekhishi"-kusivumela ukuthi sibheke ukuthi lezi zithandani ziwenza kanjani umuzwa womculo ngisho nangaphandle komculo ocacile. Lapho efunda, umuntu uyabona ukuthi kukhona "okufanelana" endlebeni, ukuthi amavesi Zizwakala zivumelana futhi kulula ukuzikhumbula.
Okunye okugxilwe kakhulu ekufundiseni ukuqonda indima ye- izimpawu zokubhalaOkhefana badinga ukumiswa okufushane, ama-semicolons ukuphumuza okude kancane, futhi isigaba siphula ikhefu elide nakakhulu. Ukulandela lezi ziqondiso lapho ufunda inkondlo ngokuzwakalayo kushintsha ngokuphelele isigqi nokucaca kwayo, kusize ekuthwebuleni iphimbo nenhloso yembongi.
Emisebenzini yasekilasini, abafundi bavame ukucelwa ukuthi bafunde ngokucophelela izinkondlo ezifana ne-"The Golden Arrow" noma imibhalo ka-Rubén Darío, egqamisa imilolozelo nezimpawu zokubhala ezinemibala ehlukene. Lo mkhuba ubafundisa ukubona ukuthi imvumelwano isebenza kanjani. "umculo" inkondlo nokuthi ukumiswa kwesikhashana, kubuye kusilolonge kanjani "isigqi" sokufunda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonisana kuyakhuthazwa izichazamazwi kanye namagama ukucacisa amagama angajwayelekile. Ukuqonda amagama anjengokuthi “umlandeli,” “iligi,” noma “ubuzalwane,” noma amagama agqanyiswe ngoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezincwadini zokufunda, kuvumela abafundi ukuthi bangagcini nje ngokujabulela umsindo wenkondlo kodwa nencazelo yayo ejulile. Inhlanganisela yomculo nokuqonda kwe-semantic kuguqula izinkondlo zisuke ekubeni yimpicabadala zibe okuthile umdlalo womqondo nomsindo.
Amaphrojekthi wesimanje wokudalwa komculo asuselwe ezinkondlweni
Namuhla, ukubeka izinkondlo zesimanje emculweni sekuyinto inkambu yokudala esebenzayo kakhuluIsibonelo esicacile yiphrojekthi ethi "Izinkondlo Zesimanje Emculweni", ehlongoza ukusetha imibhalo yomculo ngezimbongi ezine zamanje ezinemisebenzi eshicilelwe kanye nezitayela ezihlukahlukene.
Lolu hlelo lubandakanya, phakathi kokunye, UPablo González de Langarika (Imbongi yaseBasque kanye nomqondisi wephephabhuku i-Zurgai), okuvela ezincwadini zakhe "Ukukhala Kwezinyoni" kanye nethi "Phakathi Kwemiphetho Yokukhanya" izinkondlo eziningana zikhethiwe; UJosé Fernandez de la Sota, nemibhalo evela kwesithi “Ngiyakwamukela ezwini lakho”; UMª Carmen Rodríguez, umbhali we "Izindlela ZasePena Blanca"; futhi Lilian Pallares, ngezinkondlo ezivela ku-“Amazwi Athule” kanye “Nenyoni Ye-Vertigo”.
Iphrojekthi iqukethe ukudala izingoma eziyishumi nesithupha Inqubo iqala ngezinkondlo ezine zembongi ngayinye. Isigaba sokuqala sibandakanya ucwaningo nokubhala imibhalo: ukuhambela ukufundwa komphakathi, ukuhlaziya imitha kanye nephimbo lamaqoqo ezinkondlo, kanye nokukhuluma nababhali. Khona-ke, ku-studio, inqubo yokuqamba umculo iqala, eqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Lezi zenzakalo zikhonjiswa emikhosini yezinkondlo efana ne-“Palabra en el Mundo” e-Ágreda (Soria), noma emicimbini efana ne-Basque Poetry Days e-BBK Hall e-Bilbao. Kula makhonsathi, izimbongi ngokwazo kwesinye isikhathi zibamba iqhaza, zifunde, zixoxisane ngomsebenzi wazo, zibone ukuthi amavesi azo... baba izingoma phambi komphakathi.
Kwamanye amakhonsathi, njengalawo abanjelwa e-Tirso de Molina Auditorium e-Soria, izingcezu ezisekelwe ezinkondlweni zika-Carmen Rodríguez zidlalwa okokuqala, futhi ezihlanganisa nezifundo ezinjengomdanso (ngokubamba iqhaza kwabadansi be-flamenco) noma ukuphindaphinda kwabanye ababhali abayizivakashi. Konke lokhu kuguqula izinkondlo zomculo zibe isipiliyoni sobuciko bemikhakha eminingi exuba amagama, umculo, ukunyakaza nokusebenza kwesiteji.
Izinkondlo zomculo, ukuhlukanisa, nobunye ubuciko
Isipiliyoni sokubeka inkondlo emculweni kaningi siqhathaniswe nomsebenzi ka umlondolozi wobucikoNjengoba nje umcuphi ehlela imisebenzi, imibhalo, nemibhalo ukuze akhe ukulandisa okuvezayo okunesigqi, ukuhlaba ikhefu, nezikhathi ezibalulekile, umculi uthatha amavesi awahlele ngendlela ezwakalayo enezingeniso, umvuthwandaba, ukuthula neziphetho.
Yomibili imisebenzi ihilela hlela futhi umumo ezintweni ezikhona ngaphambili: umlondolozi usebenza ngezingcezu ezigciniwe, imidwebo, izithombe, namavidiyo; umqambi, onamagama, izithombe zenkondlo, nezakhiwo zemethrikhi. Kuzo zombili izimo, inhloso iwukudala ukulandisa okwenza kuqondeke futhi kuhambise lokho okungase kungabonakali.
Lesi sifaniso sisivumela ukuthi sicabange ukuhlunga njengohlobo "ukuhambisana nomculo wesikhala"Sabalalisa imisebenzi njengokungathi amavesi, ukudlala ngezigqi ezibukwayo, ukwethula amakhefu endabeni, izindawo zokuthula, nezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu. Njengoba nje umculo omnandi uhlonipha umbhalo wokuqala, umbukiso omuhle uhlonipha imisebenzi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Uzinikeza incazelo entsha ngokubeka umongo okusha.
Izibonelo zalokhu kuphambana phakathi kwe-curating nokuphelezelwa komculo zenzeke kumaphrojekthi wemibukiso agxile ezinqolobaneni zababhali abafana no-Sebastián Salazar Bondy, lapho ingxenye ngayinye yombukiso yaqanjwa “njengomzuzwana” nomsindo wayo ohlukile. Inhloso bekuwukuthi isivakashi sizizwe sengathi sihamba ngendlela ethile isikolo sendawo, lapho imibhalo isebenza njengamavesi.
Ngalo mbono, ukubeka izinkondlo emculweni kuba umkhuba ongagcini nje ngokucebisa ubudlelwano bethu nezincwadi nomculo, kodwa futhi ongakhuthaza izindlela ezintsha ukucabanga ngendalo kweminye imikhakha njenge-cinema, ithiyetha, iminyuziyamu noma ubuciko basemadolobheni.
Ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinkondlo nomculo, ovezwa ngesigqi, imvumelwano, iphimbo, nezinsiza ezivezwayo zezwi nezinsimbi, kukhombisa izinga lapho Igama lidinga umsindo, nomsindo wegama ukudalula amandla alo aphelele angokomzwelo, okufundisa kanye nobuciko, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi engomeni yemizuzu emithathu, i-motet ye-Renaissance, iphrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi yokulondoloza noma ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo okulula lapho inkondlo, ngaphandle kokuphelezelwa ngaphandle kwezwi, izwakala sengathi igcwele umculo.
