Uma sikhuluma ngezinyanga, sizibona ngokushesha sigxile enyangeni Yomhlaba, nokho kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi ayitholakali kuphela emhlabeni wethu, okungukuthi, kukhona amaplanethi ahlukahlukene aphinde amelwe izigidi zezinyanga, enye yalezi. kube , Saturn. Kulesi sihloko ngizokhuluma nawe mayelana ncamashi nalokhu, mayelana nalabo izinyanga ze-saturn.
ISaturn njengePlanethi
ISaturn yiyona iplanethi yesithupha yesimiso sonozungezilanga, eyesibili ngobukhulu nesisindo ngemva kwe-Jupiter futhi iyodwa kuphela enesistimu yendandatho ebonakalayo eplanethini yethu. Igama layo livela kunkulunkulu wamaRoma uSaturn. Futhi, uma ufuna ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngale planethi, ungafunda mayelana ilukuluku le-saturn noma ngabo izici.
Iyingxenye yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi amaplanethi angaphandle noma amagesi. Ubuso obukhethekile beSaturn izindandatho zayo ezikhazimulayo. Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe-telescope, iSaturn yayikude kakhulu kwamaplanethi okuxoxwe ngawo futhi, ngeso lenyama, ayizange ibonakale ikhanya noma ikhangayo. Owokuqala owathola izindandatho kwakunguGalileo ngo-1610, kodwa ukuchezuka okuphansi kwezindandatho kanye nokuqina okuphansi kwesibonakude sakhe kwamenza wacabanga ukuthi kwakuyisibonakude. enkulu Izinyanga zikaSaturn.
Ngalo mqondo, uChristiaan Huygens, ngezindlela ezingcono zophenyo, wakwazi ngo-1659 ukukhombisa izindandatho ngokucacile. UJames Clerk Maxwell, ngo-1859, ngokwezibalo wathi izindandatho azinakuba into eyodwa eqinile kodwa kufanele zibe inhlangano yezigidi zama-athomu amancane. Izinhlayiya ekhonsathi Amasongo kaSaturn Ziginqika ngesivinini esingu-48 km ngehora, izikhathi ezingu-000 ngokushesha kune-pellet.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo: IZIQINISEKISO EZINGU-3 EZIBALULEKILE ZOMKHAYA WOMHLABA EZIVUMELWE YI-NASA.
ISaturn nezinyanga zayo
abaningi izinyanga lokho kuzungeza iSaturn Zinezimo ezihlukene, ubukhulu neziqalo. Ezinye zinendiza eqinile, ezibaziweyo, ezinye ziyangeneka futhi zimbozwe ungqimba lwezinhlayiya ezijiyile, futhi zineziqhingi nezintaba. Wonke anezikhala ngohlelo olukhulu noma oluncane, kodwa ngayinye inendaba yayo. Ungathola okwengeziwe mayelana iziphuphutheki zemvelo Uma ungathanda ukujula kulesi sihloko esihlobene nezinyanga zeSaturn.
Kwezinye, njengoDione noTethys, kunobufakazi bokuthi umsebenzi wokwakheka komhlaba nezindawo zabo ziba yizicucu futhi zihlukaniswe. Amanye, anjengoJanus no-Epimetheus, kubonakala sengathi ayeyingxenye yeziphuphutheki ezinkudlwana ezahlukana zahlukaniswa, futhi manje imigudu yazo isithengiswa njalo. Ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zinyanga zisebenzisana kanjani nesistimu ye-Saturn kunikeza imininingwane eminingi emlandweni walesi simiso seplanethi. Ungaphinda uhlole kabanzi mayelana izici ze-Uranus, esinye seziqhwaga zegesi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u-Prometheus noPandora basebenzisana nezinto zamasongo, beklaba indandatho emzileni wayo. Amanye amasathelayithi amancane asendleleni efanayo, njenge-Tethys ne-Dione. I-thesis yalezi zinyanga isinikeza izinkomba eziningi mayelana nomlando wesistimu ye-Saturn kanye ne-Solar System ensimini evamile.
Iziqongo zeNyanga eziyi-13 zikaSaturn
Ezinye zezinyanga zikaSaturn yilezi:
1. Inyanga Titan.
Lena inyanga yesibili ngobukhulu kuwo wonke isimiso sonozungezilanga, ngemva kukaGanymede, enye yezintaba izinyanga kweJupiter. Inomoya we-hermetic ongamakhilomitha angama-600 ukuphakama, owakhiwe ngama-95% e-nitrogen. Indawo yayo imbozwe imifula namachibi e-ethanol kanye ne-methanol ewuketshezi. Ungafunda kabanzi ngale nyanga ku ilukuluku mayelana nesimiso sonozungezilanga.
2. Luna Rea.
Inyanga Rhea Yakhiwe ngeqhwa elingamaquarter amathathu nengxenye yedwala. Kufana nebhola leqhwa elikhulu. Kuthatha igama layo ku-Titaness Rhea, udadewabo nonkosikazi kaCronus (okungaba ISaturn emlandweni wamaRoma), nomama kaZeus (kuJupiter). I-Rhea futhi iyisathelayithi ethokozisayo ongayifunda maqondana ne izici zamanye amaplanethi.
3. Inyanga Iapetus.
Inyanga Iapetus Inohlangothi olukhazimulayo, olumhlophe kanye nohlangothi olumnyama, olumnyama, njengokungathi ushokoledi ne-vanilla ice cream. U-Iapetus wayengubaba omkhulu we-Atlas no-Prometheus.
4. Moon Phoebe.
inyanga Phoebe yileyo nyanga noma isathelayithi ezungeza iSaturn ibheke kolunye uhlangothi izinyanga ezikhulayo ze Saturn. Ilinganiselwa ku-200 km kuphela ububanzi futhi ayikhiphi ukukhanya, imnyama kakhulu. Kuyinto ethakazelisa kakhulu kososayensi, abaqagela ukuthi kungase kube inkanyezi evela ngaphandle kwe-Solar System ebanjwe emzileni weplanethi. UFebe wayengomunye wamaTitanesses, kodwa igama lakhe laphinde laqanjwa u-Arthemisi, unkulunkulukazi wezolimo nokuzingela.
5. Inyanga Enceladus.
Le nyanga inezintaba-mlilo zeqhwa ezinamandla. UCassini wabona imifantu eqhamuke iqhwa elincibilikayo, kwadala ifu legesi yamanzi engxenyeni eseningizimu yenyanga. Ingenye yezinto ezikhanya kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu sonozungezilanga. U-Enceladus wayeyindoda enkulu enezingalo eziyikhulu ezaphuma egazini lika-Uranus lapho uCronus, indodana yakhe, imvala inzalo. Ngokwezinganekwane, lifihlwe ngaphansi kweNtaba i-Etna, okunezela embonweni walo ongaqondakali.
6. Inyanga Hyperion.
inyanga uHyperion ibhekwa njengalowo obukayo, wayenguyise kaSelene (inyanga), uHelios (ilanga) no-Eos (ukusa). Lesi sathelayithi esimise ngendlela engavamile, embozwe izimbobo neqhwa, singumfowabo we izinyanga UFebe no-Iapetus. Amasathelayithi amathathu akude kakhulu emizileni yawo esuka kuSaturn. Ithuba lakhe liyadida futhi alizwakali.
7. I-Luna Pan.
Njengenyanga yesikhombisa sithola iPan yenyanga, lokhu kuzungeza phakathi kwamasongo okuqala eSaturn futhi kungenye yamasathelayithi abelusi ahambisana ukulungiswa kwendawo phakathi kwalawo masongo. Ithatha igama layo kunkulunkulu wesiGreki owalusa imihlambi. Ucwaningo ngalezi zinyanga lungathuthukisa nokuqonda kwethu okungenzeka imvelaphi yokuphila.
8. Inyanga Tethys.
Inyanga iTethys ezinganekwaneni ingumama wezinkulungwane ezintathu ze-Oceanids, ine- umgodi omkhulu ibangelwa igalelo elithile elibizwa ngokuthi i-Odysseus Crater kanye nesigodi esikhulu esiqokonyiswe njenge-Ithaca, izwe lendabuko lase-Odysseus. Kucatshangwa ukuthi yakhiwe kakhulu yiqhwa futhi ingase inikeze imikhondo mayelana ne-.
9. Luna Dione.
Inyanga uDione yaziwa njengendodakazi kaThetis futhi, ngokusho kwe- Iliad, the Umama ka-Aphrodite. Ingabe luna Yenziwe ngokuphelele ngama-silicates kanye neqhwa, okwenza kube yinto enentshisekelo yokufunda. uhlelo lwezinyanga kwamanye amaplanethi.
10. Luna Mimas.
inyanga iMimas ingenye yeziningi izinyanga zelanga, iyona ezungeza eduze kakhulu neplanethi. Incane futhi iqhwa, futhi ososayensi baseNyuvesi yaseCornell eNew York baye baphetha, ngemva kokutadisha izithombe zayo nendlela ezungeza ngayo, ukuthi umnyombo wenyanga awuvamile. Kunezinketho ezimbili: kungaba iqhwa ngokuphelele futhi inomumo obude, njengebhola lombhoxo, noma ifihla ulwandle oluwuketshezi olungase lubaluleke ukuphila kwangaphandle.
11. Pandora Moon.
inyanga ye-Pandora yi-a satellite kweSaturn yatholwa ngo-1980 yi-Voyager probe. Ngempela kungumzimba ofana kakhulu ne-Prometheus elandelayo. Igama elithi Pandora livela kowesifazane wokuqala emlandweni wamaGreki. Kanye no-Prometheus, bobabili bangamasathelayithi angamalusi wendandatho yangaphandle ye-Saturn, i-F Ring. Ucwaningo lwabo lunganikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana ne Ukuziphatha kukaSaturn njengeplanethi.
i-pandora ibonisa okuningi ama-craters kune-Prometheus futhi inezikhala okungenani ezimbili ezingama-30 km ububanzi nakuba zingekho izindawo eziphakeme noma izigodi ezibalulekile. Uma kubhekwa ukuminyana kwayo okuphansi kanye ne-albedo ephansi, kubonakala sengathi i-Pandora iwumzimba oneqhwa oshisayo. Ngenxa yophenyo olumbalwa lwamanje lwalezi zingqikithi ezimbili, eziningi zalezi zimpawu zithatha izimpande ukuze zigunyazwe.
12. Luna Jano.
inyanga uJanus a Isathelayithi yomdabu kaSaturn idume nangelinye igama layo elabelwe ngokuthi iSaturn X. Uthatha isiteketiso sakhe unkulunkulu wamaRoma uJanus. UJanus uphinde ahlasele emzileni ofanayo nowenyanga i-Epimetheus. Izazi zezinkanyezi zavuma ukuthi kunendikimba eyodwa kuphela kulowo mzila, futhi njengoba lokhu kwakuyiqiniso, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kuxazulule ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuzichaza njengokungathi ziyinto eyodwa. Ukufundwa kwemizila yazo kanye nokuguquguquka kwazo kungaba nomthelela ekuqondweni kwe uhlelo lwenyanga ezungeze iNeptune.
13. Inyanga ka-Prometheus.
U-Prometheus usebenza njengesathelayithi yomalusi yokuphela kwangaphakathi kwe- indandatho ye-saturn. I-Pandora iyisathelayithi umalusi onqenqemeni lwangaphandle lwendandatho. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalolu hlobo lwezinyanga, ngikumema ukuthi uhlole i-.
Le nyanga ikhombisa ukunwebeka kakhulu, ubukhulu bayo bungaba ngu-148 by 100 by 68 km. Ineziqongo nezigodi eziningi kanti ezinye izimbobo ezingaba ngu-20 km ububanzi ziyabonakala. Nokho, indawo yabo inezimbobo ezimbalwa kakhulu kunePandora eseduze, noma izinyanga u-Epimetheus noJanus.
Nakuba zikhona amasathelayithi ahlukahlukene nezinyanga Eplanethini yethu enelukuluku ye-Saturn, kubalulekile ukuchaza ukuthi kubalulekile ukwazi ngokugcizelela kakhulu izifundo nophenyo olusikhiqizela lona Izinyanga zeSaturn.