I-Jasmine iyimbali esho ubuhle obunokumelana okunomfanekiso othile, ngenxa yephunga layo elimnandi kanye nezakhiwo zokwelapha, ucezu olungenakuntuleka engadini yethu. Kulesi sihloko sizobonisa izici zayo, ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo, ukuze ukwazi ukuqala ukutshala lesi sitshalo esihle okwamanje.
UJasmine
I-Jasmine inezici ezingavamile kakhulu, okukhona kuzo iphunga elimnandi eliphuma ebusuku, yingakho yaziwa kakhulu ngamagama endlovukazi yasebusuku noma ukukhanya kwenyanga. Kuyisitshalo esatshalwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, esinamandla athile angaqondakali njengomthombo wogqozi kuzimbongi nabadwebi. Lesi sitshalo sidabuka ezwenikazi lase-Asia, i-Oceania, kanye nesigaba esisodwa esivela ezwenikazi laseYurophu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-200 emhlabeni.
Izici
I-Jasmine isitshalo sohlobo lwe-Jasminum, umndeni wakwa-Oleaceae, uhlobo lokukhuphuka, olungapheli, lunamathela kalula eziqwini ezomile. Ikhula ngendlela yesihlahla esiminyene, ifinyelela ubude obuphakathi kwamamitha ama-4. Isimo sezulu esikahle sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sitshalo sifudumele. Amaqabunga amise okweqanda futhi aluhlaza ngokugqamile ngombala futhi avela ngokuphambana. Ngokuqondene nembali, imvamisa yethulwa ngamathoni amhlophe naphuzi, kodwa kunezikhathi ezingatholakala ngombala obomvu noma obomvana. Uma zitholakala ngaphandle zingaba namagatsha akhula kakhulu kunalawo atholakala endlini. Ngokuqondene nephunga layo, liphuma ekushoneni kwelanga.
Ukunakekelwa
Nakuba i-Jasmine ingesona isitshalo esidinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu, lapha sethula ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo ukuze ukwazi ukubukisa futhi ujabulele lezi zimbali ezinhle kokubili endlini nasengadini. Zidinga inhlabathi emanzi enamanzi amahle, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukunisela nsuku zonke futhi kabili uma kungenzeka esimweni sezulu esishisayo ngaphandle kokufinyelela ngokweqile ukuvimbela isitshalo ukuthi singaboli. Indawo eyabelwe iJasmine kumele isetshenziswe ebhodweni elifanele ukuze izimpande zayo zikhule kahle. Indawo yayo kufanele ibe lapho ithola khona ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile okungenani amahora ama-4 futhi ihamba kahle komoya.
Khumbula ukuthi lezi zimbali zidinga ubumnyama obuphelele ukuze zifihle ukuze zikhuthaze inqubo yokuqhakaza. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umquba omuhle kanye nomanyolo ocebile nge-phosphorus, i-nitrogen ne-potassium, engafakwa njalo emavikini amabili ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo. Lesi sitshalo sivumelana kalula nenhlabathi ene-asidi ne-alkaline. Uma unothando futhi usebenzisa lokhu kunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, isitshalo sakho sizokwazi ukuqhakaza izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka.
Ukuphindaphinda
Isitshalo se-Jasmine kulula kakhulu ukuzala kabusha, kungaba ezimbizeni noma phansi ngqo. Indlela ekahle kakhulu ukusika, okutholakala esihlokweni seziqu, kufanele kusikwe okungenani amasentimitha ama-4 noma ama-6, kunconywa ukuthi ukusika kwenziwe lapho i-petiole ikhona, susa amaqabunga asele bese ushiya. ezintathu zokuqala kuphela, ibekwa endaweni ekhethiwe futhi icindezelwe ngobumnene nxazonke. Kuhle ukubeka ibhodwe ngepulasitiki ukuze ligcine umswakama odingekayo. Ingashiywa ekukhanyeni okuqondile, kuzothatha cishe amasonto angu-8 ukukhombisa izimpande. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi kudinga okungenani ukuchelela okukodwa kwansuku zonke, ngoba i-substrate kufanele ihlale inomswakama.
Izinhlobo zeJasmine
I-Jasmine inezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo, ezikhula njengeziqwali nezinye njengezihlahlana, eziqondana kuphela ekuqhakazeni lapho iba umkhosi wombala nephunga elimnandi. Kulesi sihloko sizokwethula okuvame kakhulu, izici zabo kanye nokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo. Qhubeka ufunde futhi ufunde okwengeziwe ngale mbali ethandekayo nephunga elimnandi.
I-Jasminum Officinale noma i-Common Jasmine
Lolu hlobo lwe-Jasmine, oludume kakhulu ngokuthi i-jasmine emhlophe, lulinywa kakhulu, lusuka e-Asia, namuhla lutholakala ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba. Iwumqansa ongafinyelela kumamitha ayisi-6 ukuphakama. Yakhiwa yizixha zezimbali ezimhlophe, ezinamacembe amahlanu ngalinye linamaqabunga e-lanceolate futhi linamakha kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nokugcinwa kwayo, kuhle ukunisela izikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngesonto, ukuthena ngemuva kwesigaba sokuqhakaza, okuzoqinisekisa isitshalo esiqinile esinezimbali ezinhle. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa i-pergolas nezindonga. Emithini isetshenziswa njenge-expectorant, i-sedative kanye ne-astringent. Ezimonyoni zamakha.
I-Solanum Jasminoides noma i-False Jasmine
Iwuhlobo lwe-jasmine ekhuphukayo eyaziwa nangokuthi iveli lomshado. Udabuka eNingizimu Melika, uvezwa njengehlathi elikhuphukayo. Amaqabunga awo aluhlaza, uhlobo olungapheli kuye ngesimo sezulu, ngoba lapho amakhaza eqala ukubola kuqala. Izimbali zingaba mhlophe, bluish noma i-lilac, zibe nama-anther aphuzi. Iziqu zingafinyelela kumamitha angu-5, zidinga ukukhanya okuqondile amahora ambalwa. Iyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esifika ku-4° futhi iphindaphindeka ngokusikwa.
I-Gardenia Jasminoide noma iCape Jasmine
Lolu hlobo lweJasmine, olubuye lwaziwe nge-gardenia, lusetshenziswa kakhulu ekutshaleni ezimbizeni, ludabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Amaqabunga awo ama-oval angapheli, aluhlaza, a-lanceolate futhi aphambene. Ngokuqondene nezimbali zayo ezizimele zodwa noma ezimbili, zimhlophe qhwa nephunga elimnandi futhi ziyaqhakaza kabili ngonyaka. Lolu hlobo ludinga inhlabathi ene-acidic neswakeme, ukutshala emhlabathini onomhlabathi one-calcareous noma enosawoti kufanele kugwenywe. Ukuchelela kufanele kube izinsuku ezi-4 kuya kweziyi-5 ngesonto ngesikhathi sasehlobo futhi kube kanye kuphela ebusika. Idinga ukukhanya okuhle okungaqondile. Kufanele ikhokhwe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngonyaka nge-iron chelate.
I-Trachelospermum Jasminoides noma i-Starry Jasmine
Le Jasmine yaziwa ngokuthi i-milk jasmine, i-jasmine yamanga, i-star jasmine. Itholakala eJapan naseChina. Iphakathi kwezinhle kakhulu, ngenxa yamaqabunga ayo esikhumba acwebezelayo, aluhlaza anamahlamvu aluhlaza, izimbali zawo zincane kakhulu, zimhlophe futhi zinamakha amnandi. Bazalwa kuma-terminal cymes ngendlela eqoqwe. Iziqu zawo ziwuhlobo oluqinile lokukhula okuhlelekile. Idinga ukukhanya okuningi, imelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukunisela kwayo kufanele kwenziwe masonto onke uma itshalwe engadini ngokuvumelana nezinga lokushisa elizungezile, ukunakekela umswakama ngaphandle kokufinyelela izikhukhula. Kodwa uma isebhodweni, kufanele yenziwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-5 ngesonto.
I-Jasminum Azoricum noma i-Jasmine yase-Azores
Iwumvini, onamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani okumnyama. Le Jasmine inembali emhlophe emise okwenkanyezi enephunga elimnandi, ilungele ukubukisa kumavulandi noma izingadi. Zidinga ilanga eliqondile kodwa amahora ambalwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke indawo ekhanyiswe kahle iyanconywa, kodwa ngaphandle kwezigameko ezingaka. Alikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe kabili ngeviki ngesikhathi sasehlobo kanye kanye ngesonto ebusika. Kunconywa ukuthi ubeke iziqondiso zokukhula kwayo futhi uzuze umphumela oyifunayo.
I-Jasminum Nudiflorum noma i-Yellow Jasmine
Le Jasmine enhle eyaziwa ngamagama e-jasmine yasebusika, i-San José jasmine noma i-jasmine ephuzi ivela eTibet, izimbali zayo ezincane zakhiwe amacembe aphuzi ayisithupha, amaqabunga ayo aphinile ngephimbo eliluhlaza okumnyama elihluma ngokuphambene. Lolu hlobo, ngokungafani nezinye, alukhiphi iphunga. Ukunisela kwayo kufanele kube namanzi amaningi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngakho idinga ukugeleza okuhle. Gwema ukumanzisa amaqabunga nezimbali kule nqubo futhi kudinga ukukhanya okuhle. Obhalisile kufanele kwenziwe ebusika nasentwasahlobo ngomanyolo we-organic. Kutuswa ukuthi usithene emva kokuqhakaza ngakunye ngale ndlela uvuselela isitshalo futhi siqine.
I-Jasminum Grandiflorum noma i-Royal Jasmine
Lena iJasmine edume kakhulu, eyaziwa nangokuthi iRoyal Jasmine, itholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afrika naseningizimu ye-Arabia. Isitshalo se-shruby esinamaqabunga ahlukile, angapheli, amise okweqanda. Izimbali zawo zimhlophe namakha amnandi. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi azihlali isikhathi eside. Idinga ukukhanya okuningi, kodwa ngokungaqondile, ingaphezulu layo elifanele lifudumele. Ngokuqondene nokunisela, kufanele kube okulinganiselwe, lesi sitshalo siyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso (akunconywa) ngokukhipha kahle amanzi. Umhlabathi kumele uvundiswe kahle ngezinto eziphilayo futhi ube nezisekelo ukuze uthuthuke.
I-Jasmine Polyanthum noma i-Chinese noma i-Climbing Jasmine
Lolu hlobo lokukhuphuka lwe-Jasmine lungafinyelela ubude obufika kumamitha angu-5. Amaqabunga awo, njengezinye izinhlobo, angahlala ehlala njalo noma ancibilike kuye ngesimo sezulu lapho etholakala khona, anombala oluhlaza okotshani futhi azalwa ngendlela ephambene. Mayelana nokuqhakaza kwayo, zibonakala zimhlophe ngaphakathi futhi zibomvana-nsomi ngaphandle, zinephunga elimnandi. Isimo sezulu esikahle sifudumele kodwa asimelani nemimoya enamandla. Ngokuqondene ne-substrate, kufanele ibe ne-humus ecebile. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo. Ukuthena kuyadingeka ukuhlanza amagatsha omile noma awela, amaqabunga abunile noma anesifo.
I-Stephanotis Floribunda noma i-Madagascar Jasmine
Lolu wuhlobo lomvini iJasmine oluhlukile kokunye ngenxa yokuma kwalo. Amaqabunga ayo anesikhumba, amade nabanzi aphikisanayo aluhlaza. Ngokuqondene nembali, ifika ngama-bouquets amancane, amhlophe, anephunga elimnandi futhi amakhulu kunawo wonke ama-jasmines, ane-bell shape encane, ahlala isikhathi eside kuye ngesimo sezulu nokunakekelwa. Kutuswa ukuyitshala endlini ngoba ayimelani kakhulu nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izinga lokushisa elikahle lekamelo layo liphakathi kuka-18° no-30°. Kudinga ukukhanya okuhle, kodwa hhayi ngokuqondile. Idinga inhlabathi emanzi kanye nokufuthwa njalo. Umanyolo kufanele wenziwe kanye ngenyanga ngenkathi isitshalo sisaphumule.
Sebenzisa
I-Jasmine ibaluleke kakhulu kuzimonyo, ukukhiqizwa kwamakha, okhilimu bokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, amafutha abalulekile nokunakekelwa kwezinwele. Mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha, i-jasmine isetshenziswa etiyeni ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ngokuzola, i-anthelmintic, isikhunta kanye nesenzo sokulwa namagciwane. Ukuba khona kwalezi zimbali nje kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka, yingakho beyibiza ngokuthi isitshalo sasehhovisi.
Buka ividiyo elandelayo futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana noJasmine othandekayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimbali ngokulandela lezi zixhumanisi: