Isenzakalo se-K-Pop weqe imingcele ngamandla angavamile ukubonakala imboni yomculo yesimanje. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo eSouth Korea kuya ekuhlanganisweni kwayo njengento eyenzeka emhlabeni wonke, lesi sitayela somculo asishintshile nje kuphela umqondo wokuzijabulisa komculo, kodwa nendlela esiqanjwe ngayo. isiko le-pop ekhulwini lama-21.
Okwake kwabonakala njengolunye uhlobo lomculo sekuyiqiniso umshini wamasiko wokufinyelela kwamanye amazwe. Ngezithombe zayo eziqeqeshwe ngokuphelele, isigqi esiluthayo namavidiyo omculo amangalisayo, i-K-PopIsiphenduke imoto yamandla athambile eSouth Korea., ezinqoba izinhliziyo kusukela e-Asia kuya eLatin America, eYurophu nasemhlabeni wonke.
Kusukela kubushiqela kuya ekuzimeleni kwamasiko
Umlando we-K-Pop awukwazi ukuqondwa ngaphandle kokuhlola okwedlule kwezepolitiki nezenhlalo ye-South Korea. Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka, izwe liphila ngaphansi kohulumeni abanegunya lokho Babencisha inkululeko yokukhuluma y bahlole ukukhiqizwa kobuciko. Kwaze kwaba ngawo-1980, lapho kufika inqubo yentando yeningi, lapho kwavuleka khona inkathi entsha yamasiko.
Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokubusa kwentando yeningi ngokusemthethweni ngo-1987, ukucwaninga kwahlala kukhona. Owaziwayo Umthetho Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke, eyaqala ukusebenza kusukela ngo-1948, yasebenza njengohlaka olulinganiselwe okuqukethwe okuthile okubhekwa njengokuyingozi ngohlelo lukahulumeni. Lesi simo sathinta ngqo umculo namafilimu, lapho abaculi babedinga ukwesekwa nguhulumeni ukuze bakhiqize futhi basabalalise umsebenzi wabo.
Naphezu kwalezi zingqinamba, iminyaka yawo-90 iphawule inguquko ngokuvela kweAmaqembu okuqala athonywe imisinga yangaphandle, okungase kudale ukuvela kwe-pop yesimanje yaseKorea. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sikhathi siqhathaniswa nokukhula kwamanye ama-currents omculo emhlabeni, njengokukhula kwesithakazelo kumaqembu afana Izinduku.
Ukuzalwa kwe-K-Pop: Seo Taiji & Boys kanye neminyaka yama-90s
Ngo-1992, abathathu I-Seo Taiji & Abafana yaphuma okokuqala kumabonakude kazwelonke ngesiphakamiso esasiyinguquko ngokuphelele ngaleso sikhathi. Yize ingakalwanga kahle ngabahluleli bohlelo, isitayela sayo esisha, sithonywe kakhulu yi- I-hip hop yaseMelika kanye nezitayela zomculo zaseNtshonalanga, Kwathinta kakhulu intsha yaseKorea, eyayifuna ukuxhumana nezindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma ngokwesiko.
Leli qembu alizange lethule kuphela imisindo emisha endaweni yomculo yaseKorea, kodwa futhi ama-choreographies avumelanisiwe kanye nobuhle obuhlukana nezinkambiso zendabuko. Babengamaphayona ekuhlanganiseni umdanso, umculo, nemfashini ibe umkhiqizo owodwa wobuhle, okumaka isiqalo salokho esikwaziyo namuhla njenge-K-Pop yesimanje.
Impumelelo yayo ayizange ibonakale, futhi ngokugcwele 1997 Inkinga yezezimali yase-Asia, uhulumeni waseNingizimu Korea waqala ukucabangela ngokungathà sina amandla ezomnotho okuthumela ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo yamasiko njengomculo nochungechunge lwethelevishini, okufana nalokho okwabonwa ekukhuphukeni kwabanye abaculi be-rock njenge Izinduku.
Ifomula yempumelelo: imboni ngemuva kwe-K-Pop
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-90, iNingizimu Korea yenze ukuzibophezela okuzimisele ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo ngendlela efanele futhi ihlele kahle imboni yayo yamasiko. Ngo-1999 i Umthetho Oyisisekelo Wokuphromotha Izimboni Zamasiko, okuqinisekise ubuncane bokutshalwa kwezimali okungu-1% we-GDP emkhakheni. Lokhu push isimo evuna ukudalwa ezinkulu ithalente ejensi ezifana I-SM Entertainment, i-JYP Entertainment y I-YG Entertainment.
Lezi zinkampani zakha imodeli elawulwa kakhulu yokukhiqiza umculo. Ngokusebenzisa ama-auditions amaningi, bakhetha izingane kanye nentsha enekhono, ababengaphansi kweminyaka yokuqeqeshwa okujulile ku ukucula, ukudansa, izilimi nokulingisa. Ikusasa izithombe Baqeqeshwe kuzo zonke izici zesithombe nokuziphatha kwabo ukuze bakhe umkhiqizo wokugcina olungele ukusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, le modeli iphakamise ukugxekwa, okufana nalokho okutholwe yimboni yomculo jikelele, ngakho-ke ingafaniswa namanye amacala afana nelikaResidence nomlando wakhe umculo wasemadolobheni.
Lolu hlelo, nakuba lusebenza kahle ngokwemiphumela, luphinde lwaba igxekwa kakhulu ngokhahlo. Izinkontileka ezihlukumezayo, ukulawula okuphelele ezimpilweni zansuku zonke zamaciko, kanye nengcindezi eqhubekayo yokubukeka kwawo ngokomzimba nokusebenza kwawo kuye kwadala izinkinga zempilo yengqondo phakathi kwezithombe eziningi ngisho nezinhlekelele zomuntu siqu.
Isitayela somculo esifana ne-chameleon nesiluthayo
Esinye sezihluthulelo zempumelelo ye-K-Pop ukuthi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Izingoma zihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ezifana pop, R&B, hip hop, funk noma electronic ngaphakathi kwengoma efanayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa okuqhubekayo kufeza izingqikithi ezihehayo, ezihlukahlukene nezikhumbulekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izincwadi zivame ukuhambisana Imishwana yesiNgisi, okwenza kube lula umthelela wayo emhlabeni jikelele. Amagama amaqembu abuye abe ama-akhronimi noma amagama ngesiNgisi, okunomthelela ekwenzeni kwawo amazwe ngamazwe. Izibonelo ezifana I-EXO noma i-BTS iwubufakazi baleli su.
Esinye isici esihlukile se-K-Pop yikho ukunaka okukhulu ku-aesthetics: Kusukela kumavidiyo omculo kuya ezimpahleni zokugqoka, konke kubalwa ngokucophelela ukuze kudale umthelela obonakalayo. I Izimonyo zaseKorea futhi izitayela zemfashini eziqhutshwa izithombe ziye zeqa imingcele yomculo, zaba izenzakalo ngokwazo. Lokhu kusikhumbuza ithonya uRosalÃa abe nalo kuye izingoma ngo-2019 esimeni somculo samanje.
I-K-Pop ne-Social Media: I-Digital Conquest
Ukuqhuma komhlaba wonke kwe-K-Pop akunakuqondwa ngaphandle kwe- indima ebalulekile ye-inthanethi. Kusukela ezisekelweni ezifana YouTube, Spotify kanye TikTok, amaqembu aseKorea aqala ukusabalala emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2011, amalebula amarekhodi aseNingizimu Korea ahlela uhambo lwawo lokuqala lwase-Europe ngempumelelo engakaze ibonwe. Abalandeli baze bahamba baze bahlela Izixuku ezikhanyayo eTrafalgar Square noma ngaphambi kweLouvre ukuze bathole amakhonsathi engeziwe kumaqembu abawathandayo.
NgoNovemba walowo nyaka, UBig Bang uthathe indondo yeBest Global Act kumaMTV Europe Music Awards, imidondoshiya njengoBritney Spears. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, ukwenzeka kwe-K-Pop kwafinyelela ingqopha-mlando entsha ngempumelelo enkulu nengalindelekile ye-PSY kanye "Isitayela se-gangnam", okwathi ngo-2012 wephule irekhodi lokubukwa ku-YouTube futhi wabonisa ukuthi ulimi alusona isithiyo empumelelweni.
Kusukela lapho, umthelela we-K-Pop eNtshonalanga uqhubekile nokukhula. Iqembu BTS, isibonelo, ubambe iqhaza emiklomelweni eminingi yamazwe ngamazwe futhi usebenzisane nabaculi abafana Coldplay, Halsey noma Ed Sheeran. Abalandeli bakhe, abaziwa ngokuthi I-ARMY, baye babonisa izinga lokuhleleka eliqhathaniswa nelezinhlangano zomphakathi, baze bahileleke kulo izizathu zezombangazwe nezenhlalo.
Umthelela wamasiko, imfashini nobushoshovu
I-K-Pop yeqe umculo ukuze ibe i- ukunyakaza kwamasiko emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphezu kokuthonya imikhiqizo yemfashini nobuhle, ikhiqize imiphakathi ehlukene eyabelana ngamavelu, ubuhle, kanye nezimbangela. E-Barcelona, ​​​​eMadrid noma eMontevideo, zidaliwe izikhungo zokudansa namaqembu abalingisa amaciko anjengoBlackPink noma u-Itzy.
E-Uruguay, isibonelo, iqembu I-Vermillion isibe ibhentshimakhi yendawo ye-K-Pop futhi iyingxenye yephrojekthi yezemfundo ethuthukisa umdanso njengokuziphatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i- Abalandeli be-K-Pop sebephenduke amandla obumbano nobushoshovu. E-United States, bacekela phansi umbuthano kaDonald Trump ngo-2020 ngokubhukha amathikithi mbumbulu futhi baphahlaza uhlelo lokusebenza lwamaphoyisa aseDallas ngokuthumela amavidiyo amabhendi abawathandayo esikhundleni sokufaka izikhalazo.
Lolu hlobo lwenhlangano kanye nomthelela womphakathi we-K-Pop kuqhathaniswa namandla abonwa kweminye imiphakathi yomculo, lapho inkulumo yamasiko Kungaba amandla okushintsha umphakathi, okufana nalokho okwenzeka emkhakheni we-hip hop nabaculi abafana no-Resident.
Amandla athambile aseNingizimu Korea
Isu laseNingizimu Korea nge-K-Pop alibanga ngokomnotho kuphela, kodwa futhi ezombusazwe. Uhulumeni uwuphakamisile le mboni njengengxenye yayo amandla athambile: indlela yokuthonya ezinye izizwe ngamasiko azo. Ngenxa yale nqubomgomo, i-K-Pop ikwazile ukuthuthukisa isithombe sezwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2018, iSouth Korea yazibeka njengeqembu imboni yomculo yesithupha ngobukhulu ngokwe-International Federation of the Phonographic Industry.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-K-Pop ibambe iqhaza ukungezwani phakathi kwamaKorea amabili. Ngo-2018, iqembu iRed Velvet lenza eNyakatho Korea njengengxenye yomcimbi wezikhulu. Ngokufanayo, uhulumeni waseNingizimu Korea usebenzise izikhulisa-zwi emngceleni ukusakaza izingoma ze-K-pop njengethuluzi lenkulumo-ze.
Nokho, kuye kwaba khona nokusabela. I-China, ngokwesibonelo, ivimbele okwesikhashana i-K-pop ekuziphindiseleni kwezwe lapho iNingizimu Korea ithumela amasistimu alwa nemicibisholo yase-US eduze nomngcele wayo.
Izibani nezithunzi zezinto zomhlaba wonke
Naphezu kwazo zonke izimpumelelo zayo, i-K-Pop ayinakho ukungqubuzana nokungqubuzana. Izimo zokusebenza kwezithombe, izindinganiso zobuhle ngokwedlulelefuthi i ukuhlukunyezwa kwabezindaba ezinye zezinkinga zesakhiwo semboni. Futhi i- isidingo ngokweqile ukuphelela kanye nokuntula ubumfihlo kube yindaba yokukhononda kwababengamaciko nezishoshovu.
Ngokombono waseNtshonalanga, abanye abahlaziyi bayakungabaza ukusebenza kwangempela kwe-K-Pop njengethuluzi lezepolitiki. Nakuba umthelela wamasiko e-Asia ungenakuphikwa, eYurophu naseMelika lesi simo, naphezu kokuqina kwayo, ayihumushi ngaso sonke isikhathi emathonyeni ajulile kwezepolitiki noma kwezomnotho.
Noma kunjalo, akunakuphikwa ukuthi i-K-Pop isebenzele ukuvula izindlela ezintsha inkhulumomphendvulwano yamasiko futhi uxhume izigidi zabantu nge inguqulo yesimanje, eyakhayo nejabulisayo yeNingizimu Korea. Okwaqala njengokuzibophezela kwamasiko kukahulumeni waseKorea manje sekuphenduke into engakaze ibonwe. Ngaphezu nje kohlobo lomculo, i-K-Pop iyilabhorethri ethrendayo, imboni yezithombe, nesibuko sezifiso zentsha yomhlaba wonke. Uphule imigoqo yolimi, ubuhle, kanye nezamasiko, echaza kabusha indlela izihlabani ze-pop ezidaleka ngayo esikhathini sokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.
