Okuhlangenwe nakho okuseduze nokufa: ubufakazi nesayensi

  • Ama-NDE abonisa amaphethini avamile (ukuthula, ukukhanya, ukubuyekezwa kokuphila) kanye nemiphumela ehlala njalo kulabo abahlangabezana nakho.
  • Isayensi ihlola izimbangela ezingase zibe khona: i-hypoxia, i-neuronal spiking, i-dissociation, kanye ne-neurochemistry yokucindezeleka.
  • Izifundo zomtholampilo (UVA, The Lancet, Parnia) zinikeza izehlakalo nezimo eziqinisekisiwe, ngaphandle kokuvumelana kokugcina.
  • Ukubuka okungokomoya kuhumusha ama-NDE njengezimpawu zokuqaphela ngaphandle komzimba, okunomthelela omkhulu obalulekile.
Alicia Tomero

Imizuzu ye-11

Okuhlangenwe nakho okuseduze nokufa: ubufakazi besayensi nobungokomoya nezincazelo

Okuhlangenwe nakho okuseduze nokufa (NDEs) kudonsa ngamandla abo angokomzwelo kanye nemibuzo abayiphakamisayo. Uma othile eqa umkhawulo wezinto ezibucayi—ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo, ingozi embi, noma ukuhlinzwa okusongela ukuphila—abantu abaningi babika okuhlangenwe nakho okunamandla okubonakala kudlula zonke izinsuku: imizwa yokuthula okujulile, ukukhanya okungenakuvinjelwa noma umbono wokushiya umzimba wakho siqu.

Lesi simo sivela kaningi emhlabeni jikelele, ngamaphethini aphindaphindayo kuwo wonke amasiko, osekubhebhezele impikiswano eshubile. phakathi kokuhumusha okungokomoya kanye nezifundo zesayensi ezizama ukucacisa ukuthi kwenzekani ebuchosheni ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu. Ngaphezu kokubuthana ubufakazi y idatha yocwaningo, lapha futhi siqoqa imidiya yakamuva kanye nezinkomba ezifundisayo, njengengxoxo ka U-Rafael Santandreu noDkt. Morales, ebhekelela amandla ayo okudambisa i-thanatophobia — ukwesaba ukufa—.

Sisho ukuthini ngalokho okwenzeka eduze nokufa?

Ama-NDE ayizimo ezizimele nezinamandla abanye abantu ababikayo lapho besonqenqemeni lokufa noma ezimeni zempilo ezibucayi.. Nakuba indaba ngayinye inama-nuances ayo, Kukhona i-repertoire yezinto eziphindaphindwayo nge-frequency ephawulekayo, ezichazwe ngokucacile ukuthi labo abake babhekana nazo bacabanga ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukudida iphupho noma ukubona izinto ezingekho.

Esinye isihluthulelo esikhanga abacwaningi nomphakathi ukuthi sibonakala sikhona emhlabeni wonke.: Izimo ezihlukene zamasiko nezenkolo zabelana ngezisusa ezifanayo. Noma kunjalo, izincazelo ziyahlukahluka ngokwezinkolelo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nendawo ezungezile, iphuzu ukucwaninga kwesimanje okubalulekile ukuqonda kokubili isipiliyoni kanye nencazelo yako.

Izingxenye ezijwayelekile ezindabeni ze-NDE

Kusukela ezinkulungwaneni zobufakazi, izici eziphindaphindayo ziye zachazwa. Akuwona wonke ama-NDE afaka zonke izakhi, kodwa uma isiqephu eside, ngokuvamile “uhambo” luphelele kakhulu ukuthi lowo muntu ukhumbula ngokucacile ukuthi, bathi, ngeke akukhohlwe.

  • Ukubona ngaphandle komzimba (isipiliyoni esingaphandle komzimba): umuzwa wokuhlukana nomzimba kanye nokubuka phezulu okwenzekayo eduze, ngisho nokubona umzimba womuntu kanye nokuqaphela amandla adonsela phansi ngaleso sikhathi.
  • Ukuhamba emhubheni kuya ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo: uhambo olusheshayo oluhehayo, oluxakayo futhi, ngobufakazi obuningi, ikhuthaza ukuzola noma ukuthakasela.
  • Ukungena esimweni sokuthula nokugcwala okukhulu: umuzwa wenhlalakahle abalingiswa abawuchaza ngokuthi “okungekho emhlabeni”, okushubile kunanoma iyiphi intokozo eyaziwayo.
  • Imihlangano nabathandekayo abashonile: ukuhlangana kanye nezingxoxo nezihlobo noma abangani abashonile, kwesinye isikhathi nabantu okushiwo ukufa kwabo ubengazi.

Izehlakalo zokufa eziseduze

  • Ukuba khona kwezibalo ezikhanyayo noma amabhizinisi: izibonakaliso ezihunyushwa njengezidalwa zomoya—okulingana nezingelosi noma onkulunkulu, kuye ngohlaka lwamasiko—, ngenkokhiso eqinile yothando noma isiqondiso.
  • Ukubuyekezwa kwe-panoramic yokuphila: uhlobo “lokuqagela” kwezehlakalo zempilo, oluhambisana nokuqonda kokuziphatha kanye nemizwelo yezenzo zomuntu siqu.
  • Umbono womkhawulo noma umngcele: umkhawulo ongaphezu kwalokho akukho ukubuya empilweni yasemhlabeni (kungabonwa njengomnyango, umugqa noma indawo).
  • Umlayezo noma isinqumo sokubuyisela: izwi elicacile noma umbono"hhayi okwamanje"Isikhathi sesifikile, kwesinye isikhathi njengokuzikhethela komuntu siqu futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, njengesibopho esivela kulabo abakhona. Iningi lithi alifuni ukubuya ngoba ukugcwaliseka kungakolunye uhlangothi..

Okugqamayo akukhona nje ukuphindaphindwa kwaleli phethini, kodwa umphumela onawo ekuphileni kwakamuva.Abantu abaningi bathi baye balahlekelwa ukwesaba ukufa futhi sebezuze injongo, uzwela, nesifiso sokuphila ngokuqaphela okwengeziwe.

Kungani zenzeka? Imibono evela kwisayensi

Ezingeni le-biomedical, imibono eminingana izama ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ubuchopho bukhiqiza lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sezinkinga ezimbi kakhulu.Nakuba kungekho ukuvumelana okuqinisekile, izinkolelo-mbono ezicashunwe kakhulu zisiza ekukhanyiseleni lesi senzakalo ngokombono wesayensi yemvelo neyobuchopho.

  • I-Cerebral hypoxia noma i-anoxia: ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu, Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kushintsha umsebenzi we-neuronalLokhu kungalingani kungaholela ekuboneni komhubhe, izibani ezikhanyayo, nokuzwa ngaphandle komzimba.
  • Ukukhishwa okukhulu kwama-endorphin: lapho ubhekene nokuhlupheka okukhulu, umzimba ungase qalisa impendulo ye-analgesic ne-euphoric, ngokuhambisana nokuthula noma inhlalakahle echazwayo.
  • Ama-spikes emsebenzini wobuchopho ngemva kokuma: Ucwaningo luye lwaqaphela ukuthi ngokushesha ngemva kokushona komtholampilo, ukuqhuma okufushane, okunamandla komsebenzi we-neuronal kuyarekhodwa (kubhalwe kusukela ngo-2013 kuya phambili), iphakamisa isimo esicacile sokucubungula izinzwa esikwazi ukukhiqiza ukulandisa okunamandla kakhulu kwangaphakathi.
  • Izinqubo zokuhlukanisa: njengendlela yokuzivikela, ingqondo "kunganqamuka" ebuhlungwini nasemzimbeni, okwenza kube lula ukuzwa ukubuka isigameko ngaphandle.
  • I-Neurochemistry kanye nezifunda eziguquliwe: Isazi sezinzwa uKarl Jansen wenze isiphakamiso sokuthi ama-NDE athile abelane ukufana nezimo ezibangelwa izinto ezifana ne-ketamine, okungakhomba kumasekhethi athile e-neurochemical ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
  • Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-multisensory esimeni esibucayi: Omunye umsebenzi uphakamisa ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho okungaphandle komzimba kungaba ukuhumusha kobuchopho lapho kubhekene nokwehluleka ekucubunguleni izinzwa phakathi nezenzakalo ezibucayi.

Engxoxweni phakathi kuka-Rafael Santandreu noDkt. Morales, le mibono kanye nezinye izindlela zayo kuxoxwa ngazo., ukugqamisa ukuthi ucwaningo lwamanje seluqala ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi kwenzekani ebuchosheni ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuchitha ubukhulu obuguqukayo lokho ofakazi abaningi abachazayo.

Idatha, izifundo kanye nezibalo okufanele ukwazi

Ilukuluku lesayensi mayelana nama-NDE likhiqize izifundo ezisivumela ukuthi silinganisele izehlakalo zawo futhi sibonise imiphumela yawo yesikhathi eside.Abayixazululi inkulumo-mpikiswano, kodwa banikeza umongo wokuqina.

  • Izehlakalo ezilinganiselwe: Ngo-2011, abacwaningi baseYunivesithi yaseVirginia babala lokho Phakathi kuka-10% no-20% walabo abasinda ezimweni ezisongela ukuphila bika i-NDE.
  • Funda ku-Lancet (2001): ucwaningo oluphayona ezigulini ukuvuselelwa ngemuva kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo bathole ukuthi u-18% wabika izici ezijwayelekile njengokuthula okukhulu noma imibono ekhanyayo.
  • Imiphumela ehlala njalo: abantu abaningi bayachaza izinguquko eziqhubekayo ezingokwengqondo —ukwazisa okukhulu ngokuphila, ukunciphisa ukwesaba ukufa, umuzwa ovuselelwe wenjongo—, okuphawulwe ku amasiko nezinkolo ezahlukene.

Izehlakalo zokufa eziseduze

Ucwaningo oludidiyelwe ngu-Sam Parnia (Isikole Semithi Yenyuvesi YaseNew York) luhlaziye ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo okungaphezu kuka-2.000 kanye nezikhathi zokufa "okusemthethweni". iminyaka emine. Cishe ingxenye yeziguli Ngakhumbula "okuthile", nakuba okuningi kwalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwakunjalo izimo ze-hallucinatory ezihleliwe ukuthi iqembu liqoqelwe ndawonye izigaba, ngale kwendaba yakudala yomhubhe nokukhanya. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuphakamisa ukuthi izenzakalo ezihlobene nombono we-extrasensory ababona nhlobo abangaziwa kulolu hlobo lwesipiliyoni.

Icala elibeka ukukhanya “enkumbulo” yokuvuswa komuntu

Phakathi kwemibiko yokuvuselela umoya kukhona izindaba ezidonse ukunaka okukhuluE-UK, isisebenzi senhlalakahle—esihlonzwe njengoMnu A—singene ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo njengoba kufakwa i-catheter. Ngenhliziyo yakhe yama futhi azikho izimpawu zobuchopho ezitholakalayo, isimo sakhe sasifile.

Emuva kokuvuselelwa uthe uyakhumbula okwenzeka ekamelweni: Uthe “uzwile” umyalelo wokuthi ashaye ugesi, futhi wachaza indawo yesigameko sengathi uyibone ngaphandle komzimba wakhe. Kamuva, Amarekhodi omtholampilo aqinisekisiwe ukuthi umyalo wakhishwa ngaleso sikhathi. Leli cala, elibikwe yintatheli U-Rachel Nuwer ku-BBC Future (April 10, 2015), iqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokuphenya lezi zigigaba ngaphandle kokubandlulula.

Ukuchazwa kwalokho okuye kwabhekana nakho kubonakala kuthonywa isizinda samasiko somuntu ngamunye.Kuhlaziyo olwenziwa nguSam Parnia, izinkumbulo eziseduze nokufa zahlanganiswa izigaba ezahlukahlukene, ekhombisa lokho Akuyona yonke into elingana nendaba "yemhubhe + ukukhanya".. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaphawulwa ukuthi labo ababuya kulowo mngcele bavame bona kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo izibalo ezihlobene nesiko labo —ngokwesibonelo, onkulunkulu abanjengoKrishna eNdiya noma uNkulunkulu WamaKristu eMelika Ephakathi—.

Impela ngenxa yalokhu kwehlukahlukana okuhumushayo, i-Parnia ikhuthaza ukuhambisa lesi senzakalo sisuke emfundisweni siyise emkhakheni wokufunda.: ukuyibeka esifundweni esinenjongo, nge izindlela nobuchwepheshe, ukugwema ukufunda okungokwenkolo kuphela noma okungabazayoInselele inkulu, kodwa kunjalo nentshisekelo yesayensi nezenhlalo.

Ukubheka okungokomoya: ukwazi ngaphandle komzimba

Kwabaningi, ama-NDE aphakamisa ukuthi ukwazi kudlula isayensi yezinto eziphilayo.. Ababenakho ukuhlangana kothando nabathandekayo abangasekho, zizwe a iyunithi yokukhanya noma uthole eyodwa incazelo ejulile empilweni yakhe ngemva kwesiqephu, babona izimpawu zomunye umkhakha.

Udokotela uRaymond Moody wenza ukuthi umqondo wesimanje weNDE nencwadi yakhe Impilo emva kokuphila, ehlanganisa inqwaba yobufakazi obuye bakhuthaza kokubili abafundi nabacwaningi bengokomoya. Kule misinga, Ama-NDE angeke abe yi-byproduct yobuchopho, kodwa iwindi endizeni ehlukile yobukhona.

Ukuguqulwa komuntu siqu kanye ne-thanatophobia

Ama-NDE angaba nemiphumela ejulile kulabo abahlangabezana nawo.Abantu abaningi bathi, ngemva kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, ukwesaba ukufa kwancipha noma kwanyamalala, bandise uzwela futhi bacabange kabusha izinto eziza kuqala kubo. Lezi zigigaba, nangaphandle kwencazelo eqondile, Zingaba zokwelapha ngokumelene ne-thanatophobia.

Lesi simo kukhulunywa ngaso ezingxoxweni nasezinhlelweni ezifana ne-"Enigmas y Misterios" no-Álvaro Martín., exoxa ngokuthi ama-NDEs asimema kanjani zindla ngokuphila nokufaUmphakathi wesayensi nomphakathi ugcina intshisekelo esebenzayo ekuqondeni nasekuhloleni umthelela wako.

Izincwadi neziphakamiso ezibhebhezela impikiswano

Intshisekelo kuma-NDE ikhuthaze ukuvela kwemisebenzi ehlanganisa ndawonye ubufakazi, ukuhlaziya kanye nemibono yethiyori.. Igqamisa, isibonelo, "I-Superconsciousness ikhona", kadokotela ohlinzayo UManuel Sans SegarraKuyo, okuhlangenwe nakho okungaphezu komzimba kuhlolwa ngokusekelwe ezindabeni zeziguli ezivuselelwe.

I-Sans Segarra inselele imibono yendabuko futhi iphakamisa ukuba khona kwe-Superconsciousness njengobunikazi bokugcina., kungaba ongunaphakade, okhona yonke indawo futhi unamandla onkeIsekelwa amacala omtholampilo kanye ne-physics yesimanje, iphakamisa umbono lapho ingqondo ingancishiswa ibe yindaba, ovula impikiswano ngesimo sokuqaphela.

I-ECM, umlando nobuciko: ukusuka ku-Paleolithic kuya e-Bosch

Lezi zindaba azigcini nje ngesimanjemanje. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kuye kwabhalwa okuhlangenwe nakho okubonakala kuhlobene nokungcwele kanye nemibono esemngceleni wokufa. Kuye kwasikiselwa, isibonelo, lokho IBosco emsebenzini wakhe Ukunyukela e-Empyrean Ibonisa ngokuningiliziwe izigcawu ezifana nencazelo yomhubhe nokukhanya.

Ukuphikelela kwalezi zindaba kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo Iqinisa inkolelo-mbono yokuthi sibhekene nephethini ye-neurobiological ephindaphindayo, noma mhlawumbe iwindi eliya kolunye uhlangothi oluvuleka ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu.

Isayensi nengokomoya: ukungqubuzana noma ingxoxo edingekayo?

Izehlakalo zokufa eziseduze

Ama-NDE akha iphoyinti lokuhlangana phakathi kwemibono yomhlabaNgesayensi, intshisekelo iku chaza ngenkani izimo ezibakhiqizayo; ngoba amasiko kamoya, bamele ithuba lokuhumusha incazelo yalo kanye nenani layo elikhona. Nakuba kungekho ukuvumelana okwamanje, zombili izindlela zifaka isandla ekuqondeni okuphelele.

Izifundo zemitholampilo zidinga idatha enwetshiwe kanye namaphrothokholi; ubufakazi, nokho, bugcizelela ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwaba “okungokoqobo kakhulu kuneqiniso” futhi lokho kube nomthelela ohlala njalo. Ucwaningo oluvulekele nomqondo ovulekile lufuna ukulinganisa imibono yomibili kanye nokuqonda kangcono le nto eyinkimbinkimbi.

Esikwaziyo (nasingakwaziyo)

Siyazi ukuthi kunephethini evelayo kokuhlangenwe nakho nokuthi ngokuvamile kuba nomthelela omuhle ongokwengqondo.. Futhi ukuthi emafasiteleni amafushane, ubuchopho bungabonisa umsebenzi omkhulu futhi ohlelekile ngemuva kokuboshwa kwenhliziyo, kanye nokuthi i-neurochemistry yokucindezeleka okukhulu ingaveza izimo ezishintshile zokuqaphela.

Asinabo ubufakazi obuqinisekile bokuthi lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kusho ukuqhubeka kokwazi ngale kobuchopho.Ukwehlukahlukana kwamasiko ekuchazeni kanye nokuntuleka komaka okuhlosiwe oqinisekisa ukuthi "yini ngakolunye uhlangothi" kugcina inkulumo-mpikiswano ivulekile. Nokho, abantu abaningi bathola uguquko kulezi zimo abalwazisa ngokujulile.

Lezi zenzakalo, nakuba zisaphenywa, zakha ibhuloho phakathi kwesayensi, ubuciko, kanye ne-biography, futhi ziholela labo abahlangabezana nazo ukuthi babike ukuthula, ukukhanya, ukuhlangana, kanye nencazelo. Umphakathi wezesayensi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza ukuze uthole idatha eyimpokophelo futhi uthuthukise ukuqonda kwenqubo, kushuba phakathi kokungabazekayo nokungakhulumeki okugcina uhlamvu lwakho oluthakazelisayo.

i-url ehlobene=»https://www.postposmo.com/astral-travel/»]