Izimbali ngobuhle bazo, ubuhle, amathoni nokumelela, zivusa imizwa nemizwa kusuka othandweni kuya enjabulweni kuye ekubongeni. Ngokuvamile, lapho sizama ukutshela omunye umuntu lokho esikuzwayo, esikukholelwayo noma esikucabangayo, kungaba uthando, ukubonga, injabulo noma uzwela, sisebenzisa izimbali ukuze sikudlulisele. Konke lokhu kumelela imbali, kodwa imbali inencazelo yayo, ukubukeka, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokunakekela ngenxa yalesi sizathu kulesi sihloko sizofunda okwengeziwe mayelana Poppies.
poppy flower
Imbali iyinhlanganisela ekhiqizayo yezitshalo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-spermatophyta noma i-phanerogam. Umsebenzi wembali uwukuqala imbewu ngokuzalana ngokocansi. Ngezimbali, imbewu iwukukhiqiza okulandelayo futhi isebenza njengendawo eyinhloko lapho izinhlobo ziphila khona futhi zidlulele ngokwazo.
I-poppy iyimbali engavamile futhi ethambile. Sonke siye sabona amasimu agcwele ama-poppies, anemibala ebomvu egqamile yama-corollas awo kuze kufike lapho angabona khona iso, edala amagagasi nemisele. Zimila eceleni kwemigwaqo emikhulu zingene emasimini. I-poppy isitshalo se-herbaceous esinesiqu esiqondile, esinikeza izimbali ezinkulu nembewu emnyama. Ikhula ezindaweni ezipholile emhlabeni wonke, ejwayelekile eNyakatho Melika, e-Asia naseYurophu. Le mbali ihlezi phezu kwesiqu esibanzi nesincane futhi inamacembe amane abomvu agqamile.
Incazelo yemibala yamaPoppies
Izimbali zibonakala ngokuba nezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemibala ezabelwe izincazelo, kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isikhathi, zinikezwe noma zethulwe. I-poppy iyimbali efunwa kakhulu futhi ingatholakala ngemibala eminingi ehlukahlukene. Umbala ngamunye ubhekisela encazelweni oye wanquma ngayo izinkomba zembali eshiwo.
upophu obomvu
Icaciswa njengembali ye-barbaric, njengembali ekhangayo ngobuhle bayo kanye nombala wayo othize. Ifanekisela ubugovu ngobumsulwa bayo. Ivamile eSpain kodwa isebenza kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika, isitshalo esixhumene kakhulu nomsebenzi womuntu, ikakhulukazi ekutshalweni kokusanhlamvu.
upophu owolintshi
Kuyibheji lenjabulo nenjabulo. Ngokufanayo, umbala wewolintshi unikeza isichasiso sobungani, ngakho-ke, iyimbali enezinkomba ezinhle futhi ezimele ithemba, ukuqiniseka. Nokho, liphinde lazuza njengefa izincazelo ezithile ezivumelana nombala obomvu.
upopi omhlophe
Incazelo yalo ihlotshaniswa nokulala okujulile nokumsulwa nenjabulo nothando lweqiniso. Lezi zimbali zibhekwa njengama-poppies wangempela noma ama-opium poppies, njengoba isetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-opium, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwakho konke itshalwe emazweni afana ne-Afghanistan noma i-India.
upophu ophuzi
Zichichima kakhulu e-Iceland futhi kuyancomeka ukuthi lezi zimbali zihlukanisa indlela eya enkathini entsha. I-symbogy ye-poppy yalesi sibonakaliso ihlotshaniswa nokuvundiswa. Okugqama kakhulu ama-poppies aseCalifornia aphuzi. Lawa ma-poppies, nakuba ekhula ngokwemvelo, nawo asetshenziswa ngobuciko.
upophu obomvu
Isitshalo se-poppy esibomvu noma i-poppy yasendle yaziwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-papaver rhoeas, ingeyomndeni we-papaveraceae njenge-celandine enkulu kanye ne-opium poppy.
Ikilasi: Magnolioside
I-oda: Papaverales
Umndeni: Papaveraceae
Uhlobo: Papaver
Umsuka kanye Nokusabalalisa
Izitshalo zagqama ngokusatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zeplanethi, ikakhulukazi ngezimbali ezinhle esezisakazekele ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba; i-poppy isakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia nase-Afrika, iqiniso elingase lisho ukuthi iyinhlobonhlobo etholakala kulezi zifunda zomhlaba.
Izici zePoppy
Ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubekelaphambili yaso eyanele nenempilo, ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezihlala ezingadini, ikakhulukazi lezo eziyizinhlobo zezimbali nemihlobiso lapho kufanele kuhlinzekwe indawo eyanele ukuze iqhubekele phambili.
Isiqu
I-poppy iyisihlahla esibukeka njenge-herbaceous esingafinyelela ku-50 cm ubude. Ineziqu eziqondile futhi ezihlukene kancane ezinezinwele ezinhle. Imbozwe ungqimba oluhle lwe-fluff. Kuyaziwa ngokuthi uhlobo lonyaka noma, ngamanye amazwi, phakathi nonyaka lesi sitshalo siyaqhuma, izimbali futhi sife.
Ukuthumela okungaphansi
Umhlabathi ingxenye engaphezulu yoqweqwe lomhlaba eyehla ekuboleni noma ukushintshashintsha ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kwamadwala kanye nezinsalela zezenzo zezidalwa eziphilayo ezihlala kuwo. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo sopopi lucela inhlabathi eyomile kodwa esusiwe
Imbewu
Isithelo salesi sitshalo siyi-capsule ye-unilocular equkethe imbewu eminingi. Nge-septa efanisiwe, okuluhlaza okotshani okuphaphathekile, ukumelwa okusaqanda - i-subglobose, esikwe uhlobo lwesivalo engxenyeni engenhla (idiski) enemisebe engu-8-18 kanye nezinhlamvu eziningi ze-sub-millimeter, ezidonswa emigodini ngaphansi kwediski engaphezulu ( poricidal dehiscence ). Lezi zinhlamvu ezincane zimise okwezinso, zixutshwe noju nge-polygonal mesh kanye nombala onsundu. Zikhula kahle kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Azimelani nezimo zezulu ezishisayo noma umswakama. Zonke izimbewu ziyaphelelwa yisikhathi, lezi zimbewu zihlala iminyaka emibili (2).
Kushiya
Amaqabunga e-poppy ahluke kakhulu, angaba mncane, abe made, abe mfushane, njll., futhi anemiphetho egobile. Zikhula ngokushintshana eduze kwesiqu futhi zinenzwa eyodwa emaphakathi. Amaqabunga, azalwa ngokushintshana eduze kwesiqu, ngaphandle kwe-petiole, aphina futhi anamazinyo amakhulu emaphethelweni anomthambo owodwa ophakathi.
Izikhukhula
Okugqama kakhulu ngesitshalo sikapopi izimbali zaso. Zizodwa zinamacembe ashwabene abe imiqumbe eqhakazayo okuthi, lapho eqhekekile, aveze umbala omuhle ongenelayo okwaziyo ukuguquka usuke kokubomvu ngokwesiko uye kowolintshi noma omhlophe. Zilinganiselwa ku-5 noma 6 cm ububanzi. Ngokuvamile, izimbali zibonisa amabala amnyama engxenyeni ye-basal. Ama-poppies aqhakaza esimweni esithile, ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
I-Poppy enombala obomvu engena enwetshiwe, inwetshiwe futhi icishe ibe yindilinga, inamacembe amane acolekileyo kanye nama-sepal anoboya amabili. Amacembe mahle kakhulu futhi akhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke izimbali azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa imihlobiso yezimbali. Ama-stamens, amnyama ngombala, asungula isethi eyindandatho eduze kwe-harem, okuyenza ibonakale njengenkinobho emnyama. I-poppy ibilokhu ifakwe kwezolimo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Isikhathi sokuphila sazo sihambisana nesamba sezitshalo zokusanhlamvu, ziqhakaza kanye nezinhlamvu ngaphambi kokuvunwa kwesivuno. Nakuba kubhekwa njengokhula, kulula ukulwa nezindlela ezijwayelekile zokulawula izinambuzane.
Ukunakekela Poppy
Ukubaluleka kwezimbali ukufaka isandla ekukhiqizeni izitshalo. Lapho izinambuzane, izinyoni kanye nama-vampire athile efika azobuka imbali futhi antshontshe umpe lwayo, zisuke zikhipha impova ngokususa uthuli lwezitshalo noma isidoda zisuka e-stamens ziye kuma-pistils ezinsikazi.
Ukuzala
Uma kubhekiselwa ekuphindaphindeni, kuhlobene nokuzala kabusha kwezitshalo, okungaba ngezindlela ezimbili: ucansi noma i-asexual. Uma kukhulunywa ngocansi, kubhekiselwa endleleni eyisisekelo yembewu lapho ngokusebenza komoya noma impova yezinyosi, lapho amangqamuzana abesilisa ayiswa emangqamuzaneni esifazane yenye imbali. Ekuzalweni kwe-asexual, yilapho isitshalo singaba khona kokubili izitho zesilisa nezesifazane ezikhiqiza ukuzalwa kwama-protuberance namagatsha azosikwa futhi atshalwe, okuwukukhiqizwa kwaso ngembewu.
Endabeni ye-poppy, ukuhlakazeka nokwakheka kwembewu kusekela ukuqhubeka kwesitshalo esisha esibomvu se-poppy. Isikhathi lapho isitshalo sihluma futhi sikhiqize isithelo cishe izinyanga ezintathu (3). Imbewu ye-poppy ebomvu idinga izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze ichanyuselwe, futhi ingalala isikhathi esithile.
Indawo
Izitshalo zidinga ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwelanga okuningi ukuze zenze izindlela ezahlukene ze-biochemical ezizuzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo futhi zivumele ukuba zenze isinyathelo se-photosynthesis esisetshenziswa izitshalo. Ama-poppies izitshalo ezikhula kahle kakhulu emhlabathini owomile, ompofu othola ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi.
Ukunisela
Umswakama ungakha esinye sezimo eziyisisekelo zokukhula okufanele kwezitshalo, ube nokulawula okukhulu phezu kwento yangaphakathi yesitshalo. Kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi amancane kakhulu, ngaphansi kokuningi, ngokuqapha ukugwema ukubola kwezimpande. Azidingi amanzi amaningi, ngakho-ke azikubekezeleli ukugcwala kwamanzi. Izikhathi ezimbalwa ngeviki zingaphezu kokwanele futhi kuya ngesizini yonyaka.
Ukuthumela okungaphansi
Ama-substrates ayingxenye yendawo noma indawo lapho isitshalo singahlala noma sithuthuke khona. Umhlabathi uyingxenye yezintaba kanye nezindawo eziwugqinsi njengoba ngokuvamile uqinisa amasu abalulekile e-ecosystem, njengokuhlunga imisoco, ukuhlakazeka kanye nokuba khona kwamanzi. Izindawo ezingaphezulu zinikeza ihange, amanzi, nokudla kwezitshalo. Isitshalo sopopi sikhetha inhlabathi eyomile enemisoco embalwa kakhulu, ingatholakala kalula emasimini okusanhlamvu nangaseceleni kwemigwaqo. Azidingi indawo ethize ukuze zimile, into nje wukuthi lapho zitshalwe khona kumele ziyekwe zize ziqede umzuliswano wazo ngoba azivumi ukuthi zishintshe izindawo.
Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwePoppy
Izitshalo zigqama ngokuba ngenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu abantu ukuze bathole imihlomulo ehlukahlukene, okugqamisa okokuqala ubuhle bokuhlobisa ezinabo kanye nokukhanga, ikakhulukazi izimbali ezizalwa kuzo, ngaphezu kokwethula izakhiwo zokwelapha. ezizuzisa ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Izinhlobo zama-poppies abomvu zinezakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-poppies, okuchazwe ngezansi:
ukusetshenziswa Culinary
Amaqabunga opopi angaphekwa njengesipinashi, lapho evunwa ngaphambi kwezimbali zezimbali. Banambitha kamnandi. Kodwa lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza ama-alkaloid, akhiqiza umphumela wokuphumula; ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo akujwayelekile kakhulu. Uma ufuna isitshalo sokuphumula, i-lemon verbena iyanconywa. Ezilwaneni ezidla uhlaza iba nobuthi, lowo mphumela wobuthi obuncane uyaqedwa ngesikhathi sokuwupheka. Imbewu ayinaso isenzo esifana namaqabunga, lezi zinhlamvu zingasetshenziswa ekulungiseni isinkwa namakhekhe njenge-condiment. Amacembe angasetshenziswa ekulungiseni ama-syrups, ujamu kanye neziphuzo ezibandayo.
Ukusetshenziswa komuthi
Iqiniso lokuba nomthelela wokuphumula, futhi ama-sedative kanye nama-hypnotics angasetshenziswa uma kunezinkinga zemizwa noma ukuqwasha noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nje. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengama-infusions kuzuzisa iziguli ezinezinkinga zokuphefumula. Ngesifuba somoya, amafinyila, ukukhwehlela kanye nemikhuhlane kunikeza imiphumela emihle nenenzuzo yalezi zifo. Yehlisa imiphumela ye-conjunctivitis ngokuhlikihla amehlo ngokufakwa kwezimbali zayo, okumele zihlungwe kahle. Esinye sezimo zenhlanganisela yayo isenzo sayo sokwelapha isinqandakuvunda, ngenxa yalokho iyavuma ukuthi isetshenziswa ukuhlanza nokupholisa amanxeba.
Ukulungiswa kwe-infusions kungasetshenziswa isipuni ukuze ubambe isipuni samacembe anqunywe zibe yizicucu futhi omisiwe futhi afakwe enkomishini yamanzi abilayo. Ivumele iphumule imizuzu emihlanu, ingene futhi ingafakwa uju. Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku ngezikhathi ezimfushane, ngeke kubangele imiphumela emibi.
Isivumelwano Sobuhle
Izitshalo zimelela kakhulu ubulili besifazane, zisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kobuhle nokongiwa kwemvelo, esimweni se-Poppy ingasetshenziselwa ukucaciswa kwemikhiqizo yezimonyo enenzuzo kakhulu yesikhumba kanye nokwandiswa kwamakha. ngenxa yephunga layo lemvelo elingavamile.
Contraindication
Ukuphatha ngobuhlakani ukuphatha ngobuhlakani, kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yisiphi isitshalo ukubonisana nochwepheshe bezempilo. Kodwa-ke, ayinayo imiphumela emibi eyinkinga, ukungadli kahle kuhlale kufana nobungozi. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwalesi sitshalo kungabangela ukulimala kwamathumbu kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile:
Ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi