Abantu bavame ukuzibuza sikumuphi umthala , futhi esingakusho ngalokhu ukuthi lena akuyona i-Milky Way ngokwayo.
Singabakwamuphi umthala?
I-nebula noma i-galaxy esikuyo iyisihloko sengxoxo njengoba abaningi beqinisekisa ukuthi akuyona IMilky Way okukodwa nakanjani spiral galaxy lapho isimiso sonozungezilanga ikhona futhi uMhlaba utholakala, iplanethi lapho sihlala khona. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezici zomthala wethu, ungabheka lesi sihloko izici zemithala.
Ngokusho kocwaningo, inesixuku se-solar mass ye-1012 futhi iyi-helix ezungezile. I-axis yayo emaphakathi ibonakala icishe ibe ngu-100 weminyaka yokukhanya, efana namakhilomitha acishe abe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisigidi noma ingxenye yezigidigidi eziyi-000. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ibamba phakathi kwezigidi ezingu-9480 nezi-200 yezinkanyezi ezahlukene.
Indlela esuka eLangeni iya eksisi ye-nebula cishe iminyaka engu-25 yokukhanya, ngamanye amazwi, amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu nambili engqikithi ye-astral axis. I-Milky Way imelela ingxenye yeqoqo lemithala engaba ngu-40 ikhonjiwe Iqembu Lendawo, futhi ingeyesibili ngobukhulu futhi ekhazimulayo ngemuva kwe-Andromeda (kodwa-ke, ingase ibe nkulu kakhulu, njengoba i-thesis entsha ifakazela).
Ebusuku ibhekwa njengomugqa ocacile wokukhanya okumhlophe eduze kwayo yonke imbulunga ye-astral. I-anomaly yezinzwa yomthala wethu ibangelwa izinkanyezi nezinye izinto imisebe eqondile ephezu kwethafa le-nebula, njengomhwamuko womkhathi. I-Milky Way ibonakala ikhanya kakhulu ku-orientation ye indawo ye-sagittarius, njengoba maqondana nayo kuleyo ndawo eqondile lapho i-nucleus yayo ingatholakala khona.
Iqiniso ngomthala esingabawo
Njengoba sekushiwo kusukela ekuqaleni, ukuhumusha nokuveza ukuthi yimuphi umthala esikuwo kuyiqiniso elilula, ngoba i-nebula yethu ngokungangabazeki iyi-galaxy. IMilky Way futhi ngaphezu kokwethula iplanethi yethu leyo equkethe ngendlela efanayo neSolar System. Ngakho-ke, kuyathakazelisa nokwazi okwengeziwe indawo yoMhlaba emthaleni, njengoba lokhu kusisiza ukuba siqonde kangcono indawo yethu endaweni yonke.
Ngalolu hlelo lwemibono, ngobusuku obuthile obuthule singakwazi ukuhlukanisa umugqa omhlophe onqamula isibhakabhaka ngapha nangapha, ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkanyezi, ezinye zincane noma zinkulu. Futhi, lezo zinkanyezi ziyingxenye encane yomakhelwane bethu. Phakathi kwethu sonke sakha i-Milky Way, ngamanye amazwi, umthala wethu.
Singakuwuphi umthala: iMilky Way
El Uhlelo lomkhathi ikweminye yemikhawulo ye-spiral, ikakhulukazi iminyaka engu-28.000 yokukhanya ukusuka eksisi futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe i-22.000 ingarekhodwa ohlangothini ngalunye. Lokhu kuhlobene nocwaningo lwe izinhlobo zemithala, okwandisa ulwazi lwethu lokuthi zakhiwe futhi zakhiwe kanjani.
Izici zomthala wethu
Ezinye ze izici zomthala wethu, yilezi:
1. Usayizi
I-Milky Way iyi-nebula enkulu ezungezayo ingaba nezinkanyezi ezingaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu, phakathi kwabo, inkosi yethu inkanyezi, ilanga. Ngalo mqondo, ingakwazi ukukala iminyaka engu-100.000 yokukhanya ku-eksisi yayo futhi ine-agglomeration engaphezu kwezigidigidi ezimbili uma iqhathaniswa neyeLanga.
2. Ukusonteka
Njalo eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi amabili nanhlanu Uhlelo lomkhathi yenza kahle i-spin eduze nendawo ye-nebula. Ihamba cishe amakhilomitha angama-270. Lo mnyakazo ufundwa maqondana ne ukwakheka komthala kanye nenkanyezi, okuwumkhakha othakazelisayo wesayensi yezinkanyezi.
3. Umphenduli
Asikwazi ukuhlukanisa i-eksisi ekhazimulayo njengoba izinto eziqondile ezimnyama, uthuli lwesikhala kanye nama-vapor abandayo ahlanganisiwe, angavumeli ukudlula kwe-luminaire. Iyancibilika ebamba ukusebenza ngempumelelo umgodi omnyama
4. Ukumelwa
La IMilky Way inokumelelwa okubonakalayo kwelensi ebunjiwe. I-nucleus ijabulela ibhande elimaphakathi elinephrofayili eyi-elliptical kanye neminyaka engaba ngu-8.000 yokukhanya ku-eksisi. Izinkanyezi ekugxilwe kuzo zigcwele kakhulu kunalezo ezisemaphethelweni. Eduze kwayo ungabona ifu le-hydrogen, inkanyezi eyodwa noma enye kanye namaqoqo omkhathi ahlukahlukene.
5. Igama
Ngokufanayo, singaphinde sihlangane iMilky Way, njenge Umgwaqo kaSantiago, njengoba ukwazi ukubona ngeso lenyama umugqa wokukhanya odlula esibhakabhakeni sonke sasebusuku.
Ukutholwa komthala wethu
e 1610 Galileo, esebenzisa isibonakude, waqinisekisa ucwaningo lukaDemocritus, ebala izinkanyezi azibona esibhakabhakeni, wakha isithombe se-Milky Way njengesondo lomkhathi lapho iplanethi yethu icwile emanzini. Nokho, uGalileo akakwazanga ukwenza ubukhulu bale nebula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kwadlula iminyaka ngo-1912 ubudlelwano phakathi kwesikhathi nokukhanya kwezinkanyezi kwembulwa Okuguquguqukayo kwe-Cepheid, okwamvumela ukuba abale izindlela zamaqoqo e-globular. Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nalezi zindikimba zasezulwini, bheka lesi sihloko amafu e-cumulus.
Iqembu Lendawo
Kanye no Andromeda, unxantathu, amafu e-Magellan, imithala emincane nama-nebula, nezinye izinhlelo ezincane, bakha iqembu elihlobene namandla adonsela phansi futhi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iQembu Lendawo.
Iziphetho mayelana nokuthi sikuwuphi umthala
Izigidi zeminyaka sitshelwe ukuthi I-solar system ithinta umthala wethu, okusho ukuthi "i-Milky Way", Kodwa izincwadi ezintsha zisikisela ukuthi ukuqala kwesimiso sonozungezilanga empeleni kuyi-Sagittarius dwarf nebula, kangangokuthi lapho isondela, iSagittarius yanwetshwa, yaphushwa eceleni futhi yacwiliswa yi-Milky Way ngesibonelo sokudliwa kwezinkanyezi.
Imephu yesibhakabhaka
Ngokusho kocwaningo, kwenziwa abacwaningi abahlukahlukene uhlobo lwemephu lapho isibhakabhaka sisebusuku futhi ngokungangabazeki lokhu kwasenza sacabanga ukuthi inkanyezi yethu ingaba umsuka wayo kwenye i-nebula egwinywa eyethu. Ngakho-ke, isifundo se- indlela yobisi kuba semqoka ekuqondeni lobu budlelwano.
Phakathi nalokhu okungenhla, phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ososayensi baye bazama ukuchaza ukuthi kungani i-Milky Way iyabonakala ngomfudlana ovela emhlabeni wethu. Ngokufanayo, ngokwemiphumela etholwe ngemephu, Umhlaba awuyona ingxenye yawo, kodwa kunalokho nebula I-Sagittarius dwarf, eginywayo.
Ngokophenyo oluzuzwe ngenhloso yokuthi ihlanganisa izinkulumo ze-infrared endaweni, eholwa yiNyuvesi yaseMassachusetts, abacwaningi bavuma okungaziwa mayelana nokubhalelana phakathi kweMilky Way nesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga osekuyisikhathi eside kuyizimfihlo.
Ngezindiza ze-infrared, abacwaningi baxosha izigidi zezinkanyezi ukuze ziziqondise ku-M Giant eshiwo ngenhla. Lezi zinkanyezi ziningi emthaleni weSagittarius, kodwa akuvamile emthaleni wethu.
Ngaphambi kwalo msebenzi, izazi zezinkanyezi base bethole izinkanyezi ezimbalwa ezihlakazekile weSagittarius Dwarf Nebula. Ngisho nokuba khona kwawo akuzange kufakwe kwaze kwaba yilapho umnyombo walo mhlangano wezinkanyezi wembulwa iqembu laseBrithani lamatilosi asemkhathini.
Umkhawulo wezazi zezinkanyezi
El i-engeli lapho i-Milky Way ibonakala khona Ibonakala esibhakabhakeni, futhi inososayensi abanentshisekelo. Ukube inkanyezi yethu yayidalwe kuyi-Milky Way, ngabe sisendaweni ecashile yomthala, izinkanyezi zibunjwe ndawonye zisuka eLangeni nge-engeli efana kakhulu naleyo iLanga lethu elihlelwe ngayo.
Ngokuphambene, njengoba umcwaningi u-Edwin asho, i-engeli eyinqaba ikhomba ukuthi iLanga lethu lithonywa olunye uhlelo. Ngokufanayo, izazi zezinkanyezi zibonakala ziqiniseka kancane ekuvezeni lokho imephu ye-infrared ibonakala ixazulula imfihlo futhi ichaza isimiso esisebenzayo sesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi ukuphendula manje ukuthi yimuphi umthala esikuwo kulula ukudalula kusukela lapho siyacaca ukuthi asibona aba umthamo wezinkanyezi kodwa komunye edliwa yikho.
