Spider monkey
Izinkawu zesicabucabu zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi zonke izilwane eziphila ngaphansi kwe-New World. Zinemilenze emide kakhulu, ezivumela ukuthi zishwibilike futhi zinyakaze kalula phakathi kwezihlahla ezisendaweni yazo, njengomdwebi ohamba phambili we-trapeze. Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ezithandekayo nezihehayo zithola iziteketiso eziningi ngaphezu kwegama lazo, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi: ama-maquisapa, ama-koatás, ama-marimono, ama-marimonda, noma ama-atelos. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngaleli qembu lama-primates, sikumema ukuthi ufunde ngaleli qembu izinhlobo zezinkawu.
Izici
Lezi zinkawu ezinhle zingezabomndeni wakwa-Atelidae. Ngokulandelayo, babizwa ngokuthi ama-Ateles, leli gama libhekisela ekungabini kwabo isithupha, bane-appendage ye-vestigial. Kunezinhlobo ezingu-7 zezinkawu zesicabucabu, ezisabalele kulo lonke elaseMelika, lezi yilezi: i-Ateles paniscus (inkawu yesicabucabu esimnyama), i-Ateles belzebuth (inkawu yesicabucabu esivamile), i-Ateles chamek (i-Peruvian spider monkey), i-Ateles hybridus (i-Magdalena spider monkeys). -i-spider monkey) kanye ne-Ateles geoffroyi (inkawu yesicabucabu sikaGeoffroy).
Lezi zigaba zivela ezifundweni ezehlukene zesayensi, ezisekelwe ku-DNA yezinkawu esikhundleni sezimpawu zoboya bazo. Lezi zinkawu ngokuvamile izacile, nakuba zinkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinkawu New World. Ubude bayo obuphelele bungaba phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-33 - 66. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkawu yesicabucabu esinekhanda elimnyama inobubanzi obuncane besayizi, ubukhulu bayo bungaba phakathi kwama-38.9 - 53.8 amasentimitha.
Abesilisa balolu hlobo ngokuvamile banesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-11, kanti abesifazane bafinyelela kumakhilogremu angu-9.89 kuphela. Imfene yesicabucabu sika-Geoffroy kucatshangwa ukuthi ingenye enkulu kunazo zonke, ngokuvamile enobude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-33 kuya kwangu-63 futhi inesisindo esingafika kumakhilogremu angu-9. Ukwakheka kwethambo lomzimba walezi zilwane ezinkawuni kuyathanda ukwazi. Zinomsila omude kakhulu osebenza njengengalo yesithathu, futhi udlula wonke ubude bomzimba wazo, ukwazi ukukala kuze kufike ku-89 cm, ingasaphathwa ukuthi izitho zazo zinde kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukufunda okwengeziwe, bheka isihloko sethu ku- izici monkey.
Lo msila ofanayo u-prehensile, okungukuthi, bangakwazi ukuwulawula ngokuphelele futhi bawusebenzise ukubamba nokudiyazela, besebenzisa lokhu njengokucabangela, kungashiwo ukuthi lezi zinkawu zesicabucabu zinemilenze emi-5, umsila ubude kunawo wonke. Isici esibalulekile salolu hlobo ukuthi iminwe yabo inomumo ogobile, njengozipho, futhi ayinazo izithupha. Namakhala akhe aqhelelene kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nobuncane bekhanda lakhe.
Into egqama kakhulu ngezinsikazi zalolu hlobo ukuthi zine-clitoris enkulu, engenza kube nzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kobulili. Uboya kulezi zinkawu bukhulu kakhulu futhi bumnyama kakhulu ngombala, ngokuvamile bumnyama noma bunsundu ngokumnyama. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezithile zalolu hlobo, sonke isifuba singase sibe mhlophe noma sibe beige, kanti kwezinye, kukhona amabala alula anwebeka kuwo wonke umzimba, ezindaweni ezinjengomsila, emuva, noma ngaphezulu kwekhanda.
Habitat
Ikhaya eliyinhloko lezinkawu zesicabucabu yiMelika, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweMexico ne-Amazon yaseBrazil, ngokusobala ehlanganisa yonke i-Central America nasenyakatho yeNingizimu Melika. Ngokuvamile zitholakala emahlathini ashisayo, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi indawo yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkawu ayifani. Isibonelo esihle i-Ateles fusciceps, ehlala ePanama, eColombia, nase-Ecuador. Zihlala zithanda izindawo zokuhlala okungenani ezingamamitha ayizi-2.000 XNUMX ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singabuka i-Ateles geoffroyi, ehlala ngokuyinhloko eMexico, eHonduras, eBelize, eGuatemala, ezindaweni ezihlukene zeMelika Ephakathi neColombia, ichuma kakhulu ezindaweni eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lolwandle. Ukuze uqonde kangcono indawo okuyo, ungafunda mayelana imvelo yamahlathi emvula.
Manje, ikakhulukazi, ukusatshalaliswa kwalezi nkawu kungokulandelayo: IMagdalena Marimonda ihlala ikakhulukazi eVenezuela naseColombia; Inkawu yesicabucabu esinobuso obumhlophe ngokuvamile ihlala emahlathini aseBrazil; Inkawu yesicabucabu esimnyama eSuriname naseFrench Guiana; I-spider monkey evamile ePeru, eBrazil, eVenezuela, e-Ecuador naseColombia; Ekugcineni, inkawu yesicabucabu sasePeru ePeru, eBrazil naseBolivia.
Idla kanjani i-Spider Monkey?
Lezi zilwane eziningi ezidla uhlaza, ukudla kwazo okuhlanganisa cishe amantongomane nezithelo ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze banezele ekudleni kwabo, badla ukudla okunjengamaqabunga namaqanda ezinyoni, futhi uma ukudla kuyindlala, bangadla izicabucabu, izinambuzane, amagxolo esihlahla ngisho noju. Lezi zinkawu zithathwa njengabasakazi abakhulu bembewu, njengoba uma zidla isithelo ziphinde zigwinye imbewu, bese ziyikhipha endle bese imila emhlabathini. Uma unesithakazelo ekudleni kwezinye izinkawu, ungathola ukuthi yini dla ehlathini.
Ukuziphatha
Ngenxa yesimo sazo senhlalo, lezi zinkawu zivame ukuhlangana ngamaqembu amalungu angu-15 noma angu-25, nakuba leli nani lingakhula libe amalungu angu-40. Isakhiwo senhlalo saleli butho sihlelwe ngamaqembu e-fission-fusion, okusho ukuthi usuku lonke lezi zinkawu zingahlukana ngokuphelele ngamaqembu amancane ukuze zidliwe, futhi ebusuku nazo zivame ukuhlukana kancane ukuze zilale. Lezi zilwane ezihlala njalo, zichitha ubusuku bonke zilele phezulu ezihlahleni ezivame ukulinganisa amamitha angu-15.
Indawo okwabelwana ngayo yilo mhlambi ingafinyelela phakathi kwamahektha angama-90 no-250. Lapho zibhekene nosongo, lezi zinkawu ziqala ukwenza imisindo ehlukene, efana nse nokukhonkotha kwenja. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baphinde baxhumane ngale ndlela, ngokukhala, ukuklabalasa nemisindo ehlukene, ngisho nangokuma komzimba okuhlukile nokuhlukile. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana nokuziphatha kwazo nezinye izimpungushe, bheka isihloko sethu ku izici zenkawu ye-saraguato.
Ukuzala
Uma lezi zinkawu sezithombile, futhi sezamukele ucansi, ezinsikazi yizona ezihlakazeka eqenjini zihlangane nenye, uma sekwenziwe lokhu, yona yamukele eyeduna efuna ukugana nayo. Futhi kokubili iduna nensikazi zihogela izitho zangasese zomunye nomunye ngaphambi kokuhlangana. Ukukhulelwa kombungu kungathatha isikhathi esiphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-226 - 232, emva kwalokhu kulinda kuzozalwa ingane eyodwa.
Isikhathi sokulinda phakathi kokuzalwa ngakunye singaba iminyaka emine njalo, nakuba ingaba mithathu kuphela, yanele ukuba inzalo entsha ikhule ngokwanele, ngokunakekela kukanina. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwalezi nkawu zesicabucabu kufinyelela eminyakeni emine noma emihlanu futhi ngokuvamile ziphila iminyaka engama-20.
Izinsongo kanye Nokugcinwa Kwezilwane
Ngeshwa, zonke izinhlobo zezinkawu zesicabucabu zisengozini njalo. I-Ateles fusciceps isengozini enkulu yokushabalala, inkawu yesicabucabu esimnyama isesimweni "Esisengozini" futhi ngokudabukisayo okunye okuhlukile kusengozini yokushabalala. Konke lokhu kulandela imininingwane yoHlu Olubomvu lweNyunyana Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokulondolozwa Kwemvelo.
Izinkawu zesicabucabu zibhekene nesimo esinzima kakhulu, abangazi noma bazokwazi yini ukusinqoba. Ngakho-ke, ikusasa labo aliqinisekile uma zonke izinsongo ababhekene nazo ziqhubeka nokwanda. Lezi zinsongo ezifanayo, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukugawulwa kwemithi futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuzingela. Ngokuvamile zizingelwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ekuhloleni kwesayensi nokwenza izifundo ngezifo ezinjengomalaleveva. Ukuze uthole umbono obanzi wesimo sayo, bheka isihloko esithi izilwane ezisengozini e-brazil.
Ezinye zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlala ezindaweni ezivikelwe, okuqinisekisa ukusinda kwazo, kodwa lokhu akwanele kubo bonke abantu bezinkawu zesicabucabu, kuyadingeka ukwengeza izinyathelo ezintsha zokugqugquzela ukuqwashisa okuhlangene ngokubaluleka kwazo, nokuhlenga kwabo njengezinhlobo zezilwane.
