Lapho sizwa inkulumo ethi "ubuchwepheshe be-robotic» Ngokushesha sicabanga imilenze nezingalo ezenziwe ngamagiya, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa noma abantu bensimbi. Uyazi ukuthi i-intelligent matter isho ukuthini? Faka lesi sihloko futhi ufunde konke mayelana nobuchwepheshe berobhothi, nokuthi buwushintsha kanjani umhlaba ngokushesha.
ubuchwepheshe be-robotic
La ubuchwepheshe be-robotic Kuvela ekuhlanganisweni kwesayensi ehlukene efana nemishini, i-electronics, computational noma amasistimu. Lobu buchwepheshe bunesandla ekuhlinzekeni imisebenzi enzima engenziwa ngumuntu oyedwa, okumele futhi iqedwe ngokushesha nangephutha elincane. Manje imisebenzi eyayisenziwa ngaphambili ngamadoda ayikhulu futhi yathatha amahora noma izinsuku ukuyiqeda, ingenziwa irobhothi elilodwa, liqede ngemizuzu embalwa, libe nephutha elincane. Lena enye ye Izinhlobo Zobuchwepheshe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic buye banciphisa izingqinamba ezimbonini, njengoba "ziyisisebenzi" esingatholi iholo, sisebenza isikhathi esengeziwe, ngaphandle kokukhathala, noma ikhefu noma amaholide, sihlala iminyaka enkampanini, ngaphandle kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, silandela imiyalo kuphela.
Noma ubani angacabanga ukuthi kuyindaba yesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba amarobhothi athathe indawo yabantu ngokuphelele, aze asedlule ngisho nokusithobela futhi abe izisebenzi zawo. Kodwa-ke, akukho lutho oluqhubekayo eqinisweni, ngoba lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela lapho irobhothi likwazi ukudala elinye irobhothi elihlakaniphe kakhulu, nokunye kwesikhangiso se-infinitum. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umuntu wayengeke akwazi ukulawula.
Umnikelo wobuchwepheshe berobhothi
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bube negalelo elikhulu ezindaweni zokwakhiwa kwezibhedlela, izikole, izimoto. Ngokunokwenzeka, ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buzovumela esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu ukuba khona ukusuka ekhaya kuye emadolobheni ahlakaniphile.
Ngokuvamile, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic buyakwazi ukuqonda indawo ezungezile futhi yenze izenzo ezivumela ukufeza umgomo oklanyelwe wona. Intuthuko yokuqala kubuchwepheshe berobhothi yasebenzela ukwenza izimboni ngokuzenzakalela. Namuhla, izicelo zobuchwepheshe berobhothi zisuka kwezolimo ziye ekuhambeni emkhathini.
Ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe berobhothi kwasetshenziswa kakhulu amafekthri ezimoto eJapan nase-United States, kwathi ngeminyaka yawo-XNUMX, iJapan yaziphusha yaba ngumholi ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe berobhothi emhlabeni. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic baqala ukwenzeka kweminye imigqa yokukhiqiza ukuze kusebenze izinhlelo.
Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, kwakhiwe izinto ezintsha kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimi zokuhlela eziya ziba yinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinhlelo ze-algorithm zivumele ubuchwepheshe be-robotic ukuthi bukwazi ukuzimela.
Robotics Technology Definition
Njengoba sesishilo ngaphambili, yisayensi ehlanganisa amagatsha ezobuchwepheshe ahlukene. Inhloso yawo ukuklama imishini yamarobhothi ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukene ngokuzenzakalelayo. Futhi ukuthi benza imisebenzi elingisa ukuziphatha komuntu noma kwezilwane. Konke lokhu kusabela emisebenzini ehlanganiswe nesofthiwe yerobhothi.
Ubunjiniyela beRobhothi
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuklama irobhothi kudinga inhlanganisela yezinto ezikhethekile zobunjiniyela ezifana ne-electronics, mechanics, computing, control, information technology; okungukuthi, ubunjiniyela be-mechatronics.
Zonke lezi zingcweti ngokuhlangene zakha ubunjiniyela be-robotics noma lokho okubizwa manje ngokuthi i-mechatronics. Amanye amagatsha ahlanganiswe ku-mechatronics yimishini ye-automata noma yesifunda kanye ne-algebra.
Ngenxa yokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-robotic, kuye kwavela imikhakha emisha, efana ne-mechatronics, ehlanganisa ubunjiniyela bezinhlelo, ubunjiniyela be-elekthronikhi, kanye nobunjiniyela bemishini. Ngokufanayo, ivumele ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwezihloko ezifanayo.
Buvelaphi ubuchwepheshe berobhothi?
Igama lesiSlavic elithi "robota" yilona elabhapathiza lobu buchwepheshe futhi libhekisela emsebenzini owenziwe ngendlela ephoqelelwe. Futhi ubuchwepheshe bokuqala be-robotic esinemibono yabo bubuyela emuva ekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka BC
Amaphayona obuchwepheshe berobhothi
Imiklamo eyikhulu echazwe u-Ctesibius wase-Alexandria, u-Philo wase-Byzantium, u-Heron wase-Alexandria, nabanye, ibonisa izinto zobuciko ezihlukahlukene ezikwazi ukwenza izenzo ngokuzenzakalelayo. Omunye waqala isenzo sawo esebenzisa umlilo, omunye ngomoya, futhi ekugcineni, omunye, uhlamvu lwemali.
Kwakungenxa yokusungulwa kukanjiniyela waseSpain uLeonardo Torres Quevedo lapho igama elithi "okuzenzakalelayo" lisetshenziswa. Phakathi kwezinto azisungulile eziphawuleka kakhulu isilawuli kude sokuqala esingenantambo, i-automatic chess player kanye neshuttle yokuqala. Yebo, lezi ezimbalwa nje kweziningi aziqambile.
Umlobi waseRussia kanye nesazi samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo u-Isaac Asimov, umbhali wemithetho emithathu yamarobhothi, nguyena owachaza amarobhothi njengesayensi ephethe ucwaningo lwamarobhothi.
Futhi ngeke sikhulume ngobuchwepheshe berobhothi ngaphandle kokubalula u-Alan Turing owakha izisekelo zamarobhothi nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Umsebenzi wakhe ogqame kakhulu kwakuwukuqhekeza umshini we-Enigma wamakhodi amaNazi. Ayigcinanga ngokuqinisekisa ukunqoba eMpini Yezwe Yesibili, kodwa futhi yavumela uguquko kwezobuchwepheshe, ivumela umhlaba njengoba siwazi namuhla.
KwakuyiMpi Yezwe II lapho umhlaba wesayensi uthuthuke kakhulu ngesikhathi kwakhiwa izikhali ezintsha, imithi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvumela izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezinkingeni ezibhekene neqiniso lalowo mzuzu. Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic lusasetshenziswa ukunikeza izixazululo ezinkingeni zokuphila kwansuku zonke.
Imithetho emithathu yamarobhothi
Njengoba sike saxwayisa ngaphambili, u-Isaac Asimov wenza igxathu elimangalisayo kumarobhothi, njengoba ekwazi ukuyibeka njengesayensi enesibopho sokufunda nokuklama yonke into ehlobene namarobhothi. Kodwa-ke, ifa lakhe aligcini lapho, liqhubekela phambili futhi lisungula imithetho emithathu yamarobhothi, esizobhekisela kuyo ngezansi:
- Irobhothi alikwazi ukulimaza umuntu.
- Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi kufanele buhambisane nemiyalo enikezwa umuntu, inqobo nje uma le miyalo ingekona ukulimaza omunye umuntu.
- Irobhothi kufanele liqaphele ukuba khona kwalo, inqobo nje uma lingaphuli umthetho wokuqala nowesibili wamarobhothi.
Ukuhlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe be-robotic
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bunezindlela ezimbili zokuhlukaniswa ngomugqa wabo wesikhathi noma ngokwesakhiwo sabo. Sizoqala ngokuyichaza ngokomugqa wayo wesikhathi:
ngomugqa wesikhathi
Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuhlanganisa izizukulwane ezine. Ngamunye wabo uzoncika ekhonweni lerobhothi lokuphendula. Ngamanye amazwi, obunye balobu buchwepheshe buphendule izilawuli kude futhi njengoba buthuthuka, basabela ohlelweni oludidiyele. Ake sibone lezi zizukulwane.
Isizukulwane Sokuqala: Amarobhothi Akhohlisayo
Lobu buchwepheshe berobhothi busingathwa ngumuntu ogcwalisa imisebenzi elula efana nokubamba kanye nezinto ezihambayo. Uyakhumbula ku-movie edumile ethi "Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory" irobhothi elathatha indawo kababa kaCharlie? Ophethe ngokubeka isivalo somuthi wokuxubha amazinyo. Yisibonelo esiphelele salokho ubuchwepheshe be-robotic obubizwa ngokuthi ama-Manipulators.
Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe lunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, njengocwaningo lwe-SAR (Specific Absorption Rate). Uketshezi olukhethekile olulingisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali omuntu lufakwa ngaphakathi kwesitsha esisesimweni somuntu.
Iselula ibekwe lapho indlebe izohlanganiswa khona futhi kushaye ucingo. Umsebenzisi ubonisa endizeni ye-Cartesian amaphuzu aqondile lapho ingalo yerobhothi izokwenza izilinganiso isebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile. Irobhothi lithola uhlelo bese liqhubeka nokwenza umnyakazo futhi lithole izilinganiso ezidingekayo.
Lolu cwaningo lusivumela ukuba sihlaziye umphumela obangelwa imisebe enga-ionizing, njengaleyo ekhiqizwa umakhalekhukhwini emzimbeni womuntu lapho uvezwa isikhathi eside. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe berobhothi kuyadingeka kulolu cwaningo ngenxa yokunemba kwalo, noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa okufana nokushaya kwenhliziyo komuntu kungashintsha imiphumela yocwaningo.
Isizukulwane Sesibili: Amarobhothi Okufunda
Njengoba igama labo libonisa, lobu buchwepheshe bubheka, bubambe ngekhanda futhi busebenzise ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kanye nedathabhesi. Kulesi sizukulwane, amarobhothi abonakala ngokufunda kwawo.
Ungase uzibuze, lifunda kanjani irobhothi? Yebo, kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokufunda ngobuchwepheshe berobhothi, enye yazo ukulingisa. Irobhothi libheka umqhubi, lirekhode ukunyakaza kwazo futhi likugcine enkumbulweni yalo yangaphakathi, bese lizama ukukuphindaphinda.
ukufunda okuqinisiwe
Amasu anjengokufunda okuqiniswayo nawo asetshenziswa. Ngendlela efanayo naleyo izilwane eziqeqeshwa ngayo ngokuziklomelisa ngokwenza ngempumelelo umyalo owunikiwe, amarobhothi nawo ayaqiniswa. Irobhothi lenza i-oda lalo lokuqala futhi njengoba lithola imiphumela, libe selithuthukisa ukwenza kwalo izinqumo. Umklomelo wakhe ukufeza umgomo ohlukanisiwe, isibonelo ukunqoba umdlalo we-chess.
ukufunda okujulile
Enye indlela yokufunda ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-robotics busetshenziswa ukufunda okujulile. Lolu hlobo lokufunda luzama ukulingisa ukuziphatha kwemizwa yobuchopho bethu. I-neuron yokuqala ithola ulwazi, ezinzwa zayo ezifana namehlo, ukuthinta, ukunambitha, ukuhogela nokuzwa, futhi ngokushesha ukulandelana kwe-neuronal kuqala ukusebenza ukuze kunikeze ulwazi ngomcimbi.
Endabeni yobuchwepheshe be-robotic, izinzwa zayo zinikeza ulwazi oluhlaziya ngezingxenye. Ake sithathe njengesibonelo indaba yerobhothi elikwazi ukubona ubuso. Lapho ithola ubuso, inethiwekhi yayo ye-cyberneuronal iqala ngokuhlaziya idatha eyisisekelo kakhulu, imibala eyakha lobo buso, bese iqhubeka nokucacisa izimo ezibenzayo, futhi ekugcineni ikuhlukanise ngezinkulungwane zozimele ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo imininingwane.
Isihlahla sezinqumo
Iveza uhlelo oluqhubekayo ngokwezimpendulo ezitholiwe. Lolu hlobo lwesikimu luvame kakhulu kuma-algorithms wokuhlela ubuchwepheshe berobhothi. Cabanga ukuthi ufaka isistimu yokulungisa iphutha ngenxa yokushoda kwe-inthanethi. Umbuzo wokuqala wesistimu uthi “Ingabe umzila wakho uvuliwe? Ngaphandle kwalokho". Uma ukhomba impendulo uxhunywe kolunye uhlelo lokuxazulula iphutha, njalo njalo kuze kube yilapho inkinga isixazululiwe.
Lena yindlela ama-algorithms okubalayo ahlelwe kukhompuyutha noma ubuchopho berobhothi asebenza ngayo. Lapho ibhekene nenselelo, iqala ukwenza izikimu zayo eziningi futhi igcine ulwazi. Ekugcineni, lapho ifinyelela isisombululo ngempumelelo, igcina izinqumo ezizuze umphumela omuhle ukuze iphendule ngokushesha ngokuzayo. Kungashiwo ukuthi irobhothi lifunde ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwalo.
Isizukulwane Sesithathu: Amarobhothi anokulawula okuzwakalayo
Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe be-robotic lusabela ngokusho kolwazi oluthola ezinzwa zalo, lesi senzo sivela emiyalweni ethunyelwe isilawuli sayo noma ikhompuyutha yangaphakathi. Ngisho noma linohlelo lwangaphambilini, irobhothi liyakwazi ukuzihlela kabusha ngokuya ngedatha eliyithola endaweni elikuyo.
Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe berobhothi luthembele kakhulu kuzinzwa zalo ukuze lukwazi ukwenza izinhlelo zalo zokulawula. Ngamanye amazwi, njengoba bezwa indawo, ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zabo kuqala ukwenza ukunyakaza okufanele.
Isibonelo esiyisisekelo salesi sizukulwane umugqa omnyama olandelayo wemoto. Izinzwa zayo ze-infrared zithwebula umbala omnyama ngakho-ke ukuhlela kwayo kubonisa ukuthi ingaqhubeka nokuthuthuka. Uma ichezuka emugqeni omnyama, izinzwa ze-infrared zidlulisa ukuchezuka ngokungasawuboni umbala omnyama futhi ukuhlelwa kwawo kwangaphakathi kuyaqhubeka nokulungisa indlela yawo.
Isizukulwane Sesine: Amarobhothi Ahlakaniphile
Umehluko phakathi kobuchwepheshe berobhothi bangaphambilini kanye nalobo obuhlakaniphile ukuthi lokhu kwakamuva kubonisa inqubo yokuqhubeka kusilawuli. Lokhu kuvumela ukwenza izinqumo ezingcono ezisabela ngokushesha nangokunembile kumcimbi.
Lobu buchwepheshe berobhothi bunezinzwa eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezikimu zokucabanga eziyinkimbinkimbi kunamarobhothi esizukulwane sesithathu. Ngokuyisisekelo, lobu buchwepheshe berobhothi bunamandla okuzivumelanisa nokufunda endaweni ebazungezile.
Ngokwesakhiwo sayo
Isakhiwo sobuchwepheshe berobhothi sichazwa ngokuhamba kwayo noma ubudlelwano bayo nezidalwa eziphilayo.
I-Polyarticulated
Yilawo anokuthutha okuncane noma angenakho futhi alungele ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindayo, eyinhloko ehlanganisa indawo ebanzi kakhulu futhi edinga ukunemba okukhulu. Lapha singathatha isibonelo serobhothi ku-movie ethi "Willy Wonka kanye ne-Chocolate Factory". Wayengenamnyakazo futhi wenza ukunyakaza kukakhadinali nokuphindaphinda.
La marobhothi asebenza futhi ukuthutha imithwalo endaweni encane. Ngokufanayo, ukwenza umsebenzi ngokunemba. Eqinisweni, kukhona amarobhothi e-polyarticulated endaweni yokwakhiwa kwamakhadi we-elekthronikhi. Ziwusizo olukhulu njengoba zinciphisa isikhathi sokwakha futhi zivumela ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
AmaSelula
Lobu buchwepheshe berobhothi buklanyelwe ngqo ukwenza ukufuduka okukhulu. Zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlola nezokuthutha. Sike sababona ezindaweni ezisengozini enkulu, baze bayiswe kwamanye amaplanethi. Banezinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe futhi bayakwazi ukuchaza indawo abahlala kuyo ukuze bazivumelanise nayo.
Mhlawumbe eqashelwa kakhulu irobhothi Ilukuluku, namuhla elisebusweni beplanethi iMars. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukutholwa kwezakhi zebhayoloji nezinqubo ezivumela ukuphila futhi ezihlanganisa ikhabhoni, umoya-mpilo, i-hydrogen, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen nesibabule.
Futhi ukutholwa kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ongaphezulu kanye nezinqubo zokuguguleka nokwakheka kwendawo kuyingxenye yezinhloso zeCuriosity. Kanye nokuhlola inqubo yomjikelezo wamanzi kanye nokutholwa kwemisebe emhlabeni.
Iqiniso liwukuthi lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe be-robotic. Lesi isibonelo sezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe berobhothi. Kulokhu, kwakungelula ukuthumela umuntu, ngoba imiphumela yokuchayeka ezimweni zeplanethi kumuntu ayaziwa. Nokho, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi lezi zimo ukuhlola isimo sezwe. Futhi yilapho umsizi we-quintessential, ubuchwepheshe berobhothi, engena khona esenzweni.
Ama-Android
Kungashiwo ukuthi lobu ubuchwepheshe berobhothi obaziwa kakhulu, njengoba buye baba nezincazelo nasesinema. Yilobo buchwepheshe obuzama ukulingisa ukuziphatha komuntu. Njengamanje, izwe elithuthuke kakhulu kulobu buchwepheshe be-robotic ngokungangabazeki i-Japan, ene-National Museum of Emerging Sciences and Innovation e-Tokyo, ikhaya lama-android angempela nadumile kakhulu emhlabeni.
Inhloso yama-androids ukulingisa kokubili ukuziphatha nokuziphatha komuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi balingisa ukunyakaza kwezimoto zomuntu futhi baphinde bazame ukulingisa amandla akhe engqondo, ukuhlola nokuphendula ngokuzimele.
Pho kungani ama-Android engakwazi ukufana nabantu? Noma ama-androids esidlula ngamakhono athile, njengokuxazulula izinkinga zezibalo ngokushesha, ashoda ngokuthile okungenakwenzeka ukukunikeza, ukwazi.
Uma sikhumbula i-robot protagonist yefilimu ethi «Wall-E» sibona ukuthi yini eyenza ihluke kwamanye amarobhothi. Uhlukaniswa nekhono lokuba nemizwa ngoba wasungula ngokuzithandela, hhayi ngoba eyingxenye yohlelo lwakhe. Wakwazi ukubona izinkanyezi, ukuzwelana nesilwane esifuywayo esingavamile, nokwazi izidingo zaso eziyisisekelo. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi wayebazi ngobukhona bakhe nendawo ezungezile. Umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kobuchwepheshe berobhothi nomuntu.
I-Gynoid vs Android
Igama elithi gynoid lisho ama-androids anokubukeka kowesifazane, kuyilapho igama elithi android lisebenza kakhulu kulawo anokubonakala kowesilisa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa kukho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babukeka kanjani njengama-Android.
I-Android yokuqala yethulwa emphakathini ngo-2005 e-Japan. Bekuyi-android ebukeka njengowesifazane noma i-gynoid ekwazi ukwenza ukuthinta okufana nokuphefumula, ukucwayiza, ukuhambisa izandla zayo nokunyakazisa ikhanda layo. Kwabe sekuvela i-Ever-1 eSouth Korea, ekwazi ukuhambisa izindebe zayo ukuze ihambisane nenkulumo yerobhothi, futhi ibheke emehlweni ngesikhathi sengxoxo.
i-zoomorphic
Lobu buchwepheshe berobhothi bufuna ukulingisa i-biomechanics yezinto eziphilayo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukunyakaza okwenziwa izilwane.
Isikhungo saseMelika i-DARPA sigxile ekuxhaseni ngezimali ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi obuchwepheshe berobhothi agxile kwezokuvikela. Enye yamaphrojekthi akhe avelele kakhulu i-AlphaDog.
Umsebenzi waleli robhothi ukulandela isosha elihamba phambili, elithwala imithwalo efinyelela ku-180 Kg amakhilomitha angamashumi amathathu (30) Konke lokhu ngenkathi lihamba ezindaweni ezinzima njengeqhwa, amatshe, ukungalingani nokunye. Inekhono elimangalisayo lokubuyisela ibhalansi, ukugxuma noma ukugwema izithiyo, ukugibela izitebhisi nokuvuka ekuweni, ithule kakhulu.
Konke lokhu kunyakaza kubonakala kulingisa inja noma umnyuzi. Ukunyakaza kwayo, okungokwemvelo nokufana nemvelo, kubangele umthelela omkhulu kunkundla ye-YouTube, njengoba ividiyo yayo yokuphromotha ikwazile ukufinyelela ukubukwa okuyizigidi.
AmaHybrids
Yibo bonke lobo buchwepheshe berobhothi obuhlanganisa okungaphezu kwesisodwa sezici ezishiwo ngenhla.
ubuchwepheshe be-robotics yezimboni
Enye yezindawo ezithakaselwe kakhulu umkhakha wezimboni. Umklami wedivayisi yokuqala yezimboni kwakunguGeorge Charles Devol. Ngokuvamile kuthiwa nguye owasungula amarobhothi, futhi ngenxa yalokho waklama amarobhothi okuqala.
UGeorge Charles Devol, wazalwa ngo-1912 e-United States, edolobheni laseKentucky. Wayehlale ebonisa amakhono akhe obuhlakani.
Ngawo-XNUMX, uGeorge Charles Devol waklama idivayisi yakhe yokuqala ehleliwe futhi yabonakala ngokusabela kwayo kalula emiyalweni yesofthiwe. Ngamanye amazwi, wazivumelanisa nezimo kalula.
Lokhu kuzophawula ukuqala kokuklanywa kwemishini ehlelekayo. Ukuze akhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwamarobhothi ahlakaniphile, ubambisana noJosefh Engelberger futhi ulawula ukwakha inkampani - i-Unimation - enikezelwe ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizeni amadivaysi ahlakaniphile.
Inqubo ezenzakalelayo
Njengoba sike sasho phambilini, omunye wemikhakha ethandwa kakhulu kube umkhakha wezimboni. Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bube nesandla ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizeni izinqubo ezizenzakalelayo ezimbonini ezahlukene.
Lawa madivayisi ahlakaniphile aklanywe ngesofthiwe esabela ezinqubweni ezihlukene zochungechunge lokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe ikhulise amandla alawa madivaysi ahlakaniphile.
Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhlanganiswe namarobhothi abenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwenza imisebenzi yawo ngokugcwele, ukubona kokwenziwa kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa.
La marobhothi aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi emele ubungozi obuthile esintwini. Ngokufanayo, bayakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ehilela imizamo futhi ephindaphindayo ngokwemvelo.
Le mishini inenzuzo yokungathinteki ezintweni ezijwayelekile kubantu njengokukhathala, indlala, ukoma, ukulala, ukugula, ukukhathala, phakathi kokunye.
Phakathi kwezici ezigqamayo kulawa madivaysi, iwukuklama kwawo ngokuqondile, njengoba anezingalo eziningana nezimbazo eziwavumela ukuba ajikeleze, avumelane nezidingo zomkhakha. Ngakho-ke, ziyimishini eguquguqukayo engenza imisebenzi efana nokubeka izingxenye, ukuhlanganisa, ukushisela, ukwenza amamephu anezinhlangothi ezintathu zezingxenye ezizoshiselwa, imisebenzi yezokuthutha, kanye nenani lemisebenzi eminingi enciphisa ingozi yamaphutha ochungechungeni lokunikezela. ukukhiqizwa.
Amazwe ahamba phambili kubuchwepheshe berobhothi
IJapan ibikade ihola ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe berobhothi embonini. Kodwa-ke, iChina iyakwazi ukuhola ekusetshenzisweni kwamarobhothi ezimbonini zayo. Njengamanje, izwe lase-Asia linamathuluzi ahlakaniphile ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namashumi amane nesishiyagalombili (148.000) ezimbonini zalo, amele amaphesenti angamashumi amathathu nesishiyagalombili (38%) obuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile obusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezimboni emhlabeni wonke.
Kodwa-ke, impi yokulawula imakethe yomhlaba i-China ne-United States ebibhekene nayo ingase imele ibhuleki ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini emisha ehlakaniphile emkhakheni wezimboni. Esimeni lapho le mpi yezomnotho iphela, i-International Federation of Robotics ibikezela ukuthi iChina ingase yakhe amarobhothi angaba ngu-XNUMX kubantu abayizi-XNUMX.
isevisi ye-robotics technology
Ubuchwepheshe besevisi yerobhothi yilelo gatsha lobunjiniyela berobhothi elibhekele ukuklama amadivayisi ahlakaniphile avumela izinsizakalo ukuthi zinikezwe abantu futhi ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise izinga lempilo yabo.
Umgomo wesevisi yamarobhothi ubuchwepheshe ukwenza imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo ngendlela evimbela abantu ukuthi bangalimali, bagule, futhi bathuthukise umsebenzi. Le misebenzi yemishini ingenziwa ezindaweni eziyingozi noma engagcini ukuhlanzeka okwanele kwesintu, ingase futhi iphindaphindeke noma icindezele.
Lolu hlobo lwemisebenzi kumuntu lungamelela ukulimala noma izifo, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zisetshenziswa ezihlakaniphile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-International Federation of Robotics iphakamisa incazelo yerobhothi njenge
"Izisetshenziswa ezenza imisebenzi ewusizo kubantu noma imishini, ngaphandle kwezicelo ezishintshayo zezimboni"
Izici
Phakathi kwezici zobuchwepheshe bezinsizakalo zamarobhothi amandla alawa madivaysi okusebenza ngokwengxenye noma ngokuzenzakalelayo. Leli khono libangelwa ukuklanywa kwesofthiwe ehlakaniphile ehlanganiswe ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nombono wokwenziwa.
Lezi zinhlobo zezingxenye, ngenxa yekhono lazo lokwenza imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, zinikeze izixazululo embonini nasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.
Akungabazeki ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-robotics yesevisi yibo obusetshenziswe kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, ngoba buhlinzeka ngemisebenzi eminingi nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukusetshenziswa kwala marobhothi ahlakaniphile kuvula uhla lwamathuba ebhizinisi ezinsizeni ezikhiqizayo. Phakathi kwezinkambu ezihlomule kubuchwepheshe besevisi singabala:
- umkhakha wezokwelapha
- Umkhakha wezempi, wezokuphepha nowokuvikela
- I-Courier kanye nokuthuthwa kwezinto zokwakha
- Imisebenzi yasekhaya njengokupheka, ukuhlanza, phakathi kokunye.
- Ukungenisa izihambi
Amarobhothi e-courier nezokuthutha
Ukusabalala kwemishini ehlakaniphile eyenza imisebenzi ye-courier yakhelwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abafanelekile kwezokuthutha kanye nezinsizakalo zokuthumela izincwadi.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo zezimboni ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesevisi enikezelwe ekuthumeleni amaphakheji, esizuze ukwanda okukhulu ngenxa yokuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi, okuholwa kakhulu izinhlangano ezidume umhlaba wonke njenge-Amazon ne-Alibaba.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezwa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi?
Njengoba sesibonile, ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezivumele umuntu ukuba athuthuke ngendlela emangalisayo emhlabeni wesayensi nobuchwepheshe. Ubuchwepheshe be-robotic sebuphenduke umngane obalulekile emikhakheni efana nezemfundo, imithi, ucwaningo, izimboni, ubuciko bezempi, ngisho nokuhlinzeka kalula ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buvumele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo ezinokuzimela. Lokhu kungenzeka, njengoba bekwazi ukuchaza indawo abakuyo futhi benze izinqumo ngokusekelwe olwazini abalutholayo.
Amazwe asemqoka kanye nezithakazelo zawo
Amazwe ayinhloko asekela futhi athuthukise ubuchwepheshe be-robotic abheka ukuthi ayikho isevisi ezokwazi ukubalekela lobu buchwepheshe. Kusukela ekusizeni abantu abadala, ukunaka umphakathi ezindaweni zokudlela, amahhotela nasemabhange ngezinye zezinsizakalo ubuchwepheshe berobhothi obunikezayo namuhla emazweni afana ne-Japan.
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuthi ubuchwepheshe berobhothi busetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, e-United States, abathuthukisi abakhulu balobu buchwepheshe yizimboni nezikhungo zempi. Ngenkathi iseJapan abagqugquzeli bayo abakhulu nguhulumeni, imboni yezimoto kanye nemboni yezogesi.
Kukholakala ukuthi ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buzokwazi ukususa ngaphezu kwengxenye yemisebenzi ekhona njengamanje nehlala abantu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-robotic ngemuva kokubuyisela ukutshalwa kwezimali kukhona abasebenzi abangatholi iholo, abangafaki isandla, abangakhokhi intela, abangenawo amaholide.
Ingabe ubuchwepheshe be-robotic buzokwazi ukuthatha isikhundla somuntu?
Akunakugwenywa ukubuza ukuthi ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buyoke bukwazi yini ukususa umsebenzi womuntu ngokuphelele. Emazweni anjenge-Japan, inani labantu abasebenzayo liphansi kakhulu njengoba izakhamuzi zakhona ikakhulukazi kungabantu abadala, yingakho kuye kwadingeka ukuthi ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bujoyine izisebenzi zabo.
Kodwa-ke, bathole ukulingana okuye kwathela izithelo ezinhle ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yabo. Bahlanganise amandla obuchwepheshe berobhothi nezisebenzi zabantu. Le nhlanganisela ibe yimpumelelo kangangokuthi ubona ukuthi ngeke kusabahlukanisa futhi.
Umuntu akanakushintshwa
Ngokufanayo, abakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-robotic bungangena esikhundleni somuntu. Ulwazi lomuntu luyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngokunjalo, imisebenzi efana nokuqapha ngezinga eliphezulu lokunemba ingenziwa kuphela ngumuntu. Ngamanye amazwi, kuyohlale kunezinqubo ezingenziwa umuntu kuphela.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buthuthuka, kuye kwavela amakhono amasha ngakho-ke imisebenzi emisha okufanele igcwaliswe. Futhi uma isizinda esiphelele sobuchwepheshe berobhothi besivunyelwe kuyo yonke imisebenzi ekhona, kungasho ubungozi ekusebenzelaneni nasekwakheni ubudlelwano bomphakathi phakathi kwabantu. Ngakho-ke ungazola, ngoba lobu buchwepheshe abudedelwa emphakathini uma ukuphepha komuntu kuzo zonke izinhlobo kungaqinisekisiwe.
Izicelo zobuchwepheshe berobhothi namuhla
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buhlala buthuthuka futhi busebenzisa izinhlelo zabo ezahlukene. Inesabelo esibalulekile ezimbonini zezimoto neze-elekthronikhi. Kodwa futhi singakuthola ezindaweni ezifana nezolimo, ukudoba, izimayini, ukuhlola, ezokuthutha, imfundo, imithi, i-geography, imvelo, phakathi kokunye.
Ngisho naseJapane, kuye kwathuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi obukwazi ukunquma isimo sengqondo sabantu. Umsebenzi wawo ukuba nobudlelwano bokuxhumana nabantu. Mhlawumbe uke wezwa ngegama elithi Peppers irobhothi elinokuxhumana nabantu.
Kodwa-ke, inhloso enkulu yokuba khona kobuchwepheshe be-robotic ukufaka isandla emisebenzini esindayo futhi eyingozi kumuntu. Umthelela wawo emhlabeni wanamuhla ubangele ukuthi amanye amazwe acabange kabusha izinqubomgomo zawo zangaphakathi ukuze kuzuze futhi kuzondleke okufanayo.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTAgDxL5t6M
Ubani othuthukisa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi?
Ukuthuthukiswa nocwaningo kubuchwepheshe be-robotics kuholwa yi-Asia. Amazwe afana neChina, iSouth Korea neJapan, kulandele iYurophu neNyakatho Melika, namanyuvesi athuthuke kakhulu njengezikhungo zawo eziyinhloko. Izinkampani zivule izikhungo zocwaningo, nazo zijwayele ukuba ngabaxhasi bala manyuvesi ukuze zithole inzuzo ocwaningweni lwazo.
Ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe berobhothi kuba nzima kakhulu nsuku zonke. Iqala ukufuna izinga elithuthuke kakhulu nelijulile futhi kuthatha iminyaka yocwaningo olunzima ukwenza impumelelo. Nakuba lokhu akusho ukuthi kuyinto embi, ukufeza lezi ntuthuko, ukubambisana okuningi phakathi kwezikhungo ezahlukene, ochwepheshe, izikhungo kanye nezinkampani ezigxile kubuchwepheshe be-robotic kuyadingeka. Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olubanzi oluzuzwe eminyakeni yokusebenza ngokubambisana.
Lesi simo sengqondo sokusebenzisana sibangelwa ukuthi izikhungo zocwaningo zidinga imali engenayo, futhi izimboni azinabasebenzi kanye nemishini eqeqeshiwe evumela inguquko kubuchwepheshe bazo be-robotic.
Izimboni zidinga intuthuko kubuchwepheshe berobhothi ukuze zibuyekeze izinqubo zazo zangaphakathi. Lokhu ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu, ukunciphisa izindleko nokuvuselela imikhiqizo yabo. Yingakho bexhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi abo obuchwepheshe berobhothi emanyuvesi nasezikhungweni zocwaningo. Zombili izinhlangothi ziyahlomula, amanyuvesi athola izimali kanye nezimboni ezithola imiphumela yocwaningo olwenziwe.
Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yentuthuko ngayinye yendawo ngayinye ebandakanya ubuchwepheshe berobhothi. Isibonelo, ekubuyekezeni ama-microprocessors kanye nezingxenye ze-electronic, izilimi zokuhlela, izinto zokwakha kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla okuyingxenye ebalulekile yalobu buchwepheshe.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi budinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu futhi imiphumela yezifundo ithatha iminyaka. Kodwa, womabili amanyuvesi nezimboni ziyaqonda ukuthi uma ubuchwepheshe obusha sebubekiwe, ukutshalwa kwezimali kutholwa ngesikhathi esincane, futhi izinzuzo zakhona zihlala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinkampani ezihamba phambili kubuchwepheshe be-robotics
Ezinye zezinkampani ezisebenza kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe berobhothi ngokobuhlakani bokwenziwa zivela eJapan izinkampani iKawasaki Heavy Industries, Yaskawa kanye neFanu; evela eSwitzerland inkampani i-ABB; evela eJalimane inkampani i-KUKA, ukubala abambalwa. Izinkampani ezibalulekile zezokuphepha nezokuvikela kanye nama-ejensi asebenza ngezindiza zasemkhathini nazo ziyagqama. Kanye nezinkampani ezigxile kumishini yomuntu siqu kagesi efana neDyson (England), kanye neSamsung (South Korea).
I-Drones: ubuchwepheshe be-robotic
Ubudlelwano obuseduze obukhona phakathi kobuchwepheshe berobhothi ne-inthanethi abunakuphikwa. Futhi lobu budlelwano buye benza izinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Google, Facebook, Amazon, Alibaba nezinye zifake lobu buchwepheshe, njengokusetshenziswa kwe-Drones ukuthumela imikhiqizo yabo. Yebo, ama-drones nawo ayingxenye yobuchwepheshe be-robotic.
Ama-drones ubuchwepheshe be-robotic obukwazi ukundiza ngaphandle kwezisebenzi. Zinezinzwa ezihlukahlukene namadivayisi akusiza ekuzulazuleni kwakho. Bane-GPS ye-geolocation, amakhamera anoxhumo olungenantambo, izinti ze-GSM nokuxhumeka kwe-WiFi, phakathi kwezinye izinzwa ngokuya ngohlelo lwazo. Zisetshenziswa i-opharetha eyirimothi ene-remote control, noma, kuye ngokuthi i-drone ithuthuke kangakanani, ingasebenzisa i-autopilot yayo ilandela izixhumanisi ezibonisiwe.
Aplicaciones
I-Drones ubuchwepheshe be-robotic obusetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla. Kwezolimo, isibonelo, kuyasiza kakhulu, ngoba bavumela ukuvuna ukuba kubonwe kanye nolwazi oluhlobene nezimo zomhlabathi okufanele zitholakale, kusukela ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali kuya ku-topology yayo. Eqinisweni, ama-drones asetshenziselwe ukuthungula emasimini.
Kuthunyelwe ama-drones emakethe yezinhlanzi ukuze kutholakale izikole zezinhlanzi. Lokhu kusho ukwehla okukhulu kwesikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kutholwe lezi zikole, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zikaphethiloli obalulekile.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi kuma-drones buye basetshenziswa ezindizeni zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu lapho ohambweni lusengozini enkulu kakhulu ukuthi lungenziwa ngumuntu. Basebenzele ukuhlola nobunhloli, ezokuthutha impahla, kanye nokufeza inhloso kulezi mishini.
I-Intellectual Property ye-Robotics Technology
Ukukhula kobuchwepheshe be-robotics kusho ukuthi kungenye i-protagonist ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe be-robotics. Nakuba lokhu ngokungangabazeki kusho inzuzo ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, futhi kubangele izingxabano mayelana nempahla yengqondo.
Izinkampani ezibamba iqhaza ekuxhaseni ngezimali noma ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe berobhothi ziya ngokuya zithola intuthuko ebalulekile esungula izisekelo zolunye uphenyo. Yingakho izinkampani seziqala ukugxila ekuvikeleni impahla yazo yengqondo ngokufaka izicelo zelungelo lobunikazi ukuze zivikele izintshisekelo zazo.
Futhi, eshukunyiswa iqiniso lokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izimboni eziningi zihlanganiswa ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-robotic futhi okukhethekile okwengeziwe noma iziyalo ezivela kukho, khona-ke sekuvame kakhulu ukufaka isicelo samalungelo obunikazi ahlaselayo nokuzivikela ukuze kuvikelwe impahla yengqondo.
Izinzuzo zamalungelo obunikazi
Izinhloso zokufaka isicelo salawa malungelo obunikazi ukuvikela ubuhlakani bakho, ukubuyiswa kokutshalwa kwezimali, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuzibeka njengenzuzo mayelana nezinye izinkampani.
Ngokunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwamalungelo obunikazi kuzuzise izinkampani ezincane ezithuthukise intuthuko ethile kubuchwepheshe berobhothi. Ngokuba nelungelo lobunikazi elivikela ukusungulwa kwazo, izinkampani ezinkulu azikwazi ukwenza lutho ngaphandle kokunikeza izimali ezifunwa ngabancane.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungelo obunikazi endaweni yobuchwepheshe berobhothi bekulokhu kusemakethe kusukela ngeminyaka yama-80s (2010s), lapho imboni ihlanganisa izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo emigqeni yayo yokukhiqiza. Futhi-ke, kusukela ngo-XNUMX, izicelo zelungelo lobunikazi zanda futhi lapho kwenziwa intuthuko entsha kubuchwepheshe berobhothi.
Abafakizicelo abakhulu bamalungelo obunikazi endaweni yobuchwepheshe berobhothi yizimboni zezimoto nezinkampani ze-electronics. Nakuba amalungelo obunikazi ayinhloko aphethwe amarobhothi kungewamanyuvesi nezikhungo zikahulumeni, ngakho izinkampani ezizimele nezimboni kufanele zigcine ubudlelwano bazo obuseduze nazo.
Eqinisweni, kungenxa yalobu budlelwano obuseduze phakathi kwezimboni namanyuvesi ukuthi intuthuko yobuchwepheshe berobhothi isengenzeka. Ngeke kube nekhefu phakathi kwalokhu okubili ngaphandle kokuthikameze ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi esikhathini esizayo
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bukhona ezimpilweni zethu. Noma ngabe sikuphi singangena kubuchwepheshe berobhothi. Manje, ngemva kokuchaza ngokuningiliziwe imvelaphi yobuchwepheshe berobhothi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo, izinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, siqhubeka nokubhekana nendlela le sayensi engaba khona ngayo ezimpilweni zethu nokuthi abantu bakwazi kanjani ukuxhumana nabo.
Phakathi kwentuthuko ebonwe ochwepheshe bobuchwepheshe berobhothi ukusebenza ngezinto ezithambile. Lolu hlobo lwezinto lwaluzobavumela ukuthi basungule eminye imikhakha ukuze kuzuze abantu. Lolu hlobo lwamarobhothi athambile lucatshangelwa kokubili umkhakha wezokwelapha kanye nemboni yendwangu.
Inhloso yawo wukuvuna imikhakha esengozini kakhulu njengabantu abanesifo esingalapheki, abakhubazekile, asebekhulile. Inhloso yakhe ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe obuthambile uma sebufakwe noma busetshenziswa, buthuthukisa izinga lempilo yalaba bantu. Ake sibone ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
izikhumba ezihlakaniphile
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi buphumelele ukuklama ingxenye yerobhothi ngezinto eziguquguqukayo noma ezithambile. Ikhwalithi yalobu buchwepheshe ivumela ukusungulwa kobudlelwane phakathi kwalesi sici esithambile kanye nezicubu zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezithambile zobuchwepheshe berobhothi kanye nezicubu ezithambile zebhayoloji zohlobo lwabantu kuye kwavumela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ukuthi kuphephe kakhulu kunaphakathi kwento eqinile nenye emhlophe. Yile ndlela ubudlelwano obuthambile obuthambile obuvela ngayo.
Izazi zobuchwepheshe berobhothi zichithe isikhathi esiningi nemali ukuze zithuthukise lolu hlobo lwezinto ezihlakaniphile ezingathintana ngqo nesikhumba somuntu, okuhlanganisa nokuxhunywa kukagesi. Okunye okuqanjwe kabusha kwakhe kube ukufakwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kulezi zinto ezithambile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalobu buchwepheshe berobhothi kuzoletha izinzuzo zokukhiqiza amabhandeshi emithi ehlakaniphile, okuzovumela izilonda ezibonise ukumelana okuthile ukuze zelashwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukusabalala kwamagciwane ngokushesha. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuthi lawa magciwane anezimpawu zokungazweli kwamagciwane futhi ngenxa yalokho amelana nemiphumela yemithi elwa namagciwane. Yilapho ubuchwepheshe be-robotic obuzongena khona ukuze bufeze indima yabo njengesikhumba esihlakaniphile.
Izikhumba ezihlakaniphile nazo zenzelwe inkundla yendwangu. Nokho, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuba isikhumba sesibili samukelwe emphakathini njengengxenye yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke.
Phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuye kwahlolwa emkhakheni wendwangu kungenzeka ukuthi kuklanywe amakhoyili enayiloni futhi kuhlanganiswe inhlanganisela ye-polymer alloy equkethe uhlobo lwenkumbulo, olungavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwezingubo ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo, imiklamo noma izingubo.
Lolu hlobo lwegumbi lokushintshela lunganikeza umsebenzisi imisebenzi ethile ethuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo. Ingakunikeza ukufudumala ngenkathi yasebusika noma ngokuphambene nalokho.
idivayisi yokusiza
Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe be-robotic, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemikhakha yezenhlalakahle esengozini kakhulu nayo iye yacatshangelwa. Lapha kwakungena abakhubazekile, izalukazi, kanye nabantu abaphethwe ukugula.
Ososayensi bezobuchwepheshe berobhothi bebefunda ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuklama, ukuthuthukisa noma ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezingasiza abantu abakhubazekile, abakhubazekile noma asebekhulile ukuba babuyisele ukuhamba.
Uma sibhekisela ekutheni kungenzeka yini ukubuyisela ukuhamba kulaba bantu, sibhekisela ekutheni kungenzeka kube nomthelela eqophelweni lempilo lale mikhakha yezenhlalakahle esengozini.
Ngalo mqondo, ngokwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwalesi sibalo esikhulu sabantu, abaningi babo bazokwazi ukungena emikhakheni yokukhiqiza futhi. Lo mthelela ngeke ube nje kuphela ukuthuthukiswa komnotho womuntu, kodwa futhi izinga lempilo yezenhlalakahle, ngoba bekuzomvumela ukuthi axhumane nabanye ontanga. Ingxenye yezengqondo iyengezwa, ngoba bangazizwa bewusizo, bekhiqiza futhi bekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ukuze bazuze bona nomndeni wabo.
Enye inzuzo ukuthi le miklamo ehlakaniphile ingaba nayo ukuthi inikeza ithuba lokuba nokuxhumana okuqondile nesikhumba. Ngamanye amazwi, ngenxa yezinqubo zabo ezihlakaniphile bazoxhumana nesikhumba. Ngokusungula ubuhlobo phakathi kwalezi zingxenye kanye nesikhumba, kungase kube khona ukugqugquzela okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwazo. Ngalo mqondo, kungaqinisekiswa ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi kuzoba khona indlela yokuxhumana ethintekayo phakathi kwezingubo kanye nanoma ubani ogqoke izingubo.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imiklamo noma izingubo zokugqoka eziqukethe izingxenye ezihlakaniphile ezithintekayo zingakhiqiza izinhlobo ezithile zemizwa yothando lwemvelo lapho uthintwa. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu abagqoke lezi zindlu zokushintshela bazokwazi ukuba nomgudu wokuxhumana. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zayo kungaba ukuthi ogqokile ingubo angakwazi ukuxhumana nezingubo zakhe ukuze anelise ezinye izidingo zothando lwemvelo ezifana nokuphulula, ukukitaza, phakathi kokunye. Inhloso yawo ukunikeza umuntu imizwa emnandi yokuthinta kumuntu.
Dispositivo medico
Kusukela ebuhlotsheni obuphakathi kobuchwepheshe be-robotic obuthambile kanye nezicubu zezinto eziphilayo, kungenzeka ukucabanga ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu, amadivaysi avumela ukusebenzisana ngokomzimba nezakhiwo zangaphakathi angatshalwa ohlotsheni lwabantu.
Umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi ngokucaciswa kwalezi zisetshenziswa ezihlakaniphile zingatshalwa ezakhiweni zangaphakathi nethuba lokubuyisela imisebenzi yalezo zitho noma izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezilimele noma ezigulayo. Lokhu kungasho ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yesiguli ngisho nokwandisa ukuphila kwaso.
Esinye isibonelo ukuthi singacabanga ngomuntu ophethwe uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza. Imvamisa, lezi ziguli kumele zidlule ohlelweni lokukhipha isitho esihlaselwe yilesi sifo. Ngokufaka lawa madivaysi ahlakaniphile, kuhloswe ukuthi lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe berobhothi lukwazi ukubuyisela noma esikhundleni sokusebenza kwaleso sitho. Ngakho-ke, isiguli sizokwazi ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yabo.
Njengamanje lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe berobhothi obuthambile buthuthuka ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwabo emkhakheni wezokwelashwa kuzotholakala phakathi kweminyaka eyishumi neshumi nanhlanu.
i-biodegradable robotic technology
Njengamanje, njengoba kubonakala, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic buye baklanywa ngezinto eziqinile. Lawa marobhothi anesikhathi sokuphila esiwusizo, ngalo mqondo kufanele ashintshwe ngesikhathi esithile. Izingxenye zayo azikwazi ukubola, ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zizomela umonakalo emvelweni.
Kochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe berobhothi lokhu kumelela inselele. Umqondo wososayensi ukuklama ubuchwepheshe be-robotic ngezinto ezibolayo. Inzuzo yokwenza izingxenye ezinalezi zici ukucabanga ukuthi lapho amarobhothi efinyelela ukuphila kwawo konke, impahla yawo noma izingxenye zingasetshenziswa kabusha.
Umbono wukuthi zonke izinto eziklanywe ngazo lawa madivaysi ahlakaniphile zingabuyiswa, ziguqulwe futhi zicutshungulwe ukuze kuklanywe izingxenye ezintsha. Lokhu kuzonciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokusebenzisa amarobhothi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubaluleka kwerobhothi elibolayo ukuthi akufanele siphinde sikhathazeke ngemfucuza engase ishiywe irobhothi. Njengoba, zizobe seziklanywe ngokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezingxenye zayo engqondweni.
Amarobhothi athambile angaboli, ngaphezu kokuthi kufanele aphephe endaweni ezungezile, izinto zawo ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zonakaliswe ngaphandle kokuthinta imvelo. Ngamanye amazwi, amarobhothi angaklanywa ukuthi aphile, afe futhi akwazi ukunyamalala ngesikhathi esifushane emvelweni.
Iziphetho
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi yisayensi ephethe ucwaningo, ukuklama, ukuthuthukiswa nokwakhiwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamarobhothi.
Ngokufanayo, ubuchwepheshe be-robotic bunikeze izixazululo ezisebenzayo ezindaweni ezahlukene ezifana nemithi, imboni, i-electronics, ezolimo, amahlathi, amasosha, izimoto, ekusizeni abantu abahlobene nemikhakha esengozini njengabakhubazekile, abantu abanezimo zezempilo, abantu abadala asebekhulile, phakathi kwabanye. .
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi bunikeza njengenye inzuzo, ukwenziwa kahle kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa isikhathi emgqeni wokukhiqiza, ukunciphisa izindleko nokwandisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, elinye lamalungelo obuchwepheshe berobhothi ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu kubantu, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa izingozi zomsebenzi kubasebenzi, noma ukufunda indawo enezimo ezimbi kakhulu njengokuhlola amanye amaplanethi. .
Ngokufanayo, kuye kwabhekwa njengenzuzo ngezingane ukusebenzisana nobuchwepheshe berobhothi, njengoba lokhu kuzivumela ukuba zithuthukise amakhono azo okucabanga ngendlela enengqondo. Ngalo mqondo, bazokwazi ukusungula ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinzwa namamotho. Ngakho-ke, kuyindlela yezinsana zokukhuthaza ukucabanga okuguquguqukayo nokudonsela phansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bebezosuka kokuthile baye kulo lonke futhi besuka kulo lonke baye kokuthile.
Ngenxa yokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe berobhothi, kube nokukhula okuphawulekayo emikhakheni eminingi ehlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe. Futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukubamba iqhaza okube nakho imboni kulokhu kuguquguquka. Kuyacaca ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe, ngokuhlomulisa amanyuvesi nezimboni, buye bazuzisa abantu bomhlaba ngomkhiqizo wale ntuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.
Ngeke kusenzeka ukuthi abantu benze imisebenzi yezinga lezimboni ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe berobhothi. Akusenakwenzeka ukusekela umhlaba njengoba siwazi ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe berobhothi.