Isiko laseJapane liye lazuza izinhliziyo zomhlaba hhayi kuphela ngenxa yamasiko asendulo, kodwa futhi nekhono lalo lokudala izitayela ezingenakuvinjelwa. Phakathi kwazo, isenzakalo se-kawaii kanye nomthelela wayo endleleni esibona ngayo izilwane zaseJapane nokumelwa kwazo kwezobuciko beqe imingcele. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola indawo yonke ye-kawaii nezilwane zaseJapane: Uzothola ukuthi leli gama lavela kanjani, ukuthi izimpande zalo ziyini isiko elidumile nokuthi libuguqule kanjani ubuciko besimanje, imfashini, impilo yansuku zonke futhi, kunjalo, indlela esihlobana ngayo nezilwane nezimpawu zazo.
Kusukela ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe- isitayela "esithandekayo". wazalelwa eJapan kwaze kwaba yilapho enqoba imakethe yomhlaba wonke kanye nesiko le-pop, intelezi ye isilwane I-Kawaii iwuhambo oluhehayoZilungiselele ngoba lapha sizobheka yonke imininingwane eyenze i-kawaii nezilwane zasendle zase-Japan zaba inkomba eyingqayizivele yamasiko... futhi ngokujula okungaphezu kokubonwa ngamehlo.
Incazelo kanye nemvelaphi yomqondo we-Kawaii
Kubalandeli abaningi be-anime noma be-manga, igama kawaii Sekuvele kuyingxenye yesilulumagama sabo, kodwa empeleni kungaphezulu kakhulu kwesichasiso sezinto "ezinhle" noma "ezithenda". Igama, elivela ezixubeni zasendulo ze-kanji okusho ukuthi "ukwazi ukuthandwa," ekuqaleni lalisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ububele bezingane noma izilwane, futhi ngokuhamba kweminyaka. yavela yaba uphawu lukazwelonke lwaseJapan kanye nefilosofi yempilo.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970, futhi ikakhulukazi ngemva kwenkathi yangemva kwempi, isenzakalo se-kawaii savela njengendlela yokubonisa intsha eyayifuna ukuziqhelelanisa nokuqina kwamasiko endabuko. imiboniso yokuqala Ukuthuthukiswa kukaKawaii akuzange kubonwe emfashini noma kwabezindaba, kodwa ekilasini, lapho abafundi beqala ukudala izitayela zokubhala eziyindilinga nezekhathuni ezincwadini zabo zokubhalela. Lokhu kwasakazekela kumfashini, ukuklama, umculo, nobuhle bemikhiqizo yabathengi, okwenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke eJapane futhi, kamuva, nomhlaba wonke.
I-Cult of Adorableness: Umlando kanye Nenguquko Emphakathini WaseJapane
Ekuqaleni kwayo, kude nokuthengisa, isiko le-kawaii laliyi- impendulo ehlubukayo yentsha eyayifuna ukuqhela ekuqineni nasekuziphatheni ngendlela ehlelekile, izama ukubhala ngemibala yaseNtshonalanga, imidwebo yezinhliziyo nezinkanyezi, nezinhlamvu eziyindilinga ezibizwa ngokuthi. ikhone-ji (ukubhala ikati) noma marui-ji (ukubhala nxazonke). Iziphathimandla zesikole zazama ukunqanda lo mkhuba, kodwa wagcina usubhebhetheka futhi wazuza indawo yawo.
Izinkampani zokubhala kanye nemikhiqizo yezingane ngokushesha Bahlonze ikhono le-kawaii, ukuhlanganisa ezincwadini, amakhadi, nabahleli abanezinhlamvu ezikhangayo nemibala ephaphathekile. Phakathi neminyaka yawo-80 no-90, lesi simo saqhuma ekukhangiseni, ekupakisheni, ngisho nasekuthayipheni emithonjeni yezindaba yaseJapane. Yonke into yayigezwa ngobumnandi nobumnandi.
Lesi sitayela, esibonakala ngokuthi ubumnene, ubuncane kanye nokuba sengozini, yamukelwa abantu abakhulu bomphakathi, ikakhulukazi "Ama-Idols," abaculi nabalingisi abancane kakhulu ababa isibuko sezigidi zentsha, bebeka izitayela zemfashini nokuziphatha.
I-Sanrio, i-Hello Kitty kanye nokuqhuma kwezinhlamvu ze-kawaii
Uma kukhona igama elingehlukaniseki endaweni yonke ye-kawaii kuba I-Sanrio. Le nkampani, eyasungulwa ngeminyaka yawo-70s, yaba yingqalabutho ekusunguleni imikhiqizo ehlotshiswe ngezinhlamvu ezinhle nezibukeka ziphuphile. Ngokushesha, ukufika kwe Sawubona Kitty nabangane bakhe (abanjengoChococat, My Melody noma uKeroppi) benza izinguquko embonini: izinto zokubhala, amathoyizi, inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu kanye nezimpahla zokugqoka zaba yimpumelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwaseJapane ngenxa yabo. design minimalist nemibala ethambile.
Izinhlamvu ze-Sanrio zabelana ngezici ezithile: zincane, azinabulili, zinemilenze emifushane namakhanda amakhulu, okuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwazo okuntekenteke nokuthandeka. Ukuduma emhlabeni wonke kuka-Hello Kitty ivumele umkhiqizo ukuthi ukhule ube amapaki etimu, izindawo zokudlela kanye nokusebenzisana nezinkampani ezinkulu, okwenza lo mkhuba ube yindawo umbuso wezohwebo oyiqiniso futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, a uphawu lobunikazi baseJapane.
I-Kawaii aesthetics kumfashini nesiko le-otaku
El isitayela se-kawaii Yazalwa njengesitatimende sobusha, kodwa ngokushesha yaguqulwa yaba ithonya elingenakuvinjelwa ku- Imfashini yaseJapaneIminyaka yawo-80 yabona ukwanda kwezitayela ezifana nama-tight anephethini, umfaniswano wesikole wesitayela samatilosi, izingubo ezimfishane, kanye nezinsiza zepulasitiki ezimibalabala. Indawo yase-Harajuku yaba isizinda semfashini ehlukile yase-Japan, ithumela isitayela emazweni aseNtshonalanga kanye nesiko le-pop lamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuba khona kwe-kawaii kuye kwanda emhlabeni jikelele otaku: ama-manga nama-anime agcwele abalingisi abanamehlo amakhulu, imilomo emincane, nezibalo eziyindingilizi. Imigomo efana chibi (abalingiswa abancane, abanamakhanda amakhulu), super deformed (ngezilinganiso ezeqile ukuze kugcizelele ubuhle) noma moe (ukutusa okungokomzwelo kwabalingisi benganekwane) kuyingxenye yesilulumagama esivamile sabalandeli baseJapane. Uchungechunge olunjengoDoraemon, Pokémon, Hamtaro, Sailor Moon, kanye neCardcaptor Sakura baqinise lobu buhle emhlabeni jikelele.
Izilwane zesiko laseJapane: izinganekwane, izimpawu nobuciko
kitsune
Ukuthakasela kwamaJapane ngezilwane kuyinganekwane. Kusukela ezidalwa kumnandi like the kitsune (izimpungushe zomlingo uphawu lobuhlakani nokuvikelwa), ezilwaneni zangempela njenge i-crane (tsuru, uphawu lokuphila isikhathi eside kanye nenhlanhla), the i-tanuki (i-raccoon yaseJapane edlalayo nephumelelayo), i i-koi carp (amandla nempumelelo) noma isithonjana maneki neko (ikati elinenhlanhla), sithola ukuxhumana okujulile phakathi kwezilwane namasiko aseJapane.
Ubuciko base-Japan bendabuko nesimanje abuvezi nje kuphela njengabalingiswa kodwa futhi buguqula izici zabo zibe izingathekiso ezibonakalayo zamagugu aziswa emphakathini: ukubekezela, ukubekezela, ukuzwana, noma ukuvikela. Umphumela ube ukufakwa kwalokhu Izilwane ezindabeni, izinganekwane, imikhosi, izingadi ngisho nezakhiwo, kanye nokuba khona kwazo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke—ngokwesibonelo, Akita Inu njengababheki abathembekile noma ukuhlonishwa kwezimfudu njengophawu lokuhlakanipha nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ubuciko besimanje kanye negagasi le-kawaii lamazwe ngamazwe
takashi murakami
Ngenhlanganisela yayo engenakuvinjelwa yobumsulwa ne-nostalgia, i kawaii art unqobile umhlaba wanamuhla. Abaculi abanjengo takashi murakami (umdali we-Superflat movement), Yoshitomo Nara, Javier Calleja, Chiho Aoshima o Sebastian Masuda Bahlanganise ubuhle bezinhlamvu ezithandekayo nemibala eqinile hhayi emidwebeni naseziqoshweni kuphela, kodwa nasekufakweni, imfashini, nokusebenzisana nemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe. Imisebenzi yabo, ngokuvamile ebonisa izilwane ezivezwe ngokombono we-kawaii, idlule imibukiso ukuze ibe izenzakalo zamasiko zomhlaba wonke.
Impumelelo yomhlaba wonke yalaba badali ikhombisa ukuthi ubumnene kanye ne-kawaii charm Seziphenduke ikhodi ebonakalayo yesiko le-pop, ezithonya umbono waseNtshonalanga ngeJapane futhi ziguqule imakethe ngokwayo. ubuciko besimanje nemfashini.
I-Kawaii empilweni yansuku zonke: umhlobiso, imikhiqizo nokudla
Isitayela se-kawaii asikaze sihlale emafasiteleni ezitolo noma emakhasini we-manga: sihlanganise izimpilo zethu zansuku zonke. Kusukela zokubhala kanye nomhlobiso ekhaya nge motifs izilwane kanye smiling lezinto, kuze kusungulwe the ukudla kwe-kawaii: abadumile bento Amabhokisi e-Japanese ethulwa njengezilwane noma abalingiswa abagqwayizayo abenziwe ngerayisi, imifino, nenhlanzi, okuyimisebenzi yobuciko edliwayo eyiqiniso. Inkundla yezokuxhumana iqhubekisele phambili lo mkhuba, ikhombisa izinkulungwane zezibonelo zezethulo zangempela nezindlela zokupheka ezincane ezigqugquzelwe indawo yonke yase-Japan ethandekayo.
Yebo, izinto zokubhala, amathoyizi, izesekeli zemfashini, ngisho nemikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe yamukele ubuhle be-kawaii, ifinyelela kuzo zonke izethameli neminyaka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ipeni elimise okwe-panda, inkomishi enamadlebe ekati, noma ithoyizi eliwubukhazikhazi lohlamvu lwakamuva lwegciwane: I-Kawaii ukumaketha okungokomzwelo okumsulwa…futhi kunenzuzo enkulu embonini.
I-Psychology, umthelela womphakathi, kanye nezingxabano ze-kawaii phenomenon
Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi umphumela ongokwengqondo we-kawaii idlula ukuthamba okulula: Ukuthintana kwayo kudala imizwa yokuzola, injabulo kanye nesifiso sobuntwana, ngezinzuzo ezifakazelwe ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka nokwandisa umkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiza ukudala indawo yokudlala futhi uphule i-monotony yokuphila kwansuku zonke, kokubili e-Japan nakunoma yiliphi ikhona leplanethi lapho lobu buhle buqale khona.
Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sibuye sagxeka. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kungenzeka ukugqugquzela ukukhuliswa kwezingane kwabantu abadala, ukudlulisa amaphethini okuhambisa, ubumsulwa, nokuncika, ikakhulukazi esimeni sowesifazane. Okungezwe kulokhu yinkulumompikiswano yezemvelo mayelana nokusetshenziswa okuningi kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki kanye nemfashini yesikhashana ehlobene ne-kawaii boom.
Emkhakheni wezenhlalo, isiko le-kawaii liye lasebenza ekwenzeni abesifazane abaningi baseJapane abasebasha ukubambezeleka noma inselele ezinkambisweni zendabuko, kodwa iyaqhubeka iqhubekisela phambili izindinganiso ezinjengokuba mncane, isikhumba esikhanyayo, nokuzithoba njengemibono yabesifazane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivumele amadoda ukuthi adlale ngemfashini nobuhle ngaphandle kwemingcele yobudoda bendabuko baseJapane.
I-Kawaii njengethuluzi lesifundazwe kanye nokwanda komhlaba jikelele
Uhulumeni waseJapane ngokwawo uye wabona amandla e-kawaii njenge ithuluzi likamazisi wenxusa kanye kazwelonke. Kusukela ngo-2009 kube namanxusa asemthethweni emfashini ye-kawaii, futhi izwe lisebenzisa abalingiswa nama-mascots (yuru-kyara) emikhankasweni yesikhungo, yezokuvakasha, noma yobumbano kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe (njengangemuva kwe-tsunami nenhlekelele yenuzi yango-2011). Lo mkhuba uyingxenye yalokho okuye kwabizwa "I-Japan Epholile": ukuqagela kwamazwe ngamazwe kwesiko le-pop, i-manga, i-anime kanye nesithombe sesimanje nesimibalabala sase-Japan.
