Ukubaluleka Kwezihlahla
Igama elithi umuthi livela kwelesiLatini Arbor futhi ihambisana nesitshalo esinesiqu sokhuni kanye nama-ramifications athile asinika ukuphakama okukhulu. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla, okumele zihlukaniswe kulawa maqembu kumele zihlangabezane nalezi zici ezilandelayo: zibe nezimpande, zibe nobude obucishe zibe ngamamitha amabili noma ayisithupha, zibe nomqhele onamagatsha kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zamaqabunga ezingaveza izimbali nezithelo. .
Bangaphila izinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi babe nokuphakama okukhulu okungamamitha ayikhulu, babhekwa njengezitshalo ezimangalisayo, bayakwazi ukukhula kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-ecosystem, bazivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene ezinganikezwa, ezihlukahlukene ngezinhlobo, amakilasi , imindeni. enikeza ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezwe.
Zibaluleke kakhulu endaweni yemvelo. Futhi banesibopho sokukhiqiza umoya-mpilo esiwuphefumulayo, othathwa njengenqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-biochemical yaso sonke isintu. Banegalelo ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide, ukuvimbela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, nokuvikela inhlabathi ngamahlamvu awo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bamele isithombe esibaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umphakathi wamasiko nobuciko, njengoba banesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngobuhle emvelweni, besebenzisana nogqozi lwamaciko amaningi ukuze bakhe kabusha izinguqulo ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni wamasiko. Ziphinde zivelele emkhakheni wezolimo ngokukhiqiza izithelo nobuhle obukhulu, ziphinde zinikeze enye yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibalulekile emphakathini: ukhuni.
Ake sifunde ngokuningiliziwe izici eziyinhloko zezihlahla:
Banikeza umoya-mpilo emkhathini
Ukubaluleka okuyinhloko kwezihlahla kutholakala ebukhoneni be-chlorophyll, evumela ukuthi kwenziwe enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-biochemical eyaziwa ngokuthi i-photosynthesis, enesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngenani elikhulu kakhulu lomoya-mpilo. Le nqubo yenziwa ngokumunca i-carbon dioxide emkhathini, ecutshungulwa ngaphakathi kwesitshalo kanye nokusebenzisana namanzi ahanjiswa ubisi olwalumuncwa izimpande, ekugcineni lukhiphe umoya-mpilo odingekayo, luguqule izinto ezingaphili zibe izinto eziphilayo.
Inqubo ye-photosynthesis ibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokuphila emhlabeni, iyadingeka kubo bonke abantu, izilwane ngisho nezinye izitshalo eziyisebenzisela izinqubo zabo zamakhemikhali. Kanye ne-algae, yizona ezandulela ezinkulu zomoya-mpilo emhlabeni, ngoba zinesibopho sokulungisa i-carbon dioxide emangqamuzaneni awo futhi ngaleyo ndlela ziqale inqubo ye-biochemical. Lokhu kungabhekwa njengelinye lamaqiniso abaluleke kakhulu ngezihlahla ngoba zibhekwa njengamaphaphu omhlaba, ezinikeza umoya-mpilo oyigugu esintwini.
Phakathi nenqubo ye-photosynthesis, akukhiqizi umoya-mpilo kuphela kodwa futhi nenani eliphansi kakhulu lesikhutha noshukela. Ngokuya ngeminyaka yesihlahla, izinga eliphezulu lephesenti le-carbon dioxide fixation liyoba. Lapho izihlahla zisezincane, izinga le-carbon fixation liyancipha, ngakho-ke, zibonakala ngokuba yizinki zekhabhoni ezisiza ukukhula kwazo; Endabeni yezihlahla ezinkulu, izinga lazo lokulungisa liphakeme, likhiqiza ibhalansi engathathi hlangothi kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-oxygen.
I-photosynthesis ingathinteka yizimo lapho isihlahla sitholakala khona; Uma inamaqabunga omile noma awonakele kakhulu, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukwenza le nqubo, kuqokomisa kulokhu ukuphathwa kabi kwezihlahla lapho kusetshenziswa ama-herbicides ngoba ukweqisa kungaba yingozi esitshalweni; Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukugcina ukunakekelwa okuqinile kwezinambuzane, ukuqoqwa kothuli noma amanzi akhona kuzo. Uma ungazinakekeli izimo zaso, lesi sitshalo ngeke senze i-photosynthesis ngakho-ke ngeke sikhiphe umoya-mpilo odingekayo.
Izihlahla Zilwa Nokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu
Kukhona ukunqwabelana okuphawulekayo kwamagesi emkhathini, konke okubangela ukuba isimo sezulu siguquke kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukugqamisa ukuthi kunomthelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zezulu emhlabeni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugcwala kwamagesi kuyanda ngokuqhubekayo, kube nomthelela omubi ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu; Abantu babambe iqhaza elibalulekile ezinguqukweni ezakhiwe emhlabeni kusukela ekuqaleni kwenguquko yezimboni.
Izihlahla ziyakwazi ukumunca i-carbon dioxide emkhathini, ngaleyo ndlela zivumele umoya ukuba uhlanzwe amagesi ayingozi emvelweni nempilo, okugqamisa kulokhu ukuthi kukhona uhlobo oluthile olusebenzisana ngokuyinhloko ukubuyisela lesi sici, eyaziwa ngokuthi isihlahla. yokuphila, ziwuhlobo lwesihlahla esikwazi ukujwayela noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi, sikhula ngokushesha futhi kulula ukukhula.
Isici sawo esiyinhloko ukuthi imelana nomlilo ngoba izimpande zayo zingakwazi ukuvuselela kalula; Inqubo yokuvuselela kwayo ingamunca isikhutha esiphindwe kashumi kunezinye izihlahla. Kubhekwa njengebhomu le-oxygen, ngoba linikeza umthamo omkhulu we-O2 weplanethi.
Isihlahla sokuphila sithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, siyingxenye yezinganekwane ezimbalwa ezisibheka njengesihlahla esingcwele. Imele kakhulu emikhakheni yezenkolo neyefilosofi, imele uphawu olukhulu oluhlanganisa amandla kanye ne-positivism. Ukuthandwa kwayo kubangelwa izimpande zayo ezijulile, ezimelela ukuzalwa, ukuphila ekugqineni kwesiqu, namagatsha, amele izimpambano zokuphila konke, ngaphezu kwawo wonke umoya-mpilo ojikeleza kulo lonke uhlelo lwawo.
Izihlahla nezitshalo kusondla ngezithelo zazo
Phakathi kweminye yemikhiqizo eyinhloko engaqokonyiswa ezihlahleni izimbali nezithelo ezidliwayo, phakathi kwazo izinhlobo ezinjengezihlahla zamawolintshi, izihlahla ze-hazelnut, izihlahla ze-strawberry, phakathi kwezinye. Zibhekwa njengezilungele ukutshalwa ezindaweni ezivaliwe njengezingadi namasimu ezithelo, lezi zinhlobo zezihlahla zikuvumela ukuba uzivunele ukudla kwakho, kodwa zihlobene ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu kanye nohlobo lwenhlabathi. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo ukuze zigqanyiswe:
- Izihlahla zezithelo esimweni sezulu esibanda kakhulu: i-hazel, i-apula, i-pear, i-blueberry
- Izihlahla zezithelo ezindaweni ezipholile: umnqumo, u-chestnut, umkhiwane
- Izihlahla zezithelo esimweni sezulu esishisayo: ukwatapheya, umango, ugwava
- Izihlahla zezithelo endaweni yesithwathwa esithambile: i-mandarin, i-orange, i-medlar
Vimbela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi
Okunye okubalulekile kwezihlahla ukuvikela ukuguguleka komhlabathi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuguguleka kubhekana nokuwohloka kwenhlabathi, konke lokhu kudalwa wukuchayeka ngokweqile kwenhlabathi esimweni sezulu esinjengamanzi nomoya, ukukhiqiza umhlabathi owomile futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezitshalo, ukunciphisa ukuvunda okubangela ukulahleka kwamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo.
Izihlahla zinesibopho sokugcina umswakama wenhlabathi, konke lokhu ngezimpande zazo ezinesibopho sokungena ngokujulile kuzo, ngokuqhubekayo zondle inhlabathi futhi zinciphise amathuba okuthi izakhi (umoya nemvula) zingathinta umhlabathi, kuze kube sezingeni lokuwushiya ngaphandle. ukuphila konke. Izihlahla azidingi inhlabathi evundile kakhulu (ngaphandle kwezihlahla zezithelo), kudingekile kuphela ukubanika indawo edingekayo yokukhula nokwandisa.
Enye indlela yokulondoloza inhlabathi iwukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni lapho ukuguguleka kungapheli khona, njengemithambeka noma izindawo ezivulekile ezichayeka elangeni nomoya. Ukutshala izihlahla kanye/noma izimbali kuzokhuthaza ukukhula kwezihlahla futhi kube nomthelela endaweni yonke.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesembozo sesitshalo esivikela umhlabathi ekuchayekeni emoyeni, elangeni, emvuleni; ukuvimbela ukuthi bangathinteki ngokuqondile noma bahudule imisoco embalwa etholakala emhlabathini. Ngenxa yokugawulwa kwezihlahla ngokweqile, izindawo eziningi ziye zachayeka ezimweni zezulu ezihlukene, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zilahlekelwe yizinto ezibalulekile futhi zibe yinyumba ngokuphelele, lapha kulele ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezihlahla nokongiwa kwazo.
Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwezihlahla nezitshalo
Izihlahla zimelela ukuphila nokuthula, yingakho abantu abaningi befuna ukuba nazo futhi ngaleyo ndlela bahlanganyele amandla abawadluliselayo ngaphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa ezinganikezwa; Izihlahla zibaluleke kakhulu emphakathini, ikakhulukazi ngoba zinobudlelwane obuseduze nabantu. Ake sifunde ngezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ngazo esintwini.
Nciphisa ukungcola komsindo
Ukunukubezeka komsindo kwaziwa nangokuthi ukunukubezeka komsindo, futhi kuhlobene nomsindo owedlulele noma umsindo ongaphezu kwezimo ezivamile; Uma sikhuluma ngokungcoliswa komsindo, sibhekisela emsindweni owedlulele obangelwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yabantu njengethrafikhi, izimboni, amabhizinisi, imikhumbi, phakathi kokunye, okuthinta kakhulu ukuzwa nempilo yengqondo yabantu.
Umsindo owedlulele ungathinta kakhulu abantu ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba, yingakho izihlahla zisetshenziswe njengezinto zokuhlobisa emadolobheni kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Zisiza ukunciphisa umsindo wasemadolobheni futhi zisize ukunciphisa umthelela obonakalayo nongokwengqondo. Yingakho izingadi zivame ukutholakala eduze kwemigwaqo noma emaphethelweni ezindlu.
Ziyasivikela elangeni futhi zisipholise
Izihlahla zibonakala ngobukhulu bazo obuphawulekayo, ukwakheka kanye nomqhele omkhulu, zinikeza izinhlobonhlobo zemibala, izithelo nezimbali. Kodwa zigqama ngokuyinhloko ngokunikeza umthunzi nokuqabula indawo ezungezile, kungesinye sezizathu ezinkulu ezenza izindlu zibe nezihlahla ezinompheme omningi, kangangokuthi zimboza uphahla, zikhiqize ukusha ekhaya.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ezinikeza umthunzi, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi eshisayo njengehlobo, ekhiqiza ukusha ngisho nomuzwa wokuthula, lokhu kubangelwa umhwamuko wamanzi okhishwa ngamahlamvu, osiza ukukhiqiza umoya omkhulu.
Ukukhishwa Kwezinkuni
Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezihlahla kungumnikelo wazo wenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emphakathini eyaziwa ngokuthi izinkuni, itholakala esiqwini sezihlahla zamagatsha amakhulu kanye nezimpande zazo. Ngalokhu kungenzeka ukuthola imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene efana namatafula, ifenisha, iminyango, phakathi kwabanye, ngaphezu kokuthola i-cellulose, amafutha, ama-resin, phakathi kweminye imikhiqizo yemboni yamakhemikhali.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukhuni lubhekwa njengomthombo wemvelo ovuselelekayo, okugqamisa ukuthi inqubo yawo yokuthola iqala ngokutshalwa kwesihlahla, uma sinezimo ezifanele, iqhubekela ekugawulweni lapho izihlahla zigawulwa khona ngamasaha, emva kwalokho amagatsha ahlanzwa kuze kube yilapho isiqu sihlanzekile. Izingodo zisikwa zibe ubude obufanele, zithuthelwe endaweni yokusaha ukuze kuqalwe umsebenzi womshini, bese zomiswa ukuze zingaboli, futhi ekugcineni zithuthelwe ezimbonini ezifanele ukuze zicutshungulwe.
Izinkuni zisetshenziswa njengento eluhlaza ye-pulp, noma i-cellulose, esetshenziswa embonini yamaphepha. Izinkuni zibuye zisetshenziswe ngabadwebi ukwakha imisebenzi nemidwebo, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo nezinye izingcezu zokhuni, phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi. Ukugqamisa iqiniso lokuthi inkampani ngayinye inesibopho ngenani lezihlahla ezigawulayo ukuze zigcwalise isilimo sazo.
Hlobisa ukwakheka kwezwe
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla, ezinye zibonakala ngezici zazo ezinamahlamvu, ezithela izithelo, nezimbali, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemibala yazo unyaka wonke. Kulokhu, iqiniso lokuthi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kokubili imvelo kanye namakhaya livelele, libakhuthaza ukuba bakhule ukuze basetshenziswe ukuhlobisa.
Zisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezomnotho wokuthuthukiswa komphakathi, lapho zivame ukutholakala emasimini ahlukene, amapaki, phakathi kwabanye. Ngale ndlela, ubuhle kanye nekhwalithi yemvelo kunikezwa ezindaweni, ezinezinhlobonhlobo zezindawo ezihlelekile ukuze ujabulele ubuhle bazo obungavamile ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka.
Ziyikhaya lezilwane nezinambuzane eziningi
Izihlahla zingakhula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nemiphakathi, okwenza indawo ekhululekile nephephile kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, njengezingwejeje nonogwaja, lapho zakha khona imigodi yazo noma lapho izinyoni zihlala khona, phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo. Ngenxa yezihlahla, lezi zinhlobo zingalondoloza ukuphila kwazo futhi ziphile.
Ilukuluku lwezihlahla
Ukubaluleka kwezihlahla kuyisisekelo ekusindeni kwempilo emhlabeni, ngakho-ke, njengabantu kufanele silondoloze impilo emhlabeni futhi sibe nesibopho ngezinhlobo zezihlahla ezigawulwa ezindaweni ezahlukene zomhlaba, ngale ndlela indlela esizoqinisekisa ngayo futhi ukongiwa kwempilo ngokwayo, ngakho-ke, sazise ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile zezihlahla:
- Isitshalo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni iSequoia, sitholakala eRedwood National Park California futhi singamamitha angu-115 ukuphakama.
- Isihlahla esiphila isikhathi eside kunazo zonke saziwa ngokuthi i-Pinus Longaeva, sineminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingu-7 ubudala, futhi izinsalela zalesi sifanekiso zitholwe ngaleyo minyaka.
- Izinsalela zesihlahla esineminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-270, kudala ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ama-dinosaurs, aziwa ngokuthi i-Ginkgo Biloba.
- E-India ungathola i-Ficus Benghalensis, eyaziwa njengesihlahla esithatha cishe ama-square metres ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12, iwuhlobo oluhlonishwa kakhulu eNdiya futhi lunikeza umthunzi omkhulu.
Isiphetho
Kumele kugcizelelwe ukubaluleka kwezihlahla ukuze kulondolozwe impilo eMhlabeni. Zingasetshenziselwa ukuzuza kodwa zingacekelwa phansi. Kuyadingeka ukuhlonipha lezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo futhi ukhuthaze ukutshala kwazo okuqhubekayo. Namuhla, kuye kwaba nokukhathazeka ngokugawulwa kwezihlahla ngokweqile kanye nomonakalo okuwudalayo emhlabeni wethu, okwandisa umphumela wokushisa, ukwanda kokuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukushabalala kwezinhlobo ezithile zezihlahla, nokuwohloka kwezindawo eziluhlaza kuleplanethi. Njengabantu, kuwumsebenzi wethu ukubanakekela, sikhumbula ukuthi bangamaphaphu omhlaba.
Siyethemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sibe usizo, sikushiyela enye ozokuthakasela ngayo:
Izihlahla
