Ukukhuluma ngoLwandle i-Aegean kuwukukhuluma ngomsuka wempucuko yaseNtshonalanga, yolwandle olwabona ukuhwebelana ngamasiko, izimpi, izinganekwane nezinsumansumane eziseyingxenye yobunikazi bethu obuhlangene namuhla. Phakathi kweGreece neTürkiye, le ingalo yaseMedithera ayizange ibe yindawo nje kuphela, kodwa umthambo obalulekile kwezohwebo, ezenkolo, ulwazi nobuciko. Umuntu akanakuqonda ukuchuma komqondo wamaGreki ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuhlobana kwawo okuseduze nalamanzi aluhlaza acwile emlandweni.
Ku I-Aegean inganekwane, imivubukulo kanye nomlando kuhlangene ohlakeni olubeka izisekelo zefilosofi, zezenhlalakahle nezombusazwe zomhlaba njengoba siwazi. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwentando yeningi kwazalelwa eziqhingini zayo, iziqalo zezakhiwo eziyisikhumbuzo, izinkondlo ezidumile, nohwebo olukhulu lwasolwandle. Lesi sihloko sizokuthatha ekuvakasheleni kabanzi izimpucuko ezazihlala kuyo, izinganekwane zayo, ifa layo, nomthelela wayo kuze kube namuhla.
I-Aegean Sea: indawo, i-geography nokubaluleka kwamasu
ULwandle i-Aegean luphakathi kwenhlonhlo yaseGreece kanye nogu olusentshonalanga ye-Asia Minor. (i-Türkiye yanamuhla), ikalwa ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu nge-eksisi ecishe ibe amakhilomitha angama-600 futhi cishe amakhilomitha angama-400 ububanzi. Iyingxenye yoLwandle iMedithera, ehlukaniswe uchungechunge lweziqhingi ezisebenza njengebhuloho lemvelo phakathi kwamazwekazi amabili.
Igama layo livela enkosini yase-Athene u-Aegeus, owathi, ngokwenganekwane, wazibulala ngokuziphonsa olwandle lapho ekholelwa ukuthi indodana yakhe uTheseus yayifile ibhekene neMinotaur. Kusukela kudala, Amanzi e-Aegean adlala indima ebalulekile ekuhambeni nasekuxhumaneni kwamasiko phakathi kwempucuko njengaseGibhithe, eMesophothamiya futhi, yiqiniso, isiGreki.
I-Aegean ngesikhathi seBronze Age: amasiko amaMinoan, amaMycenaean kanye namaCycladic
Phakathi kuka-3000 BC kanye no-1000 BC, uLwandle i-Aegean lwaluyisizinda samasiko amathathu amakhulu. okwaphawula ukuqala komlando wasendulo waseYurophu: iMinoan eKrethe, iMycenaean ezweni laseGreece, kanye neCycladic eziQhingini zaseCyclades.
- Isiko lamaMinoan: Izinze eKrethe ngeNkathi Yokuqala Neyethusi Yebhulonzi, yayigqame ngezakhiwo zayo ezithuthukisiwe zendlunkulu, igqamisa iSigodlo saseKnossos, kanye nomphakathi ohlelwe ngokwepolitiki onohlelo lokuphatha oluyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba kufakazelwa yizimpawu nezibhebhe ku-Linear A script. Ubuciko bakhe bokuhlobisa, izitsha zobumba nenkolo kwashiya iminonjana eyayiyothonya amaGreki kamuva.
- Impucuko yaseMycenaean: yachuma ezweni laseGreece phakathi kuka-1600 no-1100 BC. AbakwaMycenaean babengamaqhawe nabahwebi abakhulu, futhi ulimi lwabo, oluqoshwe ezibhebheni ze-Linear B, lwaluyisandulela sesiGreki sakudala. Izinqaba ezifana ne-Mycenae kanye ne-Pylos zibonisa izinga lobuchwephesha besiko elibuye lilawule imizila ebalulekile yasolwandle.
- Isiko le-Cycladic: ngaleso sikhathi ekuqaleni kweMinoan, yayihlala eCyclades futhi yayiphawuleka ngomfanekiso wayo wemabula, ikakhulukazi. imifanekiso yayo engokomfanekiso ephambanise izingalo. Iphinde yaphumelela ekukhiqizeni i-obsidian nasekuhwebeni nezinye izifunda zaseMedithera.
Lawa masiko awazange ahlukaniswe: Bahweba, babelana ngobuchwepheshe, ubuciko, futhi bagcina inethiwekhi yobudlelwano basolwandle okwaphendula i-Aegean yaba isizinda sangempela sokuncibilika kwempucuko.
Ukusebenzelana kwamasiko nezohwebo e-Aegean
Ukuhweba kwadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamasiko e-Aegean.. AbakwaMinoan babethumela kwamanye amazwe izinto zobumba, iwayini, uwoyela kanye nezinto zikanokusho, kuyilapho bengenisa izinsimbi nezinyo lendlovu. AbakwaMycenaean balandela okufanayo futhi banweba ithonya labo kulo lonke elasempumalanga yeMedithera, kuhlanganise neGibhithe, iCyprus ne-Anatolia.
Lobu budlelwano bebungasekelwe kuphela ekushintshaneni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa futhi ukushintshana ngemibono, inkolo, ubuchwepheshe namasiko. Izindlela zohwebo nazo zaziyimizila yolwazi. Ngakho, izici zezithombe zaseGibhithe noma zaseMesophothamiya zatholakala emathempelini ase-Aegean.
Izinhlelo ze-palatine zaseCrete neMycenae zabeka indawo eyodwa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokugciniwe okusanhlamvu, uwoyela, uvolo, newayini. Baphinde babhala ngokuthengiselana kwabo, okubonisa isakhiwo sombuso esithuthukisiwe esisekelwe ekulawulweni kwezinsiza ezinkulu.
Izinganekwane kanye nomfanekiso wasenganekwaneni ozungeze uLwandle i-Aegean
Umuntu akanakukhuluma nge-Aegean ngaphandle kokukhuluma indawo yayo ebalulekile ezinganekwaneni zamaGreki. Izindaba ezinjengalezi zenzeka lapha:
- Theseus and the Minotaur: indaba yensizwa eyahamba yaya eKrethe ukuyobhekana nenunu esendlini yesigodlo saseKnossos.
- U-Icarus no-Daedalus: owazama ukuphunyuka eKrethe ngokundiza ngamaphiko engcina.
- UJason kanye ne-Argonauts: owahamba lawa manzi efuna uboya begolide.
I-Aegean yayingeyona nje indawo ebonakalayo, kodwa futhi engokomfanekiso: umngcele phakathi kokwaziwa nokungaziwa, isibuko somphefumulo womuntu kanye nokwesaba nezifiso zayo. Ngokwesibonelo, uPlato ubeka ezinye zezingxoxo zakhe—ezifana noCritias noTimaeus—eziqhingini zase-Aegean, futhi kuzo uvusa i-Atlantis njengokubonakaliswa kwefilosofi kokuhle nokulahlekile.
Ifa lamasiko laseGreece kanye nokuzalwa kabusha komcabango waseNtshonalanga
Izifunda zamadolobha amaGreki noma i-polis ezifana ne-Athens, iSparta, iDelphi neRhodes zachuma endaweni yokukhosela yoLwandle i-Aegean.. Intando yeningi, ifilosofi, inkulumo-nkulumo kanye nezakhiwo zakudala zatshalwa kuzo. Le mvuselelo yamasiko isuka empucukweni yase-Aegean yeNkathi YeBronze.
Izazi zefilosofi ezinjengoSocrates noPlato zaqoqa lelifa futhi wasibumba saba yizinhlelo zokucabanga ezisabusa indlela yethu yokuqonda umhlaba namuhla. Ubuciko, i symmetry, ukuhleleka futhi izinganekwane zamukelwa futhi zapheleliswa zaze zaba indinganiso yezwe laseNtshonalanga.
Emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva, I-Renaissance yathatha lelo fa: Abaculi base-Italy, ikakhulukazi uMichelangelo, bavuselele ubuhle bobuhle bamaGreki asendulo. Umphumela ungabonakala emidwebeni eqoshiwe, emafresco, ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo kanye nefilosofi yezombangazwe kuze kube namuhla.
I-Aegean Namuhla: Ezokuvakasha, Amagugu, Nokusimama
Iziqhingi eziningi zase-Aegean ziyizindawo zokuvakasha ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi eGreece. I-Santorini, i-Mykonos, i-Rhodes, i-Delos, i-Crete, ne-Lesbos iheha izigidi zezivakashi unyaka ngamunye, ifuna yonke into kusukela emabhishi acwebile kuya emanxiweni emivubukulo namadolobha enkathi ephakathi.
Futhi, Kunezindawo ezinhlanu ze-UNESCO zamagugu omhlaba eziqhingini zase-Aegean., njengeSigodlo Sezindela sikaSt. John noMgede We-Apocalypse ePhatmose, iHeraion yaseSamos, noma isiqhingi saseDelos, okubonisa ukubaluleka komlando kwale ndawo.
Naphezu komthelela wezokuvakasha, Kwenziwa imizamo yokuvikela kokubili imvelo kanye namagugu amasiko. Amabhishi e-Blue Flag, izindawo ezivikelwe zasolwandle, nezinhlelo zemivubukulo eziqhubekayo zifuna ukulondoloza leli gugu ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iGreece ne-Türkiye sebeqalile ukusebenzisana ezinhlelweni eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe ukuze ukugcina izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle nokuvimbela ukudoba ngokweqile, enye yezinselele ezinkulu zamanje ezibhekene ne-Aegean.
Phakathi kwamanxiwa, ulwandle oluluhlaza kanye nezinganekwane, uLwandle i-Aegean lusifundisa lokho Okwedlule akusoze kwashabalala ngokuphelele, kodwa kuyaguqulwa ukuze kunikeze incazelo kulesi sikhathi samanje.. Ulwandle oluqhubeka lukhuluma nathi: ematsheni ethempeli eliwile, esimweni esingaguquki sesitsha sobumba, ngamazwi esazi sefilosofi sasendulo esakhiwe kabusha ekilasini lesimanje. Ukuqonda isiko nomlando wakho akukhona ukubheka emuva, kodwa kuwukujula ngokuthi singobani namuhla.
