Wake wacabanga ngokuthola isidlo esisekelwe ezinambuzaneni kumenyu endaweni yokudlela oyikhonzile? Noma ingabe uke wema ukuze ucabange ngokwenza isidlo sakho sangemva kokuzivocavoca nge-snack kafulawa wezintuthwane? Cha, asikhulumi mayelana nezindlela zokupheka ezingavamile, kodwa mayelana ukudla okusimeme.
Kuze kube muva nje, ukudla okuhlanganisa izinambuzane kwakubhekwa njengento engenzeka esikhathini esizayo. Nokho, muva nje, i-European Union igunyaze ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwezinambuzane ekudleni: Kusukela ngo-January 24, 2023, ufulawa wekhilikithi ungasetshenziswa emakethe yaseYurophu emikhiqizweni efana nesinkwa, ama-crackers, amasobho, nezinye ezithatha indawo yenyama.
Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokusimama emkhakheni wokudla, asikhulumi nje ngokudla okusekelwe ezinambuzaneni. Umqondo ubanzi kakhulu futhi ubhekisela empilweni yabantu ngakolunye uhlangothi kanye nempilo yezwe esiphila kulo ngakolunye.
Kusho ukuthini ukudla okuzinzile?
Leli gama ukudla okusimeme ibhekisela ekudleni umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo lokho kuvumela ukuphepha kokudla okukhulu ngokwenani nekhwalithi. Umgomo uwukuqinisekisa impilo enempilo ezizukulwaneni zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.
Igama elithi "ukusimama" likhombisa ikhono loku gcina ibhalansi ye-ecosystem ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuluma ngokudla nokusimama kudinga ukuzibophezela ngemvelo nenhlonipho ngokwethu kanye nezizukulwane ezintsha.
Ukudla okuzinzile kuhumusha imikhuba yokudla. Lo mkhuba udlula ekukhetheni ukudla okusha kokubili ngoba kunempilo futhi akudingi ukucutshungulwa okunomthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile.
Ngokuqondile, eminyakeni yamuvaI-Flexitarianism isabalale phakathi kweMillennials kanye neGeneration Z, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ngokuthanda imifino, okusanhlamvu kanye nemifino.
Ukudla okusimeme kunomthelela ekuvikelweni nasekuhlonishweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nemvelo. Amukelekile ngokwesiko, ayalingana ngokwezomnotho futhi ayafinyeleleka, anomsoco owanele, aphephile futhi aphilile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo bakhulisa izinsiza zemvelo nezabantu.
Kodwa kanjani ukuqaphela imikhiqizo esimeme? Yiziphi izinzuzo zezempilo nezemvelo? Ngamanye amazwi: ukudla ngendlela efanele?
Iyini imikhiqizo esimeme?
"Ukudla kahle kuqala ekhaya," kusho uPatrick Holde, umqondisi ophethe wenhlangano esiza abantulayo I-Sustainable Food Trust. Nguye ngokwakhe, njengomgqugquzeli wokudla oluhlaza futhi esimeme, odweba uhlu lwa imikhiqizo ngezici ezifanele zokudla okunempilo okuhlonipha iplanethi.
Ungadla kanjani ngokuqhubekayo: ukudla okunconyiwe
- I-oatmeal: ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunconywa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ikhulile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umanyolo wokwenziwa. Futhi, njengoba ikhiqizwa e-Italy, ingaba indawo evumelekile yommbila waseMelika ongenisiwe.
- Imifino yasendaweni neyesizini: Uma kukhulunywa ngezolimo, indlela yokugcizelela kumele ibekwe kwenye yezingxenye zayo ezibalulekile: ukulima. Ibhekene nokutshalwa kwezitshalo ngokusho kwe inkathi. Ukudla okusimeme kanye imvelo siqukethe imikhiqizo fresh futhi ngenkathi. Atholakala kalula ezimakethe zabalimi bendawo. Kubalulekile ukulandela isikhathi sonyaka futhi uguqule uhlobo lokudla lwemvelaphi yemifino ukuze usebenzise kakhulu zonke izinto ezine-antioxidant action. Futhi masikhumbule: ama-strawberries atshalwe emigodini yepulasitiki evuthayo ngoFebhuwari awahloniphi imvelo!
- Izimbaza nezimbaza: Ngaphezu kokuminyene kwezakhamzimba, lawa ma-mollusk ahle kakhulu ekuthatheni ikhabhoni ngakho-ke ahlanza amanzi olwandle. Ziyasimama ngoba zivimbela izinsalela zezolimo ukuthi zingafiki olwandle, ziziguqule zibe imisoco. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayathanda ukunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, okunyamalala kwawo okuqhubekayo kungomunye wemiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Uma unentshisekelo olwazini olwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo, ungavakashela lesi sihloko mayelana izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
- Izembe: njengoba sazi, bacebile ngezakhi futhi ezimweni eziningi bangaphinde bathathe indawo yamaprotheni enyama ebomvu (thola ukuthi kungani kungcono ukuyigwema). Nabo banamandla okwenza zivundise umhlabathi ngendlela yezinto eziphilayo ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kokudala umonakalo ovame ukubangelwa umanyolo wamakhemikhali.
- Ulwelwe: bayingxenye yeqembu ukudla okuphezulu kokubili ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinamandla zomsoco kanye namandla ayo okumunca isikhutha. Ulwelwe, empeleni, ludinga i-nitrogen ne-phosphate ukuze lukhule, ukuze lukwazi ukuguqula udoti wenkampani ube umsoco. Ngakho-ke, afaka isandla ekwehliseni i-acidification yolwandle futhi avumele ama-microorganisms kanye nezilwane zasolwandle ukuba ziphumelele.
- Izinambuzane: ukudla kwekusasa? Izwe lasentshonalanga lithintekile ngalokhu inguquko Culinary okuzoholela, ngo-2030, ekukhiqizweni kwamathani angaba ngu-260.000 emikhiqizo esekelwe ezinambuzaneni. Bane-a Amaphesenti angama-70% amaprotheni (izikhathi eziphindwe ka-2-3 kunenyama ebomvu) futhi ukukhuliswa kwayo konga amanzi namandla. Kuze kube manje, ama-28%. Abaphenduli base-Italy bathambekele ekuzameni, u-44,5% bangathanda ukuzama izintuthwane kanti u-22% bazimisele ukuwadla befihlelwe ukudla okulula, amabha noma ufulawa wokwenza ipasta.
Yimiphi imithetho yokulandela ukudla okuzinzile?
Ukudla okusimeme akunayo imiyalo okufanele ilandelwe. Kunalokho, kumayelana nokufunda ukwenza izinqumo ezivikela indawo ezungezile. Ngalo mqondo, i-WWF ilungiselele uhlu lwamathiphu ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza owokuqala izinyathelo kule ndlela:
- Ukhetha imikhiqizo yasendaweni. Njengoba sekushiwo, ukukhetha imikhiqizo kusuka ku-0 km Ivumela ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nomthelela wemvelo osuselwe ezinyathelweni phakathi kwabakhiqizi nabathengi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo yendawo iyimikhiqizo ngenkathi ethile eziqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwe-ecosystem.
- Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama: Ubuwazi yini ukuthi amapulazi amaningi asebenza kanzima akhipha amanani aphezulu e-carbon dioxide? Kungcono ukukhetha amaprotheni emifino noma lawo atholakala ezinhlanzini. Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukwazi ukuthi lesi sici sihlobana kanjani ne ukufudumala kwezwe.
- Naka uhlobo lwenhlanzi oyithengayo: Ngemva kokuxhashazwa kwezilwandle, inani lezinhlanzi ezitholakalayo liye lehla ngenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kwenani labantu emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi oLwandle iMedithera.
- Yehlisa ukumosha ukudla: kulinganiselwa ukuthi zonke izinsuku ziyamoshwa 8.100 million euro ngenxa yokudla okumoshiwe, okulingana cishe 6.000 billion wamathani okudla. Kungcono ukufunda ukuqandisa okusele futhi ungangeni ogibeni lwezitolo ezinkulu, ezivame ukuphoqa abathengi ukuthi bathenge okungaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo.
- Ungathengi imikhiqizo enamaphakethe amaningi: ipulasitiki yakha U-40% wemfucuza. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuphuza amanzi kampompi ngokunciphisa ukuthengwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki.
- Iqukethe imfucuza yamandla ekhishini. Uma usebenzisa ihhavini, isibonelo, kunconywa nokwandisa ukupheka ukupheka ukudla okuningana ngesikhathi esisodwa bese uyiqeda nge-oven off. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, usebenzisa isitofu, kuhle ukukhumbula ukumboza amabhodwe namapani ngawo. i-tapas.
Indlela yokwenza ukuthenga okuzinzile?
Sicele umhlanganyeli wethu uMatteo Boschini, isazi sezokudla kanye nochwepheshe kwezemfundo yokudla, ukuze athole iseluleko esisebenzayo sokunciphisa ukungcola kokudla kanye nokudla okuzinzile.
- Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze hlela ukuthenga kwakho: Ukuba nohlu lokuthenga kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthenge kuphela lokho okudingekile ngempela, ukuvimbela ukudla okwengeziwe ukuthi kungonakali. Umusa wemvelo kanye nezezimali zakho.
- Gcina ukudla ngendlela efanele. Ikakhulukazi, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa usuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi i-del ubuncane besikhathi sokugcina. ukudla okusha o Ukudla okunezithako eziluhlaza kunomusho » kangcono ngaphambili »kulandelwa idethi evala ngesikhathi. Lolu usuku lapho umkhiqizo akufanele udliwe ngenxa yezizathu zempilo nenhlanzeko. Uma iphakheji inamagama » dla ngaphambili » kulandele idethi yakamuva, lena i ukudla okuhlala isikhathi eside Kulokhu, usuku lubonisa isikhathi lapho umkhiqizo ungase ushintshe khona ezinye zezici zawo ze-organoleptic, kodwa ungadliwa ngaphandle kwezingozi zempilo.
- Landela i- okokuqala, umthetho wokuqala: imikhiqizo engena efrijini noma endlini kuqala kufanele futhi kube eyokuqala ukudliwa. Leli qhinga elincane lizokusiza ukuthi udle umkhiqizo ngamunye ugweme noma yiluphi uhlobo lokusala.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokudla okuzinzile?
Ukudla okuzinzile kuyimodeli ukudla okunempilo ngokwenza kahle. Kokubili ukudla kwaseMedithera (okuqashelwa ngo-2010 yi-UNESCO njengeGugu Lesiko Lobuntu elingaphatheki) kanye nokudla okuguquguqukayo kungawela kulesi sigaba. Eqinisweni, lokhu ukudla okunikeza izinzuzo ngokwezempilo, kuvimbela izifo ezingapheli futhi kunqume imiphumela emihle emikhakheni yezenhlalo, ezomnotho nezemvelo.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinzuzo ezi-4 ezilethwa ukudla okuzinzile kumuntu kanye nemvelo?
- Impilo Ethuthukisiwe: Ukudla okunempilo kwehlisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nezinye izimo ezigulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene luye lwembula ukuncipha kwezinye izimila kanye nezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona eziwohlokayo (njengokukhuluphala).
- Inhlonipho ngendawo: ukudla okusimeme has a Umthelela ongaphansi ngo-60% kwezemvelo kunokudla okusekelwe enyameni yezilwane namafutha. Lokhu ngoba:
- ukukhiqizwa kokusanhlamvu, izithelo, imifino kanye nemifino kudinga a ukusetshenziswa kakhulu komhlaba namanzi kanye negesi ebamba ukushisa Ebhekene nemodeli yokudla esekelwe ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okuvela ezilwaneni;
- ukuhlonipha isikhathi sonyaka kuhumusha ku-a ukuncishiswa kwezilimo ezibamba ukushisa;
- I-Biodiversity Igcinwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ezahlukene endaweni ngayinye kanye nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo.
- Ukuqinisa izibopho phakathi kwabantu kanye nendawo: Ngenxa yesiko lansuku zonke elizibonakalisa ngokulungiswa kwetafula noma izitsha eziyizintandokazi, ukuqwashisa okukhulu kokudla kutholakala. Izinketho ze-0 km zisiza ukukhetha ukudla okukhona endaweni ngokwayo, kukunika amandla.
- Umnotho: ukwamukela imodeli yokudla okunempilo nokuqhubekayo kuholela ekutholeni:
- una ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali kwezempilo ngezinzuzo zezempilo zale modeli yokudla;
- una ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zasekhaya ngokusebenzisa kakhulu ukudla kwezitshalo nokonyaka, okushibhile kunokudla okuphelelwe yisikhathi kanye nokudla okuvela ezilwaneni;
- la ukulinganisa izinkampani ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kokusetshenziswa kokudla okujwayelekile kwaseMedithera (amafutha, iwayini, ipasta, isinkwa), okukhiqiza imali engenayo kanye nokuqashwa kwezinkampani kanye nabakhiqizi abancane bendawo;
- la ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo ngenxa yomnikelo omkhulu we-agro-eno-gastronomic.
Iziphetho
Indlela ukudla okukhiqizwa ngayo, okudliwayo nokuthi kungakanani okulahlekile kuthinta kakhulu impilo yabantu neplanethi. Kulinganiselwa (futhi kulindeleke) lokho ukuze 2050, abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-10 bazobe sebeqalile ukulandela ukudla okunempilo nokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo (okuvele kuqhubeka futhi okungalawuleki) futhi kusize sindisa impilo yabantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-11 ngonyaka.
Ngakho-ke, kudingeka isinyathelo esiphuthumayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo aziyizuzi iplanethi eyonakaliswe kakhulu futhi zihlushwa ukungondleki kahle noma izifo ezingagwemeka. Ngakho-ke, ukulungisa imikhuba emibi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwakha izwe elingcono.