Ukwazi ukuthi Ukuhlelwa Kwemfucuza kuhlanganisani kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esiholela emphakathini osimeme. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwempahla ngokweqile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilahlwayo kushintsha udoti kube inkinga engathi sína kakhulu isintu esingabhekana nayo. Isixazululo sisezandleni zethu, ngezenzo ezilula kodwa ezibalulekile. Qhubeka ufunda, zindla futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, yenza!
I-Waste Classification
Udoti usuyinkinga eyinhloko nebucayi kakhulu ebhekene neplanethi. Umthelela wemvelo okhiqizwa inani elicishe lingenakulinganiswa lemfucuza ekhiqizwa nsuku zonke udala umonakalo omkhulu emithonjeni yemvelo kanye nempilo. Ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwesibalo sabantu kanye nakho ukusebenziseka ngokweqile nokungasimami lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-3R kunciphisa, ukugaywa kabusha nokusetshenziswa kabusha kunganikezwa ukubaluleka okukhulu kubangela amazinga okungcola anyuke kakhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza kuyisenzo esibalulekile sokusiza ukulondoloza nokulondoloza imvelo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kukhuphule izinga lezempilo kuzo zonke izindawo zayo. Imfucumfucu eqinile, okungukuthi, lezo zinto ezilahlwa ngemva kokusebenza kwazo futhi ezingenanzuzo yezomnotho, kufanele ziqale ukuhlukaniswa ukuze zinikezwe ukusetshenziswa okuthile futhi zingagcini endaweni yokulahla njengengxenye esebenzayo yenqubo yokungcola.
Imfucuza yizo zonke lezo zihloko, izinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo, imfucuza ekhiqizwa ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu, ngoba iningi lazo liyimvelaphi elahlwayo, okubangela umthelela omubi kakhulu emvelweni. Lokhu kuthinta izakhi zemvelo ezinjengamanzi, umoya, nomhlaba, njengoba usuku nosuku zivame ukwehlisa isithunzi, okuletha imiphumela emibi ekuphileni emhlabeni.
Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwezinye izindlela ezivumela ukunciphisa umthelela ngokuqondisa izenzo eziya emphakathini osimeme ngempela, ngakho ukuhlukanisa udoti ngezigaba kungenye yezinyathelo ezingcono kakhulu ezingathathwa ngabanye ukuze kuphathwe kangcono nokulahlwa kwemfucuza. Ngale ndlela singaba izakhamuzi ezinakekela imvelo.
Umehluko phakathi kukaDoti kanye Nodoti
Abantu abaningi bajwayele ukudida udoti nemfucuza futhi akufani. Udoti ubhekisela kulezo zinto ezingaselusizo futhi ezingakwazi ukungena ohlelweni lokugaywa kabusha, kungasaphathwa ukuthi ziphinde zisetshenziswe. Injalo indaba yephepha lasendlini yangasese, ama-wipes amanzi, amathikithi, phakathi kwabanye abaningi. Kodwa-ke, endabeni yodoti, ingagcina inani layo lapho icutshungulwa noma iphinda isetshenziswa, yingakho ingahlukaniswa ukuze iphathwe kangcono.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemfucuza Ngokuhambisana Nomthombo Wemvelaphi
Imiphakathi isibonile isidingo sokuthuthukisa ezinye izindlela zokulawula inkinga yemfucumfucu eqinile esiza ekunciphiseni ukungcoliswa komhlaba futhi iqinise ukulondolozwa kwemithombo yemvelo. Ukufunda nokusebenzisa ngokwezigaba ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza kuqala kudala ukubaluleka kwenhlonipho ngendawo ezungezile, kukhuthaze ukuziphatha kahle komphakathi ekulawuleni udoti futhi kunciphisa umthamo wemfucuza eya ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu. Abantu bakhiqiza imfucuza nemfucuza eningi ngendlela engenakucatshangwa. Lezi zingahlukaniswa njengekhaya, izimboni, isibhedlela kanye nezokwakha. Ngalo mqondo, imfucuza ingahlukaniswa kanje:
indawo yokuhlala
Lezi zinsalela ziwumphumela womsebenzi wansuku zonke wasekhaya. Zihlanganisa yonke into ehlobene namapulasitiki, ingilazi, izinsalela zokudla, iphepha, amakhadibhodi, iziqukathi zikapende, izinto ezincane nezibulala izinambuzane. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa udoti okhiqizwa ezikoleni nasemahhovisi. Kukhona nefenisha, izinto zikagesi, amabhethri, izingubo zokugqoka nezinye izinsalela zokulungisa okungatheni.
I-Industriales
Imfucuza yezimboni ikhiqizwa ngenxa yemisebenzi yezimboni kanye nezinqubo zazo zokukhiqiza. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhishwa kwegesi akufanele kufakwe kulesi sigaba.
enomoya wokungenisa izihambi
Ziyimfucuza eyingozi ngoba zivela ezikhungweni zezempilo, ngakho-ke kufanele zibe nokuphatha okuhlukile nokulawulwa kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izinto ezithathelwanayo, ezibukhali nezihlinzayo, ezingamelela ingozi ngakho ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kufanele kube nzima kakhulu. Izinsalela zezicubu zomuntu kanye nezinsalela zezidakamizwa nazo zingena kulesi sigaba.
UKUQALA
Lezi zinsalela azimeleli inkinga yezempilo ngoba ukwakheka kwazo akukhiqizi inkinga enkulu kunomonakalo wokwakheka kwezwe, okungukuthi, ziyizinto ezingasebenzi. Inkinga ivela lapho kuziwa ekusunguleni isimo sayo sokugcina. Eminye iphinda isetshenziswe njengengxenye yemisebenzi efanayo noma eminye. Awenzi izinguquko zanoma yiluphi uhlobo, ngaphandle kwezinsimbi ezingase zibe khona. Awavuthi, futhi awancibiliki, awehliseli phansi noma angathinti ezinye izakhi noma alimaze impilo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuzaNgokusho kwe-Biodegradability yayo
Ezinye izinsalela zinempahla yokubola, okungukuthi, azinangozi emvelweni futhi kunalokho zigcina zinikeza izinzuzo ezithile endaweni yazo.
Udoti Ophilayo
Lezi zinsalela zivela ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni, zibola kalula, kodwa zinendawo ezingabuyiselwa emhlabeni, okungukuthi, ziyakwazi ukubola, njengoba amakhemikhali kanye nama-biological agents asebenza kuzo afinyelela ukuguqulwa ngokwemvelo. indaba yamagciwane, izinambuzane, ithonya lamanzi, ilanga nomoya. Zingasetshenziswa njengohlobo lomquba ukondla i-substrate noma zisebenze njengokudla kwezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane.
Lesi sigaba sikadoti sihlanganisa izinsalela zezilwane ezingeke zisetshenziswe abantu noma imikhiqizo ephuma kuzo. Ikakhulukazi lokhu kukhiqizwa emkhiqizweni wokuqala wemfuyo.
Imfucuza Engaphili
Udoti wezinto ezingaphili uvela ezintweni ezifana namabhodlela, izinsimbi, amathini kanye nepulasitiki eyingozi kakhulu. Lezi mfucumfucu ngokuvamile zingcolisa kakhulu futhi zihlala isikhathi eside ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa zingasetshenziswa kabusha, zinganikezwa inani elihlukile ezadalelwa lona ekuqaleni.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuzangokwendlela eyakhiwe ngayo
Udoti omningi otholakala kulesi sigaba awukhiwanga ngezinto ezivutshelwayo, njengoba uyinto engaphili futhi unethuba lokugaywa kabusha.
Iphepha nekhadibhodi
Lokhu kungcola sekuphenduke, kanye nepulasitiki, inkinga yangempela yemvelo. Ukwenziwa kwephepha namakhadibhodi kuletha ukucekelwa phansi kwayo yonke imvelo, yingakho kumele kusetshenziswe izindlela ezisimeme zokusetshenziswa. Kulesi sigaba kukhona amaphepha, omagazini, amafolda, izincwadi zocingo, iziqukathi namabhokisi amakhadibhodi. Lezi zingasetshenziswa kabusha izikhathi ezimbalwa, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukuwohloka kwezakhi zemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, amanye amaphepha kanye namakhadibhodi ngeshwa aphenduka udoti ngoba awakwazi ukudlula ohlelweni lokuphinda asetshenziswe. Injalo indaba yephepha elamiwe, ama-napkins, iphepha lasekhishini, izinkomishi zekhadibhodi, isithombe, ikhabhoni noma iphepha lefeksi, phakathi kwabanye.
izibuko
Lesi sakhi sithathwa njengento engasetshenziswa kabusha ingunaphakade, kodwa uma singalahlwa ezitsheni ezikhethekile kubo, bagcina sebeyimfucuza eyingozi ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza. Ikakhulukazi iza ngendlela yezimbiza, amabhodlela, izitsha zokudla, noma ezinye izinhlobo.
Ukuhlukaniswa yemfucuzangokwengozi
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa zonke lezo zinsalela ezimele ingozi eqondile kumuntu nezinye izakhi zemvelo. Lapha ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa lezo ezinemvelaphi yezinto eziphilayo okufanele ziphathwe ngendlela ekhethekile, okukhona kuzo okunemisebe, ezempilo, ama-asidi nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali nezibolayo.
Izinsalela eziyingozi
Lezi zinsalela zihlukaniswa njengengozi kokubili kwemvelo kanye nezidalwa eziphilayo. Azikwazi ukuphinda zisetshenziswe, ingozi yazo iyisici sezinto ezibonakalayo. Lezi zinezinhlelo zokuqoqa ezikhethekile. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amabhethri anezinto ezifana nethusi, i-aluminium ne-lithium, engcolisa kakhulu. Imikhiqizo engcolile evela emisebenzini yezimayini, ukuchithwa kwezimboni, izibulala-zinambuzane, isifutho nakho kubhekwa njengengozi.
Njengesibonelo salemfucumfucu eyingozi sinemfucuza yezimayini, intuthu yoshimula, ukuchitheka kwezimboni nezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ezisatholakala ezithelweni, kanye nopende, isifutho, izincibilikisi, imfucumfucu yezitshalo zenuzi, amafayili ensimbi, imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo , i-petroleum-based imikhiqizo kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi.
Lezi zinsalela kufanele zibe nezindlela ezithile zokwelapha ezingaba ezemvelo, ezemvelo, ezishisayo noma ezemvelo.
Curious Waste Facts
Ubuwazi yini ukuthi ithani ngalinye lephepha eligaywe kabusha livimbela ukukhishwa kwamakhilogremu angu-900 we-CO2 emkhathini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo konga amalitha angu-20,000 amanzi. Abantu bakhiqiza okungenani amakhilogremu angu-2 kadoti nsuku zonke, okuhunyushwa kuhhafu wethani ngonyaka. Uma ibhidlika, itholakala ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, ikhiqiza uketshezi olunuka kabi, olumnyama, olungcolisayo olubizwa ngokuthi i-leachate olungangena ku-substrate lungene kumadamu angaphansi komhlaba. Cishe ingxenye yemfucuza eqinile ekhiqizwayo ishiya amakhaya ethu, emele u-45%, futhi ingaphansi kuka-13% kuphela egaywa kabusha.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kukadoti, bukela ividiyo elandelayo:
Funda kabanzi mayelana neMvelo ngokulandela lezi zixhumanisi.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwemvelo Nemvelo
Izinhlobo Zomthelela Wezemvelo
Ukunakekelwa Kwezinto Ezihlukahlukene