Izindiza ziye zathakazelisa isintu kusukela zasungulwa. Iqiniso elilula lokuthi isakhiwo esikhulu sensimbi singaphakanyiswa futhi ukuhlala emoyeni kuyamangalisa ngempela. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwalokhu kusebenza kukhona uchungechunge lwezimiso zomzimba kanye ne-aerodynamic ezenza kube nokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, sizokwazi ukuthi izindiza zisebenza futhi zindiza kanjani emigqeni elandelayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinto ezintsha ezithakazelisayo kwezokuthutha, ungavakashela isihloko sethu ku ICuriosities yesiko laseQuimbaya.
Okulandelayo, sizohlola ngokujulile ukuthi izindiza zisebenza kanjani, yimaphi amandla ahilelekile ekundizeni kwazo, nokunye ilukuluku ezimangazayo ukuthi ubungazi.
Izimiso ezingokwenyama zokundiza
Ukundiza kwezindiza kusekelwe kokune amandla e-aerodynamic okuyisisekelo: isisindo, ukuphakamisa, ukusunduza kanye nokumelana. La mandla yiwona avumela indiza ukuthi isuke, ihlale emoyeni, futhi yehlele ngokuphepha.
- Isisindo (Gravity): Ngamandla adonsela indiza phansi ngenxa yamandla adonsela phansi.
- Phakamisa: Ngamandla aphambene nesisindo avumela indiza ukuthi ihlale emoyeni.
- Phusha: Ikhiqizwa izinjini zendiza, iqhubekisela phambili indiza.
- Ukumelana: Ukungqubuzana komoya ngokumelene nendiza, ephikisana nokunyakaza kwayo.
Izindiza zikhiqiza kanjani ukuphakama
Amaphiko ezindiza aklanywe nge iphrofayela egobile okuvumela umoya ukuthi ugeleze ngokushesha phezulu kunangaphansi. Ngokusho kwe Isimiso sikaBernoulli, lokhu kudala umehluko wengcindezi odala ukuphakama okudingekayo ukugcina indiza emoyeni. Uma ufuna ukujula esihlokweni se-curiosities, ungafunda futhi mayelana ilukuluku ezilandiswa ezindabeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho indiza iya phambili, amaphiko ashintsha isiqondiso somoya, akhiqize a phansi. Lesi senzo sichazwa yi- umthetho wesenzo nokusabela Umthetho kaNewton, othi uma iphiko liphushela umoya phansi, umoya usabela ngokusunduza iphiko liye phezulu.
Kungani izindiza zingandiza? Isimiso sikaBernoulli
Enye yezimfihlakalo ezinkulu zalabo abangazi kahle ngezokundiza ukuthi indiza enesisindo esingamathani ambalwa ingahamba kanjani emoyeni.
Imfihlo isesimweni samaphiko kanye nemithetho ye-physics.
Izindiza zindizela ngenxa Isimiso sikaBernoulli, echaza ukuthi isivinini soketshezi (kulokhu, umoya) sithinta kanjani ukucindezela.
Isebenza kanjalo:
- Amaphiko ezindiza anesimo esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi iphrofayili ye-aerodynamic.
- Umoya odlulayo phezulu kwephiko kuhamba ngokushesha ukuthi umoya udlula phansi.
- Lokhu kudala umehluko wengcindezi: ingcindezi iphansi phezulu futhi emikhulu ngezansi.
- Ingcindezi ephakeme kakhulu ngaphansi kwephiko iphushela indiza phezulu, ikhiqiza ilifti.
Lesi isimiso esivumela indiza ukuba ihlale emoyeni ngisho nesisindo sayo esikhulu.
Izindiza zihlala kanjani emoyeni?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izindiza zihlala emoyeni ngoba izinjini ziwaphusha phezulu, kodwa lokhu akulungile. Izinjini zenza ukuphokophela phambili, kuyilapho amaphiko ekhiqiza ukuphakama.
Amandla amane asebenza ekundizeni kwendiza:
1️⃣ Phakamisa: Iphushela indiza iye phezulu (edalwe ngamaphiko).
2️⃣ Isisindo: Amandla adonsela phansi adonsela phansi indiza.
3️⃣ Phusha: Izinjini ziyisa indiza phambili.
4️⃣ Ukumelana: Umoya uphikisana namandla aphikisana nokuhamba kwendiza.
Iqhaza lezinjini kanye ne-propulsion
Ukuze indiza iye phambili futhi ikhiqize ukuphakama okwanele, idinga izinjini ezihlinzekayo ukusunduza. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwendiza, lezi zinjini zingaba:
- Izinjini ze-Piston: Asetshenziswa ezindizeni ezincane, asebenza ngophephela.
- Izinjini ze-turbine: Zisetshenziswa ezindizeni zezentengiselwano nezithwala impahla, zikhiqiza inani elikhulu lomfutho.
- Izinjini zeJet: Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ezindizeni zamasosha kanye nesivinini esikhulu.
Izinjini kufanele futhi zinqobe ukumelana komoya, okuvame ukunensa indiza. Lapho idizayini yendiza isebenza kahle kakhulu, kuyancipha ukuhudula.
Ilukuluku elimangalisayo mayelana nezindiza
Ngaphandle kokuthi zisebenza kanjani, izindiza zifihla amaqiniso athakazelisayo okungenzeka ukuthi ubungawazi:
- Izindiza zingahlala ngokwazoEzinye izikhumulo zezindiza zinezinhlelo ezivumela ukuhlala ngokuzenzakalelayo ezimeni eziphansi ezingabonakali.
- Amafasitela ayi-oval ukuze aphephe.: Lo mumo usiza ukusabalalisa umfutho womoya ngokulinganayo, ukuvimbela ukuphuka.
- Amabhokisi amnyama anombala osawolintshi.: Ngaphandle kwamagama awo, la mabhokisi anombala ogqamile okwenza kube lula ukuwathola uma kwenzeka ingozi.
- Izindiza zingashaywa umbani ngaphandle kokulimala.: Zenzelwe ukuthi ziqhube ugesi ngokusebenzisa i-fuselage yazo ngaphandle kokuthikameza izinhlelo zazo.
Izindiza ziyizimangaliso zeqiniso zobunjiniyela, ukuhlanganisa i-aerodynamics, i-physics kanye nobuchwepheshe ukuze enze okuthile emakhulwini eminyaka adlule okwakubonakala kungenakucatshangwa. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani akugcini nje ngokuthakazelisa, kodwa futhi kusivumela ukuthi sithokozele kuthuthukiswe ezimele emlandweni wezokuthutha.
