Njengoba isayensi yezinkanyezi yaqala ukuthandwa njengesayensi futhi kwavela isibonakude sokuqala, ucwaningo lweSistimu Yelanga lwathuthuka. Kancane kancane, ukutholakala kwamaplanethi kwashintsha ukuqonda kwethu ukuba khona , kwabangela umuzwa emphakathini wesayensi. Umhlaba waphela ukuba yisikhungo sendawo yonke, waba yingxenye yendawo yonke enkulu.
Ngokutholakala kwalezi zindikimba zasemkhathini, isayensi yezinkanyezi yakwazi ukubeka isisekelo sayo sekusasa. Ngokunjalo, ezinye izimfihlo ezihlotshaniswa nesikhala nokwakheka kwaso zembulwa ngeminyaka yocwaningo lwamaplanethi. Ubuhle balezi zindikimba zasemkhathini bukhulu, busebenza njengeziqephu eziyinhloko zokuqonda indawo yonke.
Ungase ube nesithakazelo esihlokweni sethu: Ingabe Kukhona Amanye Amaplanethi Afana Nomhlaba?
Kwenziwa kanjani ukutholakala kwamaplanethi ayi-7? Konke odinga ukukwazi!
Ukutholakala kwamaplanethi ayi-7 kwakungelona iqiniso elisheshayo, kodwa kwaphawula ngaphambi nangemuva kwesayensi yezinkanyezi. Ngenxa yaleso simo, imibono ethile yezenhlalo neyenkolo yashabalala, eyamemezela isimo sengqondo esingokweqile.
Umthombo: Google
Amaplanethi ayizidalwa zasezulwini ezibe khona kusukela ekuqaleni kwendalo yonke. Lezo eziseSistimu Yelanga, ikakhulukazi, ziye zafundwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo . Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kwamaplanethi ayisikhombisa ngokungangabazeki kwakuyinqubo enzima, kodwa kwafezwa kanjani?
IziKronike zikaPtolemy
UCluadio Ptolemy wayengomunye wabasebenzi abakhulu bolwazi olwashiyelwa uPlato no-Aristotle kusayensi yezinkanyezi. Lo mlingiswa obalulekile emlandweni nguyena owaphakamisa inkolelo-mbono ye-geocentric yendawo yonke.
Ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe, lapho ubuStoic bamaGreki babubusa khona, amaplanethi amaningana ayesevele ebonakala, okuhlanganisa iVenus neMercury. Ngale ndlela, inkolelo-mbono ye-geocentric yayithi zonke izidalwa zasezulwini ezatholakala kuze kube yileso sikhathi zazijikeleza uMhlaba.
Ngaleso sikhathi somlando, kwakunobufakazi bamaplanethi angu-8, kuhlanganise noMhlaba, iNyanga kanye neLanga njengengxenye yalelo qembu. Elinye iqembu lakhiwe yiVenus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter kanye neSaturn; konke okuzungeza uMhlaba.
Ithonya likaCopernicus noGalileo Galilei
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kwaqala ukuvela izikhathi ezintsha nabaprofethi, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona uNicolaus Copernicus noGalileo Galilei. Lo wokuqala wayenesibopho semfundiso ye-heliocentric , eyaphikisa umbono wokuthi uMhlaba wawuyisikhungo sayo yonke into.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi kokubili iLanga neNyanga kwakuyizinto zasezulwini ezinezimpawu ezihlukile kumaplanethi. ILanga laqokwa njengenkanyezi engumzali wale ngxenye yomthala, namaplanethi ayizungezayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNyanga yahlukaniswa njengesathelayithi yemvelo yokuqala neyodwa yoMhlaba , iyizungeza njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-28.
Umthelela kaGalileo Galilei waba nesandla ekwamukelweni kwenkolelo-mbono ye-heliocentric, wabeka isisekelo salokho esikwaziyo namuhla. Uphinde waba ngumsunguli wamasathelayithi amane e-Jupiter.
Ukutholwa kukaHerschel kwe-Uranus
UWilliam Herschel wayengumuntu othanda ukukhuluma kakhulu emlandweni wezinkanyezi, ohlonishwa ngokutholakala kwe-Uranus. Kuze kube ngu-1781, unyaka wokubonwa kwayo, kwakukholelwa ukuthi amaplanethi ayisithupha kuphela ajikeleza ilanga.
Iqiniso lavela ngengozi, njengoba isazi sezinkanyezi okukhulunywa ngaso sasizinikele ekuhloleni umlaza iGemini. Nokho, ukumangala kwakhe kwaba kukhulu lapho, esebenzisa isibonakude sakhe esisha, ebona into ekuqaleni ayibiza ngokuthi inkanyezi enomsila.
Ngemva kophenyo olunzulu ngomjikelezo wayo, oluhlanganisa izinsuku eziningana zokulandelela, wakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwediski yeplanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni lwangaphambilini kanye nokuyiqhathanisa nedatha yakhe yakamuva, wakwazi ukuphetha ngokuthi kwakuyi-Uranus.
Ngaphambilini, izibalo ezinjengoGalileo Galilei zazifake i-Uranus ngamanga njengesathelayithi yeJupiter. Nokho, ukuzungeza kwayo okungaguquki kanye nokuntula ukunemba kuholele ekutheni ilahlekelwe umkhondo. Kwaze kwaze kwaba nguHerschel lapho lokhu kutholwa kwathatha indlela ekahle, kwaze kwaqinisekisa ubukhona beplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Unentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi kwenzeka nini ukutholwa kwamaplanethi amasha? Funda ngakho!
Ngesikhathi kutholakala i-Uranus, ososayensi abaningi babekholelwa ukuthi ngeke kube yiplanethi yokugcina ukutholakala. Ngenxa yentuthuko kaHerschel kwezobuchwepheshe beteleskopu, ithuluzi elingcono manje lase litholakala lokuthola amaplanethi amasha.
Nokho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwahamba isikhathi zangabe zisavela izindaba. Mhlawumbe u-Uranus wayengowokugcina kuSolar System futhi ukutholakala kwamaplanethi amasha kwakuyiphupho nje. Nakuba, njengoba bekulindelekile, yonke into yashintsha ngokuzumayo.
Ukubukeka kweNeptune kanye nomthelela ku-Uranus
Yasungulwa ngo-1800, umphakathi wezinkanyezi waqala ukuqaphela ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile emjikelezweni we-Uranus. Ngesizathu esithile, iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yayilokhu isuka, ikhulisa ibanga layo endaweni yayo yokuqala.
Ngaleso sikhathi, imithetho yamandla adonsela phansi yasungula ukuthi ukuzungeza kwezinto zasemkhathini kungabangela imiphumela komunye nomunye. Ukusondela kwawo nokusebenzisana kwawo kwadala amaza adonsela phansi ayimpikiswano, akwazi ukusunduza ukuzungeza kweplanethi.
Umthombo: Google
Kwaze kwaba ngo-1845 lapho, ngomzamo ohlangene kaLeverrier noGalle, ukuba khona kweNeptune kwaqinisekiswa. Ngokungajwayelekile ekuzungeni kwe-Uranus, ubukhulu nebanga leNeptune kwakungabalwa ngokunembile. Ngakho-ke, kwanezelwa iplanethi entsha ekubaleni.
I-Pluto kanye nokutholwa kwamaplanethi ngale kwe-Neptune
Ukutholwa kwamaplanethi ngale kwe-Neptune kuholele ekuhlanganisweni kwegama elisha, izinto zamanje ze-trans-Neptunian. Nokho, esikhathini eside ngaphambi kwencazelo enjalo, uPluto wavela ngo-February 1930.
Ngenxa kaClyde Tombaugh , ukubonakala kwale planethi engavamile kwaqinisekiswa , ngokusekelwe ekubalweni kokuqala okwenziwe nguPercival Lowell. Kuze kube ngu-2006, iPluto yayibhekwa njengeplanethi eSistimu Yelanga. Kodwa-ke, ngalowo nyaka, yahlukaniswa kabusha njengeplanethi encane.
Kusukela ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule kuze kube manje, ngokusebenzisa izindawo zokuhlola izinkanyezi, ezinye izinto ezitholakale kumaplanethi akude neNeptune ziye zaqinisekiswa, phakathi kwazo, iCeres, iHaumea kanye ne-Eris zivelele , amaplanethi anezici ezifana nePluto.
