I-Poinsettia yaziwa nangokuthi imbali kaKhisimusi edumile, edume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke ngokuba uphawu lukaKhisimusi futhi iyingxenye yombala wayo obomvu onuka kamnandi namacembe e-velvet, ake sifunde kancane mayelana nokunakekelwa okumelwe sibe nakho ngale mbali enhle kanye namathiphu ukulondolozwa kwayo.
Poinsettia
I-poinsettia yaziwa kakhulu njengembali eyandulela uKhisimusi, umalusikazi, imbali kaKhisimusi, phakathi kwamanye amagama amaningi, igama layo lesayensi yi-Euphorbia Pulcherrima. Ihambisana nohlobo lomndeni wakwa-Euphorbiaceae odabuka ezweni laseMexico kanye naseMelika Ephakathi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu engadini njengesihlahla, ikakhulukazi endaweni ye-floriculture, isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesitshalo sasendlini ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi. Kuthiwa kunezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu okufanele zilinywe.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-Easter Flower imibala yayo egqamile, yingakho isetshenziselwa imihlobiso ehlukene, eyaziwa ngamagama ahlukene kuye ngezwe lapho isetshenziswa khona, njengePascuero eMexico, i-Federal Star in. I-Argentina, imbali kaKhisimusi emazweni aseMelika Ephakathi namanye amagama amaningi, avame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi.
Izakhiwo ze-Poinsettia
Isihlahla esincane esinamagatsha anamagatsha amancane kakhulu, singafinyelela kumamitha ama-4 ukuphakama. Amaqabunga angaba yi-lanceolate, futhi i-ovate-elliptic, futhi angaba ngokuphelele noma amazinyo. Zineziqu eziwugqinsi kodwa futhi zingaba bushelelezi. Amaqabunga awo anemiphetho ebushelelezi noma enamazinyo, angaba lula noma ashintshane, abe-ovate ukuya ku-elliptic, sinuous futhi anezinhlangothi ezi-2 ezijulile kakhulu ezisemaceleni ezinezingqimba ezi-subacute.
Inama-inflorescence noma izimbali ezenzeka esitshalweni, zitholakala phezulu kweziqu ezinesibopho sokwenza imbali eyodwa yesifazane ngaphandle kwamacembe noma ama-sepals, futhi izungezwe ezinye izimbali zesilisa ezinesakhiwo. eyaziwa ngokuthi i-ciato eyingxenye ye-Euphorbia. Ukubonakala kwezinye izindlala eziphuzi kungabonwa kusukela ngayinye cyath.
Ngayinye yalawa ma-inflorescences izungezwe amaqabunga amade aziwa ngokuthi ama-bracts anombala obomvu wesici esitholakala engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo, enikeza ukubukeka okumangalisa kakhulu ezimbalini. Kukhona amacultivar anama bracts anemibala ehlukene okumele asatshalaliswe phakathi nonyaka kodwa ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sikakhisimusi, kuthiwa akhiwe ngalesi sikhathi ngoba aqhakaza ebusika.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi enyakatho nenkabazwe bavame ukuqhakaza kusukela maphakathi noNovemba kuya kuFebruwari futhi kuthathwa njengokubalulekile ukuthi iPoinsettia ingatholi ukukhanya amahora angu-12, ikakhulukazi kusukela maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya kuKhisimusi ukuze kuzuze ukuqhakaza okufanele.
Umlando we-Poinsettia
Umlando we-Poinsettia ubonisa isithakazelo esikhulu ngenxa yesimo sawo esingokomfanekiso ngenxa yesikhathi sonyaka lapho igcinwa khona, okwenza kube nezindaba ezihlukahlukene kuye ngezwe okuxoxwa ngalo okugxile kulo, ezigqamayo emazweni alandelayo esiwachazayo. ngezansi:
I-México
EMexico yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yimbali kaKhisimusi noma imbali ye-Easter. Abomdabu besizwe bayikhomba njengeNahuatl, cuetlaxóchitl okusho ukuthi "Imbali ebunayo", igama elimele ukuhlangana kwabanye abangu-2: i-cuetlahui, “buna” futhi xochitl, "imbali". Enye indlela yokwaziwa isuka i-cuetlaxtli "isikhumba" futhi xochitl. Inokuhumusha kwezwi nezwi njengokuthi "imbali yesikhumba" ngenxa yombala wayo obomvu ogqamile kumacembe, afana kakhulu nesikhumba esisanda kuhlukaniswa.
Elinye ihlelo, kodwa elingavamile kakhulu, yileli gama elithi cuitlatl elisho "indle", ngoba izinyoni zivame ukuthulula zonke izimbewu ezimunyiwe, zivame ukuzisakaza futhi isitshalo singazalwa ngendle. Kwaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngesikhathi sobukhosi baseNew Spain, lapho amasonto ayehlotshiswe ngamaholide kaKhisimusi. Khona-ke leli siko lasakazekela eYurophu ngonyaka we-1678.
Argentina
E-Argentina, idume kakhulu ngegama lenkanyezi yombuso, lokhu kungenxa yombala wayo obomvu, ifanekisela kakhulu umbala wayo obomvu owagqugquzela i-Federal Party kanye nokuthi ukuma kwamacembe kungasikhumbuza inkanyezi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ngeminyaka yawo-1970 njengophawu lwebutho leMontoneros. Ingakwazi ukwaziwa ngamanye amagama afana ne-shepherdess, ubusuku obuhle, i-poinsettia ne-poinsettia.
United States
E-United States, kwagqama kumlingiswa owaziwa ngokuthi uPaul Ecke, engowesizukulwane sesithathu somndeni wakwa-Ecke, babeyiqembu labafuduki baseJalimane abazinza eLos Angeles maphakathi nawo-1900, bengumuntu oyinhloko obhekene necala. ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ngaphezu kokuguqula yonke imakethe, imvamisa kusetshenziswa ama-cuttings athunyelwe ngendiza esikhundleni sokusebenzisa izitshalo ezivuthiwe ezidluliswa ngesitimela.
Isatshalaliswa mahhala emabhodweni anezitshalo eziteshini zethelevishini ezehlukene ezivele bukhoma ku-Thanksgiving kuze kube uKhisimusi. Zonke lezi zimbali zivele bukhoma ezinhlelweni ezifana ne-The Tonight Show kanye nasemkhakheni okhethekile kaKhisimusi ka-Bob Hope, kusukela lapho ziye zakhangiswa ngokwentengiso.
Ukusatshalaliswa nendawo yokuhlala
EGuatemala isitshalo esingatholakala cishe yonke indawo, imvamisa lapho kukhona ukuphakama okuphakathi nendawo ukuya ogwini. Isimo sawo sisendle futhi singatholakala ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma emihosheni enamahlathi.
EMexico, abantu basendle abahlukene abasendaweni yaseMexico batholakala ezifundeni zaseGuerrero, e-Oaxaca, eMichoacán naseChiapas, ezitholakala ngokwemvelo, uma zilinywa zingatholakala ezweni lonke.Igqamisa ezinye izifunda zokwethula izitshalo ezifana neMorelos, Michoacán, Puebla, State of Mexico, Jalisco, Veracruz, Querétaro, Guanajuato, Chiapas, Guerrero kanye neBaja California.
Ezweni laseMexico, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zingatshalwa, ngokuvamile zitshalwa izinkampani ezikhethekile ezigxile emakethe noma ekutholeni izinhlobo ezintsha ezizotshalwa ezimbizeni nasezitsheni, kulokhu, umbala obomvu yiwona idla kakhulu imakethe ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-70..
Endabeni yesimo sazo sasendle, zingakhula emihosheni nasezindaweni eziphakeme noma ezivulekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisentshonalanga naseningizimu yeMexico. Lolu hlobo lwezitshalo zasendle lungangeniswa ezindlini njengokuhlobisa, zitshalwa abalimi futhi ngokuvamile zingatholakala ezindaweni ezihlala abantu ezilahliwe noma emaceleni emigwaqo neziza (izindawo zasemaphandleni).
Ihambisana nesitshalo esivumelana ne-photoperiod, edinga izinsuku ezifushane nobusuku obude ukuze ikwazi ukudala umbala wama-bracts (Amaqabunga). Ngakho-ke, ukukhanyisa okuhle kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjwe ukuthi zingaguquki noma ziwe. Ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa elibandayo noma elidlulele, ngakho-ke kutuswa phakathi kuka-20-22 ° C. emini kanye no-16 °C ebusuku.
Isitshalo singakwazi ukubekezelela u-40 ° C, singasekeli okusalungiswa kanye nokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa. Umswakama omuhle wemvelo uyadingeka ngokuqinile, ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukugwema ukuwa kwamaqabunga, kodwa futhi kuzwela kakhulu kumswakama wenhlabathi, ngenxa yobuningi bamanzi afinyelela ukubola kwezimpande. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngesikhathi lapho amaqabunga ewa futhi elahlekelwa ama-bracts, sonke isitshalo sivame ukuthenwa, okuvumela iziqu ezingaba ngu-5-10 cm.
Isimo sokulondoloza
I-Poinsettia ibhekwa njengenye yezimbali ezingavamile, ezinhle futhi ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni; izibona njengenye yezitshalo eziyi-10 ezifunwa kakhulu ebhodweni kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Iqokomisa ukubaluleka kwayo okukhulu kokuba isitshalo esifanekisela uKhisimusi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba.Izinhlobo zayo zingatholakala endle ezindaweni ezihlukene kakhulu ezifana neMexico neMelika Ephakathi, lapho ziyizitshalo ezifanele kakhulu, imele indawo yokugcina izakhi zofuzo namanje okungakahlolisiswa.
Ezimeni zokuthuthuka kofuzo ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, kusetshenziswa kuphela ukuguqula ezinye izinhlamvu futhi ohlotsheni lwasendle lwe-Poinsettia, kukhona amasampula anezici ezidingekayo emakethe. Umthelela wokuguquka kwezitshalo ezitshalweni zokuhlobisa ungaba lula ukubonwa, kube yilokho okusha futhi okudingekayo ukuze kuvele kugxile ngokucacile esicini esibonakalayo.Kuthathwa njengesitshalo esisatshalaliswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke, ngakho-ke akubhekwa njengohlobo kunoma yisiphi isigaba.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Poinsettia
Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo kumele zibe nokunakekelwa okukhethekile, ikakhulukazi uma ziyizitshalo ezitshalwe ngenjongo yokuhweba futhi zinesidingo esikhulu emhlabeni jikelele, njengasendabeni ye-Poinsettia, eyimbali efunwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi futhi isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, ngenxa yalokhu. kudingekile ukunaka lezi zincomo ezilandelayo:
I-Poinsettia Fertilizer
Uma ukuqhakaza sekuphelile, i-poinsettia izodinga ukufaka umanyolo owuketshezi emanzini okunisela asetshenziselwa isitshalo. Umanyolo womhlaba wonke ungasetshenziswa noma umanyolo okhishwa kancane, okungcono kufanele usetshenziswe kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10, kwanele ukuvumela ukukhula kwawo.
Ukulondolozwa
Kunconywa uma wonke amaqabunga abomvu ewile, okungcono endaweni ekhethiwe, izikhathi eziningi itshalwa emasimini. Ezimweni zokwenza ukufakelwa ezindaweni lapho kuqhunyiswa khona amaqhwa, kungabuye kugcinwe ngaphakathi kwamakhaya, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kubonakala kakhulu emihlobiso yangaphakathi inqobo nje uma ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwenziwa kanye nokuthenwa kwangaphambili.
I-Poinsettia Ukuthena
Ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe ekupheleni kukaJanuwari, lapho i-poinsettia ivame ukulahlekelwa amaqabunga ayo (abomvu naluhlaza) Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyanconywa ukuthi inqunywe. Njengoba itholakala kwezinye izindlu, kuhle ukugcina amaqabunga aluhlaza futhi uphathe ukugcina amaqabunga abomvu izinyanga. Kulezi zimo, iziqu zivame ukunqunywa futhi ziyishiye ngamasentimitha angu-10 ukuphakama, kuhle ukusebenzisa amagilavu phakathi nale nqubo ngoba ane-sap engazwela esikhumbeni, ekugcineni ekugcineni kufanele ivalwe nge-wax yekhandlela elicibilikile.
Ukuphumula kukaPoinsettia
Isikhathi sokuphumula se-Poinsettia noma Imbali KaKhisimusi ngesikhathi sasebusika sinconywa ezindaweni ezinokushisa kwamahhala, ngendlela efanayo ukuchelela kufanele kugcinwe ngalesi sikhathi kodwa kulinganiselwe kakhulu (kanye ngesonto).
Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-Poinsettia
Isetshenziswa ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo, itshalwa ebhodweni elikhudlwana, isebenzisa ingxube ye-substrate yendawo yonke ukuze kube lula ukukhula kwayo, okungcono i-humus noma isihlabathi, kuhle ukuyihlinzeka ngokukhanya okuhle kwemvelo kanye nokushisa okungaba ngu-20 °. Ibonakala ngokufinyelela ukwakheka kweziqu ngokukhula okuqhubekayo futhi iphinde ikhiqize ukukhula okuhle kwamaqabunga ehlobo nasekwindla.
Izimbali
I-poinsettia ingaqhakaza ngo-December, iqala ukwakha ama-bracts amasha (amaqabunga abomvu) Idinga isikhathi sansuku zonke esingaba phakathi kwamahora ayi-12 nayi-14 ebumnyameni obuphelele phakathi kokuphela kuka-September noma ekuqaleni kuka-October. Uma usekhaya, awukwazi ukuzitholela ekamelweni elivumela amahora ambalwa ngaphandle kokukhanya futhi ngaleyo ndlela ube nesitshalo esibukeka kahle kaKhisimusi, ngezinye izikhathi singakhula ngokwenziwa ebumnyameni obudingayo.
Kudingekile ukumboza ngepulasitiki emnyama noma, uma uhluleka, sebenzisa ikhadibhodi eliwugqinsi noma enye ihood evikelayo embozwe nge-aluminium foil, okungcono kakhulu ngesikhathi santambama-ebusuku, ukufeza cishe amahora angu-14 ngaphandle kokukhanya. Uma le nqubo ingenziwanga, i-poinsettia izokhula kahle kodwa ngeke iqhakaze. Uma uhluleka lokho, uzoba nePoinsettia enamaqabunga aluhlaza kodwa hhayi abomvu.
NgoDisemba, kuzokwazi ukuba nesitshalo sikaKhisimusi noma i-Poinsettia esizophinde siqhakaze, esikhulu kakhulu futhi saziswa kancane ngemva kokwenza konke ukunakekelwa okubonisiwe.
Sithemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibe wusizo, sikushiyela abanye ozokuthakasela ngokuqinisekile: