Ukunquma ukwenza iziqu ze-masters ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu zakho kungaba yikhanda elibuhlungu: Kukhona amadigri e-master's enyuvesi, iziqu ezizimele, iziqu ze-master ezivumelayo, izihloko zochwepheshe, nezihloko zochwepheshe.…kanye nomuzwa wokuthi zonke zizwakala zifana, kodwa azifani ncamashi. Uma futhi ukhathazekile ngokuba semthethweni kweziqu, ukufinyelela ezifundweni zobudokotela, noma ukuthi kuzowathinta kanjani amathuba akho okuthatha izivivinyo ezincintisanayo, izinto ziba nzima nakakhulu.
Emigqeni elandelayo uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele kakhulu obhidlizayo Iyini i-master's degree esemthethweni yasenyuvesi, iyini i-private master's degree noma i-progress education master's degree?Uyini umehluko wangempela phakathi kwalokhu okubili? ukuthi zinethonya kanjani ekuqasheni kwakho, ekufinyeleleni ezifundweni zobudokotela, ezivivinyweni zokuncintisana noma ekuqashelweni kwamanye amazwe, futhi iyiphi inketho engafanelana kangcono nemigomo yakho yobungcweti kuye ngesimo sakho.
Ihlelwa kanjani imfundo yasenyuvesi eSpain namuhla?
Ukubeka izinto esimweni, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uhlelo lwenyuvesi yaseSpain, lulandela I-European Higher Education Area (EHEA)Yakhiwe ngamaleveli amathathu asemthethweni: Iziqu zeBachelor, i-Master's kanye neDokotelaLawa mazinga amathathu yiwo kuphela akhiqiza iziqu ezisemthethweni ezisebenza kuyo yonke indawo kazwelonke futhi aqashelwa emazweni ayingxenye ye-EHEA.
Bonke abaneziqu abathola a iziqu zasenyuvesi ezisemthethweni, iziqu ze-master noma zobudokotela abalwe ku Irejista Kazwelonke Yabafundi Abathweswe Iziqu Enyuvesi EsemthethweniIsizindalwazi somphakathi esifinyeleleka ngesitifiketi sedijithali. Lokhu kubhaliswa kusebenza kuphela ezifundweni ezisemthethweni, hhayi ezifundweni ezizimele.
Ngaphandle kwalezi zimfundiso ezisemthethweni, i Organic Law of Amanyuvesi Ivumela amanyuvesi ukuthi athuthukise ezinye izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziholela iziqu zaboAmadigri e-masters, ama-postgraduate diploma, izifundo zobungcweti noma zochwepheshe, njll. Lezi izifundo eziqhubekayo ezinengxenye eqinile yobungcweti, kodwa ezingenaso isikhundla esisemthethweni ngezinjongo zoMbuso.
Iyini i-master's degree (iziqu ze-master's ezisemthethweni)?
Un inyuvesi noma i-master degree esemthethweni Uhlelo lwe-postgraduate oluye lwahlolwa kanzima kanye nenqubo yokugunyazwa ngabakwa Umnyango Wamanyuvesi kanye nama-ejensi wekhwalithi (eSpain, ikakhulukazi I-ANECA noma ama-ejensi esifunda aqashelwa ku-EHEA). Kuphela uma sidlula leso sihlungi lapho sithathwa njengesisemthethweni. futhi iziqu zayo zinokufaneleka kwezemfundo nobungcweti kulo lonke elaseSpain nasemazweni ase-European Higher Education Area.
Lezi ziqu ze-master zijula ​​emkhakheni othile wolwazi ngokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. imfundo ephakeme, isayensi kanye/noma professionalNgokuvamile zihlanganisa ithiyori eqinile, indlela yokusebenza eqinile futhi, ezimweni eziningi, ukuqondiswa okucacile ngakuzo ucwaningo kanye nokufinyelela ezifundweni zobudokotelaZivamile ezindaweni ezifana nezemfundo, ezempilo, ezomthetho, ezobunjiniyela kanye nesayensi yezenhlalo.
Ezinye iziqu ze-master zasenyuvesi nazo iziqu ze-master's ezifanelekayoIzinhlelo ezisemthethweni ezibalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile imisebenzi elawulwayo (umthetho, uthisha wesikole samabanga aphakeme, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sezempilo esijwayelekile, umakhi wezakhiwo, imikhakha ethile yobunjiniyela, ubungcweti bezempilo, njll.). Ngaphandle kweziqu ze-master ezifanelekayo, umuntu akakwazi ukubhalisa nendikimba efanele yobungcweti noma asebenze ngokusemthethweni kulezi zikhundla.
Enye inzuzo eyinhloko ukuthi iziqu ze-master enyuvesi Ibalwa njengokuqeqeshwa kwabaneziqu ezivivinyweni zokuncintisana kanye nezinqubo zokuncintisana zokuhlolwa komsebenzi womphakathi, futhi kuyisidingo esisemthethweni salokhu bhalisa ezifundweni zobudokotela inqobo nje uma inani eliphelele lamakhredithi adingekayo lifinyelelwa.
Inhlangano yezemfundo yamadigri e-master's enyuvesi
Amadigri enkosi asemthethweni aklanywe ngesakhiwo esilawulwa kakhulu. Umthwalo wayo wokufundisa usukela kumakhredithi angama-60 kuye kwayi-120 e-ECTSLokhu kulingana nonyaka owodwa noma emibili yesikhathi esigcwele yokufunda. Ikhredithi ngayinye ye-ECTS imele cishe amahora angama-25 omsebenzi womfundi (amakilasi, ukufunda, amaprakthikhali, ama-asayinimenti, nokuhlola).
Ikharikhulamu ihlanganisa izifundo eziyimpoqo, izifundo ozikhethela zona, amasemina, ama-internship angaphandle kanye ne-Master's Thesis (TFM)Le Thesis ye-Master, yocwaningo noma imvelo esetshenzisiwe, iphoqelekile ukuthola iziqu futhi imvamisa iyisiqephu esixhumanisa uhlelo nohlelo. ukuqhubeka okungenzeka ku-doctorate noma ngomkhuba osezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Ngokuqondene nabasebenzi bokufundisa, ithimba lokufundisa eliyinhloko liqukethe osolwazi basenyuvesi, ezimweni eziningi ama-PhD nabacwaningingerekhodi elisungulwe kahle ekuqeqesheni kwenkosi. Izinhlelo eziningi zibandakanya ochwepheshe bangaphandle, kepha imfuneko yokuthi iningi lobuhlakani libe ngabathweswe iziqu enyuvesi ingenye yeziqinisekiso zekhwalithi nokuhambisana nohlelo olusemthethweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba imayelana izifundo ezisemthethweni ezilawulwa nguNgqongqoshe kanye neMiphakathi EzizimeleIzintengo zomphakathi ngesikweletu ngasinye zisethwa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile, ngakho-ke, izindleko zivame ukuqukethwe kakhulu kunezinhlelo eziningi zezikole zebhizinisi eziphakeme.
Izidingo zokwamukelwa zeziqu ze-master's enyuvesi
Ukubhalisa kuhlelo lwenkosi olusemthethweni, kubalulekile ukubamba iziqu ezisemthethweni zasenyuvesi idigri (noma okulinganayo: amadigri e-bachelor's, amadiploma, amadigri onjiniyela, amadigri e-architecture) akhishwe ngaphakathi kwe-EHEA noma aye aqashelwa e-Spain uma evela ngaphandle kwe-EU.
Ngaphezu kweziqu zasenyuvesi, uhlelo ngalunye lungacacisa izindlela ezengeziwe: ubuncane bephuzu elimaphakathi, ukuhambisana kwedigri, ulwazi lwangaphambilini lobungcweti Emikhakheni ethile, ulwazi lolimi, incwadi yekhava, izingxoxo zomuntu siqu, noma ukuhlolwa okuthile kuyadingeka. Ezindaweni ezidingeka kakhulu (isibonelo, amadigri e-master's kwezemfundo, isayense yomtholampilo, noma imikhakha ethile yobunjiniyela), lezi zihlungi zivamile.
Mayelana neziqu ze-master ezifundiswa ngolunye ulimi, kuyodingeka okulandelayo gunyaza izinga elihambisanayo (B2, C1, njll.) ngezitifiketi ezisemthethweni noma ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamazwe ngamazwe noma lezo ezifundiswa ngesiNgisi ngokuphelele.
Uma umfundi esemukelwe, izifundo zabo zenkosi ezisemthethweni ziba ibhaliswe ku-RUCT (Registry of Universities, Centres and Degrees)lapho ukuvunyelwa kwekharikhulamu nezici zayo ezibalulekile kungaqinisekiswa khona esidlangalaleni.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokufundela iziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni
Phakathi kwamandla amakhulu eziqu ze-master's enyuvesi, kufanelekile ukugqamisa lokho Ijabulela ukuqashelwa ngokomthetho kuwo wonke amazwe e-EHEAngakho-ke iziqu zabo zithathwa njengezisemthethweni emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Lokhu kusiza i- ukuhamba kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezemfundo nobuchwepheshe, i-homologation noma ukulingana kwezifundo kanye nokufinyelela ezinhlelweni zokushintshana nokuhamba (Erasmus+, izivumelwano zamanyuvesi, njll.).
Enye inzuzo eyinhloko yi- ukufinyelela okuqondile kudokotelaInqubo ye-Bologna ibeka ukuthi, ukuze kuqalwe izifundo zobudokotela, okungenani amakhredithi angama-300 e-ECTS kufanele agcwaliswe phakathi kweziqu ze-bachelor kanye neziqu ze-masters, lezi zamuva ziqashelwa njalo ngokusemthethweni. Amadigri aqondene neNyuvesi, njengomthetho ojwayelekile, awabaleli ekutholeni ubudokotela.
Abafundi ababhalise ezinhlelweni ezisemthethweni bangafinyelela imifundaze kanye nosizo lomphakathi kusukela ku-Ministry of Education, the Autonomous Communities, kanye neminye imizimba yaseYurophu noma yamazwe ngamazwe. Lezi zibonelelo azivamisile ukumboza izinhlelo zenkosi eqondene nenyuvesi, ezixhaswa ngokuyinhloko ngemifundaze yangaphakathi noma izivumelwano nezinhlangano ezizimele.
Emkhakheni we izivivinyo ezincintisanayo zokufundisa kanye nezikhundla zezisebenzi zikahulumeniIziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni ziqashelwa ngokucacile kumbandela wokuhlola osuselwe kukufaneleka. Kokubili emiqhudelwaneni yokudlulisa kanye nasezivivinyweni ezincintisanayo (ezilawulwa, phakathi kokunye, nge-Royal Decree 276/2007 kanye nezichibiyelo zayo), amaphuzu athile anikezwa ngokubamba iziqu ezisemthethweni. kungabi yisidingo sokufinyelela esikhundleni, into engenzeki ngeziqu zakho.
Ithini i-master's degree noma i-continuing education master's degree?
Ngokungafani neziqu ze-master's enyuvesi, sithola ama- iziqu zakhe zenkosi noma ukuqeqeshwa unomphelaLezi izinhlelo ze-postgraduate eziklanywe futhi zagunyazwa ngokuqondile amanyuvesi nezikole zebhizinisi ekusebenziseni ukuzimela kwazo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokugunyazwa uMnyango noma ama-ejensi ekhwalithi enyuvesi yomphakathi.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi ziyizinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezisezingeni eliphansi; ngokuphambene, izikhathi eziningi banjalo izinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezixhumene nomkhakha webhizinisiLezi zinhlelo zinikeza okuqukethwe okusebenzayo, amathuluzi akamuva, nabafundisi abasebenza emkhakheni okuhloswe ngawo uhlelo lwenkosi. Ukugxila kwabo okuyinhloko cishe njalo... ukuqashwa ngokushesha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe.
Iziqu zobunikazi zifakiwe ngaphakathi kwalokhu okubizwa imfundo yaphakade, eqondiswe kwabafisayo ukwenza ngokukhethekile niche ethileukuthuthukisa amakhono ochwepheshe noma ukuthola amakhono amasha ngaphandle kokuphishekela ucwaningo noma iziqu zobudokotela. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi ziqu ze-master zithathwa ngenkathi kusebenza.
Kwezinye izimo, lezi ziqu ze-master ziyakuvumela gunyaza iziqu kwamanye amazwe ngeHague ApostilleLokhu kufakazela ubuqiniso besiginesha kanye nedokhumenti, kodwa akuwenzi amadigri asemthethweni noma akuqinisekise ukuqashelwa kwawo okuzenzakalelayo kwezemfundo phesheya.
Akhiwe kanjani iziqu ze-master
Ukuhlela uhlelo lwenkosi yakho kulula kakhulu. Ubude besikhathi kanye namakhredithi e-ECTS angahluka phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo nezinye, nakuba into evamile ukuthi nazo ziphakathi kwamakhredithi angu-60 no-120 noma, ngezinye izikhathi, zivezwa ngamahora okufundisa (isibonelo, amahora angu-600).
Izifundo ngokuvamile ziyahlangana Izifundo zethiyori ezixhumene kakhulu nokuzijwayeza, ama-workshops, amaphrojekthi wangempela, izifundo zecala kanye, imvamisa, ama-internship ezinkampanini.IThesis ye-Master nayo ivamile, kodwa ngokuvamile igxila kakhulu kuneya ocwaningweni: izinhlelo zebhizinisi, imiklamo yokubonisana, ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo, imikhankaso yokumaketha, njll.
Ngokuqondene nabasebenzi bokufundisa, ubuhlakani buvame ukwakhiwa ochwepheshe abakhuthele abanodumo olwaziwayo emkhakheni wabokanye nabanye abafundisi basenyuvesi. Le nhlanganisela iphumela emakilasini agxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke kwezinkampani, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi amanje, kanye nezitayela ezivelayo.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuvumelana nezimo, izikhungo zingakwazi buyekeza isilabhasi ngokushesha ukufaka ubuchwepheshe obusha, imithethonqubo, noma izindlela. Ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo njengokumaketha kwedijithali, idatha enkulu, i-cybersecurity, ulwazi lomsebenzisi, noma izindawo ezithile zokuphatha ibhizinisi, izinhlelo eziyisipesheli ze-master ngokuvamile ziyisinyathelo esingaphambili ngokokuqukethwe okusebenzayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlelo ze-master ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ingxenye eqinile ye inethiwekhi professionalIkhuthaza ukuthintana nabaphathi, osomabhizinisi kanye nochwepheshe abamenyiwe, ivule umnyango wamathuba emisebenzi, amaphrojekthi ahlanganyelwe kanye nokwandiswa kwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana.
Yiziphi izidingo zokungenela izinhlelo ze-master's enyuvesi?
Umehluko owodwa ophawulekayo phakathi kwamaphoyisa yi- izinga lokuguquguquka ekufinyeleleniYize izinhlelo eziningi ze-masters ezikhethekile zidinga iziqu zasenyuvesi, ezinye zivumela ukungena nge Ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi yezandla, idiploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu noma ulwazi lomsebenzi olugunyaziwe emkhakheni, inqobo nje uma ikomidi lokwamukelwa likubona kufanelekile.
Ngakho-ke, amaphrofayli angazange alandele indlela yasenyuvesi yakudala, kodwa ane- umlando womsebenzi oqinileBanethuba lokufinyelela ukuqeqeshwa okuthuthukile nokukhethekile kakhulu. Kuyinketho ekhangayo kakhulu kochwepheshe abasebenza abafisa ukuvuselela amakhono abo noma ukuthuthuka ngaphakathi kwenkampani yabo.
Amanye amanyuvesi nawo ayadinga ubuncane bezidingo zobude besikhathi (isb., okungenani 60 ECTS noma amahora angama-600), ukwakheka kwe-faculty, ukuba khona kwe-Master's Thesis noma ama-internship, njll., ukuze uhlelo lubizwe ngokuthi i-master's degree efanele.
Njengoba imithethonqubo ishiya inyuvesi ngayinye noma isikole sebhizinisi inkululeko enkulu, inkambo ehlakaniphe kakhulu yile buyekeza izimfuneko ezithile zohlelo ngalunye Futhi, uma unokungabaza, xhumana nesikhungo ngokuqondile ukuze uqinisekise umzila wokufinyelela ofanele iphrofayela yakho.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi, noma ngabe iziqu zivela enyuvesi eyaziwayo, Akabhalisiwe kuRejista Kazwelonke Yabafundi Abathweswe Iziqu Enyuvesi Esemthethweni futhi, ngakho-ke, ayinaso isimo esifanayo nesiqu seziqu zenyuvesi ngezinjongo zokuphatha.
Iziqu ze-University Master's vs. Iziqu ze-Master's professional: umehluko obalulekile
Ngemva kokuhlola izinombolo zombili ngokwehlukana, sekuyisikhathi sokuziqhathanisa nezinhlangothi. Uma sikhuluma ngobubanzi, umehluko omkhulu Umehluko phakathi kweziqu ze-master zasenyuvesi ezisemthethweni kanye neziqu ezizimele Bagxile kumthethonqubo, ukuqashelwa, ukufinyelela ezifundweni zobudokotela nezivivinyo ezincintisanayo, ukuguquguquka kwekharikhulamu, izidingo zokufinyelela, iphrofayili yobuhlakani, kanye nezindleko zohlelo.
Emkhakheni wezemfundo, iziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni ziphuma phambili ukuba semthethweni kwezomthetho, ukuthambekela kwayo ocwaningweni nakwiziqu zobudokotela kanye nokulingana kwayo okuphelele ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-EHEA. Izinga ngokwalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, liyakhanya kulo ukuguquguquka, ikhono lokuzivumelanisa nemakethe yezabasebenzi kanye nendlela esebenzayo evelele.
Ngokombono wokuqashwa kwezinkampani ezizimele, Akukho ukuvumelana okukhombisa ukuthi omunye uvula iminyango eminingi kunomunyeIzinkampani eziningi ziyasazisa isithunzi sesikole noma senyuvesi, okuqukethwe kohlelo, ulwazi lomuntu ongenele ukhetho kanye namakhono abo angempela kunokuba idigri isemthethweni noma iyimfihlo.
Lapho kunomehluko ocacile kusendaweni ye ukuhlolwa kokuncintisana kanye nokuphathwa komphakathiUkuze uthole amaphuzu okuqeqeshwa kwangaphambi kokuthweswa iziqu, ukufinyelela ezikhundleni zokufundisa, noma ezikhundleni ezithile zesifunda, zesifunda, noma zikahulumeni wasekhaya, kudingeka iziqu ezisemthethweni. Amadigri azimele abhekwa njengemfundo eqhubekayo futhi umthelela wawo ohlelweni lokushaya amaphuzu uvamise ukuba mncane noma ungabibikho.
Kukhona futhi ama-nuances abalulekile ku- ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikeleleNakuba amadigri e-master enyuvesi aqashelwa ngaphakathi kwe-EHEA futhi angalinganiswa kalula kwezinye izinhlelo, amadigri azimele ancike kakhulu ekuchazeni iziphathimandla zezwe okuyiwa kulo noma embonweni izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezinawo ngesikhungo esikhiphayo.
Okuqukethwe kanye nokuqondiswa kwezemfundo
Esifundweni se-master's enyuvesi, okuqukethwe kuvame ukuba kuningi ithiyori, ehlelekile futhi ehambisana namazinga esayensiIsiyalo sicutshungulwa ngokujula okukhulu ngendlela yezemfundo eyengeziwe, futhi isikhala sibekelwe izifundo zemethodical kanye nocwaningo, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezigxile ocwaningweni noma zeziqu zezemfundo.
Lezi zinhlelo ezisemthethweni zingaba nezindlela ezahlukene: iziqu zobungcweti, iziqu zenkosi yocwaningo, noma amadigri e-master's ahlukahlukene ezemfundoAbanye bagxila ekuhlinzekeni ngamakhono okuqhuba umsebenzi olawulwayo; abanye, ekuvuleni indlela yokuthola iziqu zobudokotela; nezinye zihlanganisa ubukhulu betiyori nesici esisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Izinhlelo eziyisipesheli ze-master, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibonisa ukuthambekela okucacile isicelo esiwusizo kuzilungiselelo zochwephesheNgokuvamile bahlanganisa amaphrojekthi okuhlanganyela nezinkampani, izifundo zezenzakalo zomhlaba wangempela, ukulingisa, namathuluzi asetshenziswa emisebenzini yansuku zonke yezinhlangano.
Ezinhlelweni zethu ezimbalwa, izinkampani ezikulo mkhakha zibamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwekharikhulamu, zigunyaze iziqu, noma zihlele ngokuhlanganyela uhlelo lwe-master, oluqinisa uhlelo lwezifundo. ukuxhumana phakathi kwalokho okufundwayo nalokho okufunwa yimaketheKuwumkhuba ojwayelekile ukubuyekeza okuqukethwe njalo ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa yisikhathi.
Ngamafuphi, uma okufunayo kuyi-a isisekelo esiqinile socwaningo, ukuthatha izivivinyo zokuncintisana, noma ukuphishekela umsebenzi wezemfundoIziqu ze-masters zisebenzela wena. Uma okubalulekile kwakho kuwukufanisa amathuluzi asebenzayo, onguchwepheshe endaweni yemakethe kanye nokukhiqiza abathintwayo Emkhakheni wakho, iziqu ze-masters ezikhethekile zingakunikeza lokho kanye.
Inqubo yokufinyelela komfundi namaphrofayili
Kuhlelo lwenkosi esemthethweni, imfuneko yokuqala icacile: ube neziqu zasenyuvesi ezisemthethweniUkusuka lapho, izinhlelo zingahlunga ngerekhodi lezemfundo, i-degree affinity, izivivinyo zokungena, noma izingxoxo. Ngakho-ke, iphrofayili yomfundi ejwayelekile imvamisa ukuthi ye abasanda kuthola iziqu noma abanesipiliyoni seminyaka embalwakanye nochwepheshe abafuna ukushintshela ekufundiseni, ocwaningweni noma ekuphathweni komphakathi.
Kuhlelo oluyisipesheli lwe-master, ububanzi bubanzi. Izikhungo eziningi zivuma zombili abaneziqu zasenyuvesi kanye nezingcweti ezinolwazi abangase bangabi nazo iziqu kodwa abanokuqeqeshwa kobuchwepheshe noma abanolwazi olunzulu kulo mkhakha. Lokhu kudala amaqembu ahlukene kakhulu ngokweminyaka, iphrofayili yobungcweti, kanye nezisusa.
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kungaba inzuzo enkulu: Kwabiwa ulwazi lwangempela lwebhizinisi, futhi amaphuzu okubuka ayaqhathaniswa. Futhi kudala ama-synergies phakathi kwabafundi abavela ezizindeni ezihlukene. Nokho, idinga indlela yokufundisa efanelekile ukuze kungabikho muntu osala ngemuva noma acikeke uma eseziqonda ezinye zezinto ezifundwayo.
Kulabo abangenazo iziqu zasenyuvesi kodwa abafuna ukuthatha izinga eliphezulu emsebenzini wabo, iziqu ezikhethekile ze-masters kanye nezinye iziqu ze-postgraduate (uchwepheshe, uchwepheshe, amadiploma e-postgraduate) ngokuvamile inketho engcono kakhulu. okuwukuphela kwendlela yokufinyelela ukuqeqeshwa kwaleli zinga.
Uma umgomo wakho kuyi-doctorate, noma kunjalo, ayikho indawo yokuxoxisana: indlela empeleni ihilela iziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni lokho kuqeda amakhredithi adingekayo kanye neziqu.
I-homologation yamazwe ngamazwe, ukuba semthethweni kanye nokuqashelwa
Mayelana nokuqashelwa, iziqu ze-master's zasenyuvesi zinamandla angenakuphikwa: Kusemthethweni, kugunyazwe ku-EHEA Futhi iziqu zabo ziqashelwa umthetho kuwo wonke amazwe ayingxenye yaleyo ndawo evamile. Lokhu akusho ukuthi azikho izinqubo kwezinye izimo, kodwa kusho ukuthi kunohlaka oluhlanganyelwe.
Lolu hlaka luncike kusethi yemithetho nezinhlangano: I-Royal Decree 1393/2007 kanye nezichibiyelo zayo, i-ANECA, i-RUCT, iRejista Kazwelonke Yabafundi Abathweswe Iziqu Enyuvesi Esemthethweni kanye nohlaka lwe-EHEA ngokwalo, olwavela kuNqubo ye-Bologna. Konke lokhu kunikeza isisekelo esiqinile esingokomthetho seziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni.
Iziqu zangasese, ngakolunye uhlangothi, azikho ohlwini lweziqu ezisemthethweni kulawa marejista futhi aziyona ingxenye yohlelo olulawulwa yi-ANECA. Ukuba semthethweni kunqunyelwe, ngokomthetho, kububanzi benyuvesi noma isikole esizikhiphayo kanye nokuhlonishwa abakuthola emakethe yezabasebenzi, ezweni lonke nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Ukuze usebenze phesheya, iziqu ze-master ezizimele zingathwala isisindo esikhulu uma zivela [esikhungweni esingashiwongo]. isikole noma inyuvesi ehlonishwa kakhuluNgoba izinkampani ziyawazisa umkhiqizo kanye nokuxhumana okuhlobene. Kodwa mayelana nokuqashelwa kwezemfundo, ukufinyelela ezinhlelweni zobudokotela, noma izivivinyo ezincintisanayo kwamanye amazwe, amathuba abo ngokuvamile aba mancane kunalawo eziqu ezisemthethweni.
Kwezinye izimo, izindlela ezinjengalezi ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa: I-Hague Apostille ukwenza kube semthethweni isiginesha yesihloko ngokwaso nokusisebenzisa kwamanye amazwe, nakuba lokhu kunganikezi isimo esisemthethweni kodwa kuqinisekisa ubuqiniso baso bedokhumentari.
Ubude besikhathi, intengo, kanye nemifundaze etholakalayo
Ngokuphathelene nobude besikhathi, womabili amadigri e-master asemthethweni nangasese Ngokuvamile zihluka phakathi kuka-60 no-120 ECTSUhlaka lwaseYurophu lusungula ukuthi izifundo eziphelele ze-masters zilingana namakhredithi angama-60, okungukuthi, cishe amahora ayi-1.500 omsebenzi wabafundi.
Umehluko omkhulu kakhulu uvame ukuba ngentengo. Iziqu ze-master zasenyuvesi ezisemthethweni zine amanani omphakathi ngesikweletu ngasinye esibekwe Imiphakathi Ezizimele ngaphakathi kobubanzi obusungulwe ezingeni lesifundazwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, nakuba kukhona ukuhluka phakathi kwezifunda namanyuvesi, izindleko zihlala zingaphakathi kwemikhawulo ethile.
Iziqu zobunikazi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, Bazimele ngokuphelele Futhi ngamanyuvesi noma izikole zebhizinisi ezibeka amanani azo ngokukhululeka. Ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile kakhulu, ezinoprofesa abahlonishwayo noma ezihloselwe abaphathi abakhulu, imali yokufunda ingaba phezulu kakhulu, ifinyelele izibalo eziphezulu kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo eziphezulu ze-MBA.
Mayelana nemifundaze, umehluko nawo ucacile. imifundaze ejwayelekile evela eMnyangweni Wezemfundo kanye nezibonelelo eziningi zomphakathi Zihloselwe ngokukhethekile izifundo ezisemthethweni (ama-bachelor's, master's, futhi, ngokwezinga elincane, iziqu zobudokotela), ngaphandle kwamadigri aqondene nenyuvesi. Okwakamuva kuncike... izinhlelo zangaphakathi zokufunda, izaphulelo ezisekelwe kuphrofayela, izivumelwano nezinkampani, noma uxhaso lwezimali lwasebhange.
Uma umkhawulo wezomnotho unzima futhi uhlangabezana nezidingo zokufaka isicelo sosizo lukahulumeni, Iziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni zivame ukufinyeleleka kalula sibonga inhlanganisela yamanani alawulwayo kanye nemifundaze yomphakathi.
Amathuba emisebenzi, izivivinyo zokuncintisana kanye nokufinyelela ezifundweni zobudokotela
Ezimbonini ezizimele, Umugqa phakathi kokusemthethweni nokuyimfihlo uba lufifiKubaqashi abaningi, izici ezibaluleke kakhulu yikhwalithi ecatshangwayo yohlelo, amakhono umuntu ozobhalwa ngawo, ulwazi lwangaphambilini, nesithunzi sesikhungo. Iziqu ze-master's esikoleni esihlonishwayo zingathwala isisindo esiningi noma esingaphezulu kwesasemthethweni, kuye ngomkhakha.
Kodwa-ke, emikhakheni yenkonzo yomphakathi kanye nezemfundo, iziqu ze-master ezisemthethweni zinezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa. Yiyo yodwa leyo Inikeza ukufinyelela ezifundweni zobudokotela. (kanye neziqu eziqeda amakhredithi angama-300 ECTS) kanye nalelo elaziwa ngokuthi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwezemfundo ezimisweni zokuhlolwa zokuncintisana kanye nemincintiswano yokufundisa noma yokuphatha.
Amadigri angasese ayaziswa, uma kunjalo, njenge ukuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa noma ukufaneleka okwengeziwengenani eliphansi neliguquguqukayo kuye ngocingo oluthile lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Kwezinye izinqubo, azinakwa, ngakho-ke uma uhlose ukufaka isicelo sokuhlolwa okuncintisanayo, kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela izidingo futhi ukhethe ukuthola iziqu ezisemthethweni lapho imithetho iyincoma.
Mayelana nocwaningo, amadigri enkosi yasenyuvesi anomumo wocwaningo aklanyelwe ngqo ukwethula umfundi emisebenzini yocwaningo lwesayensiUkuphathwa komthombo, ukuklama kwephrojekthi, nokubhala kwezemfundo. Lokhu kubenza babe yisitebhisi esingokwemvelo sokuya kudokotela kanye nomsebenzi wasenyuvesi noma wocwaningo.
Izinhlelo ze-masters ezikhethekile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibeka phambili amakhono asebenza ngokuqondile emsebenziniUkuphathwa kweqembu, amathuluzi edijithali, izindlela ezidala, amasu okuxoxisana, njll. Lezi inketho ekhethwayo yalabo abafuna ukuthuthukisa isikhundla sabo samanje, ukushintsha imikhakha, noma ukuthuthukela ezikhundleni zomthwalo omkhulu.
Ungakhetha kanjani phakathi kweziqu ze-master's zasenyuvesi kanye neziqu zangasese ngokwenhloso yakho
Kuleli qophelo, umbuzo omkhulu uthi: Iluphi uhlobo lweziqu ze-master olufaneleka kangcono ezinhlosweni zami? Impendulo incike ezicini ezimbalwa: noma ngabe ufuna ukwenza izivivinyo ezincintisanayo, wenze ucwaningo, usebenze phesheya, ukhuphuke ileli enkampanini yakho yamanje, uqondise kabusha umsebenzi wakho, noma umane uthole amakhono amasha ngendlela evumelana nezimo.
Uma uqinisekile ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi uzofuna Yenza iPhD, uzinikele ekwenzeni ucwaningo, ufundise ezingeni lasenyuvesi noma ukuthatha izivivinyo ezithile zokuncintisana (ikakhulukazi kwezemfundo, ezempilo noma ezobulungiswa), iziqu ze-master's zasenyuvesi ziba yisimo esidingekayo.
Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umgomo wakho oyinhloko uwukuthi Gxumela ngokushesha embonini ezimele, gxila endaweni eyi-niche (ukumaketha kwedijithali, isayensi yedatha, ukuxhumana kwezemidlalo, ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi, ezokuvakasha, njll.) noma ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi nezifundo ngohlelo oluvumelaniswe kakhulu neqiniso lebhizinisi, iziqu ze-masters zingakunikeza inani elisebenzayo.
Kuphinde kube ukhiye ukugcina eyakho isimo sezemfundo sangaphambiliniUma ungakabi nazo iziqu, iminyango yohlelo lwenkosi esemthethweni ivaliwe; iziqu ze-master's ezizimele noma izifundo zeziqu zobungcweti zingase zibe inketho engokoqobo yokuqhubeka nemfundo yakho ezingeni eliphezulu kuyilapho ugcina umsebenzi wakho wobungcweti.
Noma ngabe yiluphi uhlobo lweziqu ze-master olikhethayo, into enqumayo ngempela kuzoba yileso Hlaziya ngokucophelela ikharikhulamu, ubuhlakani, ama-internship, inethiwekhi yoxhumana nabo, nokuthi uhlelo luhambisana kahle kangakanani nephrojekthi yakho yempilo.Noma ngabe isemthethweni noma iyimfihlo, iziqu ezinhle ze-master kufanele zikusize ukhule, uvule iminyango, futhi wakhe ukuzethemba kwakho emkhakheni wakho.
Konke kuza phansi ekuqondeni ifomethi yohlelo lwenkosi nemigomo yakho ethile: Uma ufuna ukuqashelwa ezifundweni, indlela eya kwiziqu zobudokotela, kanye namaphuzu ezivivinyweni zokuncintisana, iziqu ze-master's zasenyuvesi ziyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo; uma ubeka phambili ukuzijwayeza okujulile, ubuchwepheshe obusheshayo, nokuxhumana nezinkampani, iziqu ze-master ezizimele ngokuvamile ziyinketho engcono kakhulu..
