thatha inkomishi yekhofi ingaletha izinzuzo emzimbeni, noma uma siyisebenzisa kabi, ingaba yingozi kithi. Sesike saxoxa ngalokhu ezihlokweni ezedlule, kodwa ngaphandle kwalokho ikhofi elingasenzela khona, liphinde libe nomthelela emvelweni.
Esihlokweni sanamuhla sizobona Ukuvunwa nokuvuna ikhofi kuyithinta kanjani imvelo?.
Kithina, abaseSpain, a indebe yekhofi Akukaze kube "nje" inkomishi yekhofi. Kuyizaba zokuba nengxoxo nomngane noma osebenza naye, iqembu lesidlo sasekuseni, uhlobo oluthile lwesiko lomphakathi. Kodwa-ke, konke esikwenzayo kunomthelela emvelweni, futhi lesi siphuzo esihlonishwayo emphakathini sinjalo. Asibone Uyini umthelela wemvelo wekhofi futhi yini esingayenza ukuze siwunciphise?
Amaphilisi nama-wrappers: ungawalahla kanjani?
e 2021 I-AstraRicerche wenze ucwaningo ngale ndaba. ibe 97 % yabaxoxisana nabo wathi badla ikhofi noma iziphuzo ezinekhofi okungenani ngezikhathi ezithile. U-72,5% uyibheka njengenye yezinjabulo zokuphila, kanti u-75% uyibheka njengephuzu eliqinile le-Made in Spain. Ngemuva kwalolu bhubhane, futhi ngokwezibalo, abantu bakithi sebephinde bathola injabulo yokuhlangana endaweni yokucima ukoma. Lezo izaba ezinhle, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi amakhofi angama-57 kwangu-100 ayadliwa ekhaya. Ngamanye amazwi, singabathengi bekhofi kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo.
Amaphilisi kanye imithamo eyodwa Manje seziphenduke indlela ekhethwayo yokulungiselela ikhofi kubantu baseSpain, bathola u-43% wezinto abazithandayo (+3,6% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020) futhi ngaleyo ndlela bedlula ibhodwe le-moka lakudala, lehle ngo-5,7% ngonyaka owodwa. Futhi lapha sithola inkinga yokuqala enkulu yezemvelo: ukulahlwa kwemfucuza.
Okokuqala, kufanele kwenziwe umehluko phakathi kwemithamo eyodwa nama-capsules:
- Las i-monodose kuze kube namuhla, cishe zonke ziyakwazi ukuvundisa noma zibola futhi ngenxa yalokho zingalahlwa engxenyeni emanzi yemfucuza;
- I-Las amaphilisi, ngokuphambene nalokho, zenziwa de ipulasitiki noma i-aluminium. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angawashwa noma ahlakazwe, futhi singawayisa endaweni yokulahla udoti ukuze alahlwe ngendlela ephephile, noma singawabuyisela ezitolo eziphethe ukulahlwa kwala maphilisi. Inkinga uma zilahlwa ngokuxhamazela, ngoba zigcina sezigcwele izindawo zokulahla imfucuza, ngebhadi yikho okujwayele ukwenzeka.
Amanzi angcoliswe i-caffeine ephuma ekhofini
Naphezu kokuthandwa okukhulayo kwama-capsules kanye nemithamo eyodwa, abantu baseSpain abangaphezu koyedwa kwabathathu bayaqhubeka nokuba abalandeli be-mocha yomdabu; Eqinisweni, i-31,5% yabathengi bekhofi. Lokhu akumangazi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ithathwa njengesixazululo esishibhe kakhulu futhi esinobungani bemvelo, uma kubhekwa ukuthi ayikhiqizi udoti omningi njengamanye amafomethi. Kodwa ingabe siyaqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kunjalo?
Ucwaningo olusanda kushicilelwa kujenali yesayensi Amapena ibeka isiqiniseko sethu esikhohlisayo esikalini. Abacwaningi baqaphe izindawo zokusampula eziyi-1052 ku-258 imifula ezifundazweni ezingu-104, ezimele indawo okuhlala kuyo abantu abayizigidi ezingu-471,4.
Ukuyofuna ukungcola nge izinto zemithi ithole ezintathu ezinokugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kunabanye: i-carbamazepine (i-molecule ye-anticonvulsant), metformin (i-antidiabetic) kanye ikhofi. Impela, leyo nto ekhona ngokwemvelo ekhofini futhi isinika lezo zimfanelo ezivuselelayo esizazisa kakhulu.
Iphutha imikhuba yethu emibi...
Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba kukhona isiko lika phonsa impushana yekhofi esele kusihlungi se-mocha kusinki. Izinhlelo zokuhlanza zesimanje kakhulu ziyakwazi ukuhlunga izinsalela eziningi ezikhona emanzini, kodwa hhayi zonke. Bese kuba naleyo 5% engagaywanga umzimba kodwa ikhishwe emchameni. Amaphesenti amancane okuthi, nokho, aphindwe ngezinkulungwane nezinkulungwane zezikhathi, abe nesisindo esikhulu.
Inkinga ukuthi i-caffeine bioaccumulates ku-microalgae, inhlanzi, amakhorali nama-mollusks, ngemiphumela eyahlukene kufaka phakathi ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative, neurotoxicity, iziyaluyalu zokuzala kanye ne-metabolic. Kwezinye izimo Kungaholela ekufeni kwakho.
Lesi yisizathu esihle kakhulu sokukhumbula njalo phonsa impushana yekhofi engxenyeni emanzi yemfucuza. Kukhona nalabo abayisebenzisa njenge Umanyolo, kodwa kuphela izitshalo ezithanda inhlabathi ene-asidi (njenge-azaleas, i-camellias, amajikijolo, i-basil) kodwa futhi nemifino enamaqabunga aluhlaza.
Ikhofi linomthelela kanjani ekugawulweni kwamahlathi?
Kuze kube manje sikhulume ngomthengi wangemuva, kodwa uma sibuyela ekuqaleni kochungechunge lokukhiqiza, ikhofi ingaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo. Ukugxila kulolu daba sithole umbiko wakamuva we-WWF onesihloko esithi " Lingakanani ihlathi olidlile, ulisebenzisile noma uligqokile namuhla? ".
Umuntu uyabhubhisa Ihlathi lase-Amazon ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuthola izinkuni nokubhekelela ukutshalwa kwezimpahla zokudla kwezolimo, ezithunyelwa kakhulu emazweni angaphandle. Ukusetshenziswa e-European Union kunesibopho se-10% ye- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi emhlabeni jikelele.
Phakathi kwale mikhiqizo ye-agri-food kukhona ikhofi:
Namuhla, izikhwama eziyizigidi ezingu-169 zikhiqizwa emhlabeni minyaka yonke. U-80% waleli nani elikhulu lekhofi uwumphumela wokusebenza kwe 20 million abakhiqizi abancane, ngokuvamile ezimweni zobumpofu: yenzuzo ephelele engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-100 zamaRandi ngonyaka, empeleni, nakuba zingase zibonakale ziyizibalo eziphakeme kakhulu, ziyimvuthuluka kuphela.
Kodwa kusekuningi: ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo somhlaba wonke, ukukhiqizwa kwekhofi kufanele kuphindwe kathathu ngo-2050, futhi amaphesenti angu-60 endawo ezodingeka manje isimbozwe ihlathi. Okusho ukuthi, le ndawo izogawulwa ukuze kutshalwe ikhofi.
Ngeke kudingeke ukuthi kubhekwe njengokugawulwa kwamahlathi kodwa abantu banjalo
Ngokwako, ukugawula izihlahla bekungeke kube yimpoqo: ekulinyweni kwendabuko, izihlahla zisibekela izihlahla zekhofi, ngendlela ye-agroforestry. Nokho, emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, izitshalo ziye zayiswa elangeni eligcwele futhi zaphathwa nge izindlela zesimanje ze-agro-industrial. Ngakho ukudela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo egameni lokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, singakwazi kanjani ukufaka isandla, noma singahlosile, ohlelweni lokukhiqiza olunyathela amalungelo abasebenzi nendawo ezungezile? Ukuvumelana okuhle ukukhetha amabhrendi Ukuhweba Okufanelekile, ngoba ziqinisekisa ukulandeleka komkhiqizo kanye nesinxephezelo esifanelekile kubakhiqizi. Imikhiqizo ekhetha ukutshalwa ngokwesiko nalapho abasebenzi banamathuba afanayo nakweminye imisebenzi.