Unkulunkulukazi wamaBuddha Ovikelayo
UbuBuddha buhambisana nemfundiso yefilosofi nengokomoya, futhi abaningi bubhekwa njengendlela eyiyo yokufundisa eyasetshenziswa uBuddha. Kwabaningi, kubhekwa njengenkolo kodwa futhi kuyinhlangano yefilosofi eneqoqo lemibono yokufinyelela inkululeko yabantu ngokwengqondo. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokusebenzisa ukuzindla, inkululeko, kanye nomthandazo ukuze bathole ukukhanyiselwa ngokomoya abasekelwe ekulandeleni uNkulunkulu othile noma unkulunkulu othile.
UbuBuddha iyinkolelo yomsuka wamaHindu eyaqala ngezindlela zokuvakashela uBuddha ayezenza, edlulisela izimfundiso ezihlukahlukene zokuhlakanipha kulo lonke elaseNdiya. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuBuddha baba enye yezinkolo ezilandelwa kakhulu eNdiya futhi njengamanje bujabulela ukuthandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, busebenzisa izinhlobo ezintathu zemisinga eyaziwa ngokuthi iTerevada (amagagasi amadala nezinkolelo zasendulo), i-Mahyana (isebenzisa izimfundiso njengendlela yokuqinisekisa) kanye ne-Vajrayana (umkhuba wamanje kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa konkulunkulu nama-mantras).
Phakathi kwabanye bonkulunkulu abagqama eBuddhism njengonkulunkulukazi oyisivikelo, uTara uyagqama, unkulunkulukazi oyisivikelo wamaBuddha, ohambelana nonkulunkulu wesifazane ovela emgudwini weVajrayana, ohlobene ngokuphelele nobuTantric Buddhism. I-Tara isho umsindisi nomvikeli, ubhekwa futhi njengomama wenkululeko, futhi umelela izici ezinhle okufanele zisetshenziswe empumelelweni yomsebenzi kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene. I-Tara imele igama elijwayelekile leqoqo lamaBuddha elethula izici ezifanayo, lilandelwa kakhulu ubuBuddha baseTibet.
Izinhlobo Eziyinhloko zeBuddhism
UbuBuddha buye babonakala njengenhlangano yenkolo nefilosofi enezithombe eziningi, enenani elikhulu lamathempeli nezigodlo ezinezithombe nezindonga ezimbozwe ngemidwebo ehlukahlukene, egqamisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zikaBuddha ngokuphathelene nezinkolelo nokuthambekela. Phakathi kwazo kunezithombe zikankulunkulukazi wamaBuddha ovikelayo, uTara, onezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezindlela ezilandelwa kabanzi, ezihlonishwayo neziyaziwayo Ake sazi ezinye zazo.
- U-Śyāmatārā (Umsindisi Omnyama): Waziwa nangokuthi i-Green Tara, ezethula njengomsebenzi okhanyiselwe futhi ongasekela ukunqoba izithiyo ezihlukahlukene, okungesinye sezithombe ezilandelwa kakhulu nezihlonishwayo.
- I-Sitatārā (UMsindisi Omhlophe), owaziwa nangokuthi i-White Tara, ihlonishwa kakhulu kanye ne-Green Tara, emele ububele, ukuzola nokuphulukisa, futhi ifunwa kakhulu ngokuthwala isondo lokugcwalisa isifiso (Chinta-Chakra).
- I-Kurukulla: iphinde ibonise igama le-Red Tara, elibizwa ngokuthi ukwethula isici esinobudlova, esihlotshaniswa ngokuphelele namandla okuheha imali kanye nombhangqwana.
- I-Black Tara: Ubhekwa njengomuntu othukuthele, ohlobene ngokuphelele namandla.
- I-Tara Ephuzi: ibhekwa njengokhula lwengcebo kanye nokuchuma.
- I-Blue Tara: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Ekajati, ehlotshaniswa ngokugcwele nokudluliselwa kwentukuthelo.
- I-Chintámani Tara: ingadideka, isetshenziswe kakhulu ku-Tantra Yoga isetshenziswa kakhulu e-Tibetan Buddhism, ingadideka ne-Green Tara.
- U-Khadirevani Tara: Waziwa nge-Tara yasehlathini lase-Acacia, owavela eNingizimu ye-India.
Izikole zaseTibet zinesibopho sokukhombisa ukuthi kunezibalo ezimele uTara ezingama-21, zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemisebenzi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezi-4 ezivezwa ngemibala yazo: eyokuqala i-Peacemaker (White Tara), eyesibili njengokhushulwayo (Yellow Tara), eyesithathu njengomnqobi (i-Tara Ebomvu) neyesine njengowothukuthele (i-Black Tara). Zibhekwa njengezigaba eziyinhloko izibalo zikaTara ezinazo.
Ukuvela njengoNkulunkulu wamaBuddha
UBuddha umelela igama lesiSanskrit elisho “ovusiwe,” elihambisana nendoda eyadela ukuzijabulisa kokuphila ukuze izinikele ekuzindleni nasekusizeni abampofu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wafinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu lokuhlakanipha elaziwa ngokuthi iNirvana futhi ngalokho waqala inqubo yokuhambela eNdiya ukuze achaze ukunyakaza kwamanje kweBuddhism. Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, ubuBuddha baba inkolo kulo lonke elaseNdiya, kwakhiwa izithombe nezikhumbuzo egameni lakhe, ezinye zazo ezihlanganisa noTara.
KuBuddhism baseTibet, uTara umelela uBuddha wesifazane kodwa futhi uyingxenye yomfanekiso weBuddhism. Kunezindaba ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo mayelana noTara; Phakathi kwabo, kuyavela ukuthi wazalwa ngenxa yokukhala kukaChenrezing (uBuddha wobubele). Lo Buddha uthweswe icala lokuqondisa bonke abantu ngaphandle kwe-samsara, kodwa ngesinye isikhathi wezwa amandla akhe eba buthaka ngenxa yobunzima bokuqondisa umuntu ngamunye; Nokho, waba nesihawu esikhulu kangangokuthi waqala ukubakhalela.
Lapho eqala ukukhala, wezwa ubuhlungu obukhulu nozwelo kubantu lapho lezo zinyembezi zifika phansi, kwavela uTaras omhlophe noluhlaza, owameseka futhi wamnika amandla okufeza umsebenzi wakhe. Ngakho-ke, enkolelweni yaseTibet, uTara uthathwa njalo ekuseni njengomama kaBuddha, onomthwalo wemfanelo wokuqondisa zonke izidalwa ezikhanyisiwe.
UTara ubhekwa njengomsindisi, lapho ebonakala khona njengonkulunkulu ophethe ukulalela zonke izililo zabantu noma abantu abazwa ubuhlungu noma usizi eSamsara (umjikelezo wokuphila omelela ukuzalwa, ukuphila nokufa). Maphakathi nekhulu lesi-6, wamukelwa uMbuso WasePala waba yiqembu lamaBuddha, umqaphela njengeBodhisattva (indlela kaBuddha), ethola igama likankulunkulukazi ongumama kanye nezinye izethulo ezine.
Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwe-Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra, zihambisana neqoqo lemibhalo eyamukelwa yi-Mahayana Buddhist yamanje, lapho kuboniswa khona isimiso sowesifazane nalapho ukubonakala kokuqala kukaTara kubonakala njengomama wokuhlakanipha okuphelele futhi kamuva bamethula njengozwela oluphelele, futhi ebonisa njengonina wabo bonke oBuddha, okungenye yegama elihlonishwayo elisetshenziswa kabanzi, elisetshenziswa kabanzi.
Izinkulumo ezihlukene zalo nkulunkulukazi wamaBuddha ovikelayo zihlobene ngokuphelele nezimfanelo zomama ezihlobene ngokuqondile nobubele nesihe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uTara waba unkulunkulu ojwayeleke kakhulu kubantu ngenxa yokukhulekela kwakhe kalula ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezindela, ikakhulukazi kubantu abavamile baseNdiya, ethandwa kakhulu futhi ehlonishwa kakhulu maphakathi nekhulu lesi-7. Igcinwe ngokushisa okukhulu e-Tibet naseMongolia, isithombe esijwayeleke kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi baso.
UTara njengoMsindisi
Isithombe sikaTara sibhekwa njengenye yezinkulumo zamaBuddha ezinokuxhumana okukhulu kakhulu kwabesifazane, kubhekwa njengenye yezikhuthazo zabesifazane zendawo yonke kanye nesithombe sakhe njengoMama Womusa. Umkhuba walo nkulunkulu uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuzalwa kobubele futhi uhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa i-karma embi engahlupha abantu abahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izinga layo elidlulele kanye nezici zimelela futhi zithandwa kakhulu.
Kulokhu, uGreen Tara ugqamile, obhekele ukunikeza usizo kanye nokuvikela okuhlukahlukene kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimo ezingaba yishwa ku-Samsara yabantu. Endabeni ka-White Tara, ubonakala ngokubonisa njalo uthando lukamama kanye nemizwa ehlukahlukene yobubele, ngakho-ke, unesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngokuphulukisa izidalwa ezihlukene ezilimele, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Endabeni ye-Red Tara, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Kurukula, i-tara ehlobene nokuqaphela futhi inesibopho sokubandlulula izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene ezidaliwe futhi iguqule isifiso esiluhlaza sibe uthando lweqiniso nozwelo. Kukhona neBlue Tara, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Ekayati, ebonakala ngokwethula amandla aguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi anolaka, asetshenziswa kabanzi ukucekela phansi izithiyo, futhi egqama njengomvikeli wozalo lukaNyingma, oluhambisana nabafundisi bokuqala beBuddhism eTibet.
I-Tara njenge-Tantric Divinity
Izici zikaTara njengomsindisi zihlanganisa izici eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ezigqamisa kakhulu uthando lwakhe ngesintu nokuzinikela kwakhe esintwini. Kunezindaba ezihlukahlukene ezimhaqa ngezimfanelo eziyingqayizivele, futhi kunezinganekwane ezihlukahlukene ezimmelela njengonkulunkulu we-tantric, omele umkhuba womzimba, owaziwa ngokuthi ithrekhi esheshayo futhi ubhekwa njengephuzu lapho uBuddha azuza khona ukukhanyiselwa okukhulu kakhulu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu uthathwa njengobunkulunkulu be-yoga, ikakhulukazi inguqulo ye-Kurukula (i-Red Tara).
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezindaba ezihlukanisiwe; Kulokhu, wayebhekwa njengonkulunkulu ngenxa kaPadmasambhava, Yeshe Tsogyal (Indlovukazi Yechibi Nokuhlakanipha). Indoda yacela indlovukazi yechibi nokuhlakanipha ukuba imfihlele ingcebo enkulu; Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ingcebo yaphinde yatholwa, futhi ubungcwele besikhathi baphindukuzalwa e-Sakya Trizin futhi lowo mlayezo waphinde wadluliselwa ngempumelelo ebungcweleni baleso sikhathi, wawusakaza kubafundi abahlukahlukene baseNtshonalanga.
Imikhuba Engokomoya
KuBuddhism, ama-sadhana aziwa kakhulu, ahambisana njengendlela yokufeza okuthile okuqondile, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi umkhuba we-yogic, lapho ubhekisela emiyalweni ehlukahlukene esetshenziselwa ukwenza umkhuba othile. Umgomo oyinhloko uwukuthola ukuqonda okungokomoya kanye nokukhanyiselwa. Phakathi kweminye yemikhuba yayo evamile ukuzindla kanye nokucula amazwi ashiwo amazwi ashiwo unkulunkulu othile.
Kulokhu kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ku-Vajrayana Buddhism i-Yidam yesiphetho isetshenziswa, ukuba yisici njengomuntu okhanyiselwe, okugxilwe kakhulu kokuzindla okungase kusetshenziselwe osebenzayo, ngamafuphi, kuhambisana nobunkulunkulu umuntu azindla ngaye. Endabeni yabasebenzi nabalandeli, banesibopho sokusebenzisa i-Tara njenge-yidam emisebenzini yabo ehlukahlukene ye-sadhana, noma ngabe yinde kakhulu noma emifushane.
Imvamisa, isethi yemithandazo isetshenziselwa ukucela noma ukwenza ubukhona bukankulunkulu bukhona, ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza ingoma njenge-mantra yayo, khona-ke ubunkulunkulu kufanele bubukezwe ngokulandelana, kuleli cala uTara, ngombala kanye nefomu elifanele ofisa ukulibiza, ngoba uhlobo ngalunye lweTara lunophawu oluvelele nomsebenzi.
Khona-ke umuntu kufanele aqhubeke nokusho ukufaneleka futhi azinikezele kuphela kunkulunkulu okhethwe yilowo nalowo wabantu abazizwa bedinga izifiso. Amanye ama-sadhana kankulunkulu u-Tara angathathwa njengezenzo zokuvula noma zokuqala zalokho okuyinkolelo yama-Vajrayana Buddhist. Lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma unombono omuhle wobunkulunkulu ukuze ube nezimfundiso eziphakeme ezihlobene ngokuphelele nobuBuddha.
Ukubaluleka
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngesikhathi sokudalwa kwalo nkulunkulukazi wamaBuddha ovikelayo njenge-Yidam yomkhuba, ngesikhathi sokuqalwa, kufanele abonakale njengeqiniso, kodwa futhi njenganoma yimuphi omunye umbono wengqondo, okwenza kube nesidingo sokuphinda amazwi abhalwe phansi futhi akubone ngeso lengqondo njengesithombe sobubele nokuhlakanipha. Ngemva kwesikhathi sokuzijwayeza, kufanele wabelane ngezinye zezimfanelo ubuwena obunomthwalo wokuzimelela.
Uma lezi zinhlobo zokuxhuma sezithuthukisiwe, ziba ezingenakuhlukaniswa ne-yidam, futhi isikhathi ngasinye lapho kwenziwa i-sadhana, iba namandla kakhulu futhi ibanzi, ifuna ukukhombisa ngokusobala, ukuphuma kwezimfanelo ezihlukahlukene ezifana nothingo, njalo unobunkulunkulu u-Tara njengombono futhi ulahla "I" evamile.
Ekugcineni, inhloso iwukuba ukwazi ukuba munye nonkulunkulu futhi uncibilike efomini elidaliwe, elingathathwa ngokuthi “umuntu siqu” kodwa odalwe ngokusekelwe engqondweni futhi angase antule noma yikuphi ukuphila kwesikhathi eside, okukhona kuphela ngenkathi ukuqeqeshwa nokuzindla nokuzilolonga kuye kwenziwa. Ngalesi sigaba sokuzindla, udokotela uyakwazi ukusondela ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene, okuvumela ukuxhumana ne-void, kodwa futhi nokukhanya.
Lolu hlobo lokuzijwayeza lunezinjongo ezahlukahlukene, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lungokomoya ukusungula ukuxhumana okuthile nonkulunkulu, kodwa luphinde lusetshenziselwe ukuvula amafindo e-chakra noma olwaziwa nangokuthi izikhungo ezihlukene zemilingo, konke lokhu ukuze ukwazi ukuvumela amandla ageleze kuwo wonke umzimba ngendlela efanele futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, konke lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukuthuthuka ngendlela ejulile futhi ethuthuke kakhulu.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPjvxWi4ewE
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-sadhana kaTara ingaba izenzakalo ezingabonakali ngokuphelele ezenziwa ngezenzakalo zangaphakathi kodwa futhi zangaphandle. Kunezifundo ezehlukene ezigxile ekuboniseni ukwenzeka okwenzekayo, phakathi kwazo i-Divine Yoga ebhalwe i-Dalai Lama igqamayo, enesibopho sokubonisa imikhuba ehlukahlukene ye-tantric isebenzisa ama-yidam ahlukahlukene.
Kunemiphumela eminingana lapho kusetshenziswa i-Tara njenge-yidam, phakathi kwayo singagqamisa ukuncishiswa kwamandla anoma iyiphi i-karma engemihle empilweni yomuntu, engathonya izifo, ikhiqize izinhlungu ezihlukene futhi ilethe izithiyo ekuphileni kwabo, konke lokhu kucwila emanzini. isimo sobumnyama, ngokusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuhlangenwe nakho izimo ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle ezingalimaza usuku nosuku lwanoma yimuphi umuntu ziyathuthukiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase futhi kube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimo zengqondo zabasebenzi futhi kusize ekuhlanzeni imigudu ehlukene yemilingo, okuvumela ukuphana ukuzolisa umoya nokuhlanza ingqondo. Ngale ndlela, imizwelo yobubele, ukupha, nothando ikhuthazwa ukuba igeleze isuka enhliziyweni, ivule yonke imigudu.
Imithandazo kuTara
Isithombe sikaTara sibhekwa njengenye yezinkulumo zamaBuddha ezinokuxhumana okukhulu kakhulu kwabesifazane, kubhekwa njengenye yezikhuthazo zabesifazane zendawo yonke kanye nesithombe sakhe njengoMama Womusa. Umkhuba walo nkulunkulu uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuzalwa kobubele futhi uhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa i-karma embi engahlupha abantu abahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izinga layo elidlulele kanye nezici zimelela futhi zithandwa kakhulu.
Kunenani elikhulu lemikhuleko nemikhuleko ephakanyiselwe kuTara ephindaphindwa ngezikhathi zokuzindla, eminye edume kakhulu yile ebekwe ngezansi:
Mhlonishwa uTara, ngiyakuncenga, wena kanye nethimba lakho,
ukuthi ukhumbule ngothando isithembiso sakho sesikhathi esedlule
futhi ngikhulule ukwesaba kwami kanye nokwazo zonke izidalwa.
Ixosha isimo sengqondo esimnyama lapho sibhekene nobunzima.
Kwangathi izimo ezivumelanayo zingachuma
futhi usinike ama-siddhi avamile naphakeme kakhulu ['amandla engqondo'].
om tare tu tare ture soja.
Tara Kuan Yin
UBuddha uyisithombe esiyinhloko esilandelwa ubuBuddha, futhi kukhona isethi enkulu yezethulo ezihambisana nezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene nezethulo ezilandelwa imisinga yamaBuddha Phakathi kwazo, uTara Kwan Yin ugqamile, ohambisana nenye yezinhlobo zamaBuddha wesifazane ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezilandelwa ububele babo obukhulu.
Unenani elikhulu labalandeli abakholelwa ukuthi uTara Kwan Yin wafinyelela isikhashana sokukhanyiselwa futhi wanquma ukuthi akakwazi ukukwamukela, ngoba wayefuna ukuhlala nabantu futhi ngaleyo ndlela akwazi ukubasiza ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele umphefumulo wabo. Ngenxa yakho konke lokhu, uReiki wazalwa ohlwini lozalo olukhethekile olwaziwa ngokuthi uKun-Li, lolu hlu lozalo lwaziwa kakhulu ngezinhlelo zalo ezihlukahlukene lapho uTara Kwan Yin ephakathi nendawo, engumfanekiso oyinhloko wazo zonke izimfundiso zayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkulumo ezikhethekile noma amasiko asetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukunxusa okulungile kuka-Tara Kwan Yin owaziwa ngokuthi om tare tuttare ture suajá. Ngalolu hlobo lwe-mantra, izithombe ezingu-21 noma i-taras eyaziwa e-Tibet nasemhlabeni wonke iyacelwa.
Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sibe usizo, sikushiyela izixhumanisi ezilandelayo eziya kwezinye izihloko ezizokuthakazelisa ngokuqinisekile: