Okokuqala wathola iplanethi ngaphandle kweSolar System yethu kwakuyi-Gliese 876b futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi yazalwa ngaphansi komjikelezo weLanga noma, esikhundleni salokho, ibe yingxenye yamaplanethi esiwaziyo namuhla nafundiswa esikoleni. Akunakushiwo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi i-Gliese 876b iyi-exoplanet, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuye kwenziwa izifundo ezibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-Sun ikhangwe.
Ungase ube nentshisekelo yokufunda: IZINTO EZI-5 OKUMELE UZAZI MAYELANA NOKUQHUBEKA KWENkanyezi KWANGO-2022
I-Gliese 876b yaziwa ngokuthi i-Discovered Planet etholakala ebangeni elikude kune-Pluto futhi umsuka wayo awukakahlonzwa. Phakathi kwemibono ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yaqala ngenxa ye-a inkanyezi eyayizungeza enye inkanyezi efana neLanga, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Gliese 876 futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-Gliese 876b iyiplanethi eyizungezayo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana namaplanethi ahlukene ohlelweni lwethu sonozungezilanga, ungafunda mayelana Mangaki amaplanethi akhona esimisweni sonozungezilanga?.
Kodwa, nakuba iplanethi Gliese 876b izungeza kwenye i-orbit, izazi zezinkanyezi zithi nakuba kunjalo kungenzeka ukuthi le planethi ibe yingxenye ye-Solar System yethu, cishe ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi mhlawumbe kwenzekile ngesikhathi esithile lapho i-Gliese 876 System idlula eduze neLanga futhi amandla adonsela phansi adonse iplanethi i-Gliese 876b ayenza izungezise isikhashana.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo mhlaba ungabuyela esimweni noma ube yingxenye yalawo azungeza iLanga.Kodwa izifundo ziyaqhubeka ngoba akwaziwa ngokuqiniseka ukuthi iPlanethi yokuqala etholakele i-exoplanet (iplanethi engaphandle kwe-orbit ye-Solar System) noma iyingxenye yalesi simiso, nakuba ngesinye isikhathi iye yaxoshwa kuyo, manje isiyingxenye yomjikelezo wenkanyezi i-Gliese 876.
I-Exoplanet Eseduze Emhlabeni
Umkhathi womkhathi mkhulu kangangokuthi akwenzeki ukumisa izifundo ngomzuzwana, izazi zezibalo zenza izibalo ukuze zazise ukuthi kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhiqiza umzimba wesikhala, ososayensi bahlola amathuba okuwadala ngengxenye ngayinye, kodwa izazi zezinkanyezi eziphethe ukuphenya ngokucophelela imininingwane yendawo yonke, njengalapho zibona i-Discovered Planet.
ngaphansi kwesibonakude
Ngaphambi kwe- amehlo we isibonakude futhi amaqembu ocwaningo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu noma irobhothi, iyiplanethi entsha. Futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu izifundo nokubala kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe uma kuyinto entsha emkhathini, ngokwesikhathi semvelaphi yayo hhayi ngokwesikhathi eyatholwa ngaso.
Ngokwengxenye yayo, iplanethi iGliese 876b, kuze kube manje ine ukwelashwa kwesayensi njenge-exoplanet ezungeza inkanyezi i-Gliese 876 ngakho-ke ibekwe ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo, kodwa akunqatshelwe ukuthi le planethi ingahle ibe nomsuka wayo ngaphansi kwesimiso sethu sezinkanyezi, okungukuthi iLanga futhi ngenxa yaleso sizathu. abanye ongoti bakhetha ukungathathwa kalula ekuqambeni ngokuthi a i-exoplanet. Kulabo abafisa ukujula esihlokweni samaplanethi anamatshe, sikumema ukuthi ufunde kabanzi mayelana amaplanethi amatshe.
I-Gliese 876b Iplanethi Yokuqala Etholakele
Un iqembu lezazi zezinkanyezi Abezizwe ngezizwe banqume ukusebenzisa i-Hubble Space Telescope ngenhloso yokuthi ngalo mshini bakwazi ukuthola izilinganiso ezinembile zobunzima beplanethi i-Gliese 876b, eseduze kakhulu, ngaphandle kwesimiso sethu sonozungezilanga. UHubble wenza izimali ezinkulu ezibanjwayo ebonisa ukuthi iyiplanethi enkulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1,89 kuya ku-2,4 kuneplanethi iJupiter, enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. ubukhulu besimiso sonozungezilanga.
Mhlawumbe ufuna ukwazi mayelana: IMILAZA: IMFIHLO EFIHLEKILE YEZINKANYEZI ENDLELENI YETHU YOBUSI
Abanye baze bacabange ukuthi isisindo sikhulu kakhulu kunalokho, sisukela ku-1,9 kuya ku-100 ubukhulu beJupiter. Izilinganiso zangaphambilini, lapho kunokungaqiniseki okuthile, zibeka ubukhulu beplanethi ebangeni elibanzi kakhulu: phakathi kuka-1,9 no-100 izikhathi zeJupiter, nokho lena i-exoplanet yesibili umthamo wayo uhlolisisiwe ukuze kutholwe ubukhulu bayo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe mayelana exoplanets ngokuvamile, ungafunda mayelana amaplanethi okuhlalwa kuwo.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kuye kwakwazi futhi ukwazi ukuzungeza kwenkanyezi i-Gliese 876, eye yaqanjwa ngegama lesidlaliso. inkanyezi encane ebomvu nokuthi ukuba nobukhulu obuncane kangaka (cishe u-32% wesisindo sokukhanya kweLanga), noma kunjalo kulandela ukuthi amaplanethi angu-3 ajikelezayo, phakathi kwawo kukhona i-Gliese 876b, okuyiyona esibhala ngayo kulesi Siqephu.
Umlando Omncane Wesikhala
Cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule (iminyaka engu-19, ukuba ncamashi) amabili amaqembu e-exoplanet Bathola ubukhona beplanethi engaphandle komjikelezo welanga, kodwa lokho kuzungeza inkanyezi eshiwo ngenhla i-Gliese 876. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu le planethi yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Gliese 876b, ngenxa yalolu phenyo umzingeli we-exoplanet owaziwayo wayekhona ehola elinye lamaqembu, igama lakhe nguGeoffrey Marcy. Lokhu kutholakala kwakuyingxenye yenkathi ethakazelisayo yesayensi yezinkanyezi, efana nomsebenzi owaholela ekuhloleni i-Mars, eyaziwa ngokuthi iplanethi ebomvu i-Hercolubus.
Kungalolu cwaningo lapho ulwazi lwatholakala khona ukuthi iplanethi iGliese 876b ithatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-61 zungeza ngokuphelele emzileni ojikelezayo. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwalokho, olunye ucwaningo lwaqinisekisa ukuthi le planethi ingathatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-30 ukuguqula ngokuphelele i-dwarf ebomvu.
ukukhanga ilanga
Njengamanje, iqiniso lokuthi ngesinye isikhathi iLanga selibambe iqhaza kulo uhlelo lwenkanyezi kulePlanethi Etholakele yokuqala futhi uma lokho kuyiqiniso, lokhu bekungenzeka ngoba izinkanyezi azihlali zimile endaweni eyodwa, okungukuthi, azimi, kodwa kunalokho zigcina umjikelezo ngokuzungeza phakathi nendawo yoMhlaba. i-galaxy futhi kolunye lwalolo hambo kungenzeka bake bahlangana. Kulabo abazibuza mayelana nokuguquguquka kwesimiso sonozungezilanga, kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngakho isimiso sonozungezilanga kanye nezici zayo zendawo.
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni olwenziwe yithimba elahola umzingeli we-exoplanet ngo-1998, UGeoffrey Marcy, kuphakama inoveli eyagqugquzelwa yilokhu kutholakala futhi yanyatheliswa ngo-2005, ekhuluma ngeplanethi eyinunu ngobukhulu, njengoba inkulu kakhulu kune I-Jupiter, njengoba sesichazile.
Futhi Isistimu Yelanga Enamaplanethi angu-9
Eminyakeni engu-11 edlule, izincwadi eziqondiswe ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi zashintsha okuqukethwe kwazo okuhambisana nokufundiswa kwamaplanethi, ngoba I-International Astronomical Union (I-IAU, ngokwesifinyezo sawo ngesiNgisi) shintsha isuka kweyisishiyagalolunye iye kweyisishiyagalombili inani lamaplanethi atholakala kuSolar System, ikhipha iPluto futhi yehlise isigaba sayo "njengeplanethi encane".
Kodwa-ke, ngo-2016 odlule, ucwaningo lwaqala oluphenya iplanethi yesishiyagalolunye futhi ku-Solar System futhi ingatholakala kude nendawo lapho. Pluto yenza umjikelezo wayo. Abakayitholi, ngakho-ke kwenziwa umsebenzi odingekayo ukuze bayazi futhi bathole ukuthi imvelaphi yayo iyini futhi ngisho nososayensi baseLund University, eSweden, baphetha ngokuthi empeleni akuyona iplanethi yesishiyagalolunye, kodwa i-exoplanet. .
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi iplanethi izungeza ngalesi sikhathi ngaphansi komjikelezo weLanga.Uma lokho okukhombisa izazi kuyiqiniso, kungenzeka kube yiplanethi elahlekile futhi ngenxa yesimo sezulu. amandla adonsela phansi yohlelo lwethu lwezinkanyezi, ithathwe yiLanga, nakuba ekuqaleni layakheka lizungeza enye inkanyezi. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ingxoxo nge-Pluto, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ufunde Kungani iPluto ingathathwa njengeplanethi.
Asikho isiqiniseko sokuthi iPlanethi yokuqala Etholakele ifana ncamashi neplanethi yesishiyagalolunye ehlanganisa isimiso sonozungezilanga futhi empeleni iphesenti lokungenzeka liphansi kakhulu, u-2% ngisho no-0,1% ukuthi kuyiqiniso eliqinisekisiwe. Kodwa esikwaziyo ukuthi umkhathi wethu udala izindikimba zasezulwini ngaphakathi kwayo, ukuthi kuyafaneleka ukubazi, ukufunda okwengeziwe ngabo nokunye okwengeziwe uma kukhona ukusondela eMhlabeni.
Kufanele ufunde: IZINHLOBO EZI-2 EZINKULU ZEZINKANYEZI EZIMBINDLELA EZINGAKWENZA UTHANDE I-UNIVERSE YONKE
